Ko sodium cyanide inobatsira sei mukuchera goridhe?

Mune yakaoma uye zviwanikwa - intensive process ye Ndarama Kuchera, Sodium Cyanide inoita basa rinokosha uye rinowanzosanzwisiswa. Chinyorwa ichi chine chinangwa chekutsanangura zvizere kuti musanganiswa uyu wekemikari unobatsira sei pakutorwa kwegoridhe kubva mumatombo ayo.

Iyo Nheyo yeSodium Cyanide muKuchera Goridhe

Ndarama, mumamiriro ayo echisikigo, inowanzovapo mune yakaderera-giredhi ores, zvichiita kuti zviome kuparadzanisa kubva kune yakatenderedza dombo nemaminerari. Sodium cyanide (NaCN) inobata negoridhe munzira inozivikanwa se Cyanidation. Iyo cyanide ions mukati sodium cyanide gadzira yakagadzikana yakaoma ine maion egoridhe. Iyo Chemical reaction inogona kungomiririrwa se:

4Au + 8NaCN+O_{2}+2H_{2}O\rightarrow4Na[Au(CN)_{2}]+4NaOH

Kuita uku kunonyungudutsa goridhe kubva kune ore, kuchiparadzanisa kubva kune gangue (maminerari asingadiwi nedombo). Goridhe rinozobuda - cyanide complex, [Au(CN)_{2}]^{-}, inonyungudika mumvura, inova kiyi yekuparadzana kwayo kubva kune mamwe maore components.

Maitiro Ekushandisa Sodium Cyanide muGoridhe Mining

1. Kugadzirira kweOre: Chekutanga, goridhe rinocherwa - rinotakura ore rinopwanyika uye rinokuyiwa kuita upfu hwakatsetseka. Izvi zvinowedzera nzvimbo ye ore, zvichiita kuti pave nekubatana kwakanaka pakati pezvimedu zvegoridhe ne Sodium cyanide Solution.

2. Leaching: Ore yehupfu inozoiswa mumatangi makuru kana mirwi, uye mushonga wakasanganiswa wesodium cyanide unopfapfaidzwa kana kupeperetswa nawo. Mushonga wecyanide unonyungudutsa goridhe zvishoma nezvishoma kwenguva inogona kubva pamaawa akati wandei kusvika kumazuva akati wandei, zvichienderana nerudzi rwesimbi.

3. Kudzoreredzwa kweGoridhe - Cyanide Complex: mushure Leaching nzira, mhinduro ine goridhe - cyanide complex inoparadzaniswa kubva kune yakasimba yakasara (gangue). Izvi zvinowanzoitwa kuburikidza nenzira dzakadai sefiltration kana sedimentation.

4. Kunaya kweGoridhe: Kuti uwane goridhe rakachena kubva kugoridhe - cyanide yakaoma mhinduro, inoderedza mumiriri, senge zinc guruva, inowedzerwa. Iyo zinc inobvisa goridhe iri mucomplex, zvichiita kuti goridhe ripere kunge rakasimba. Iyo Chemical reaction ndeyotevera:

2Na[Au(CN)_{2}]+Zn\rightarrow2Au + Na_{2}[Zn(CN)_{4}]

Goridhe rinonaya rinobva rakwenenzverwa kuburikidza nenzira dzakaita sekunyungudutsa kuti uwane mabharu egoridhe akachena.

Zvakanakira Kushandisa Sodium Cyanide muGoridhe Mining

1. Kubudirira Kwakanyanya: Cyanidation ndiyo imwe yenzira dzakanyanya kushanda dzekubvisa goridhe kubva kune yakaderera-giredhi ores. Inogona kudzoreredza chikamu chakakosha chegoridhe riripo mune ore, kazhinji inosvika kudzoreredza mitengo ye80 - 95% mumabasa akakwenenzverwa.

2. Selectivity: Sodium cyanide inoratidza yakakwira dhigirii rekusarudza kune goridhe. Inopindirana negoridhe pamusoro pezvimwe zvicherwa zvakawanda zvinowanikwa mugoridhe, izvo zvinobatsira mukuparadzanisa goridhe kubva musanganiswa wakaoma wezvinhu zviri nyore.

3. Mutengo - Kubudirira: Zvichienzaniswa nedzimwe nzira dzekuchera goridhe, dzakadai semusanganiswa wemercury (uyo une njodzi dzakakura dzezvakatipoteredza uye hutano) kana zvakanyanya kuoma uye simba - maitiro emakemikari akanyanya, cyanidation uchishandisa sodium cyanide inodhura - inoshanda, kunyanya kumabasa makuru emigodhi.

Mafungiro Ezvakatipoteredza uye Kuchengetedzwa

Pasinei nekubudirira kwayo, kushandiswa kwe sodium cyanide mumigodhi yegoridhe hakusi pasina kukakavara. Sodium cyanide ine chepfu zvakanyanya. Chero kuvuza kana kubata zvisina kunaka kwesodium cyanide mhinduro kunogona kutyisidzira zvakanyanya nharaunda uye hutano hwevanhu. Kana ikateuka, cyanide inogona kusvibisa ivhu, matsime emvura, uye kukuvadza zvipenyu zvemumvura. Kudzikamisa njodzi idzi, makambani emigodhi anoteedzera maprotocol akasimba ekuchengetedza. Izvi zvinosanganisira kaviri-maraini ekuchengetera nemadziva ekulecha, kuenderera mberi kwekutarisa mazinga ecyanide muhova dzemarara, uye kushandiswa kwenzira dzepamusoro dzekurapa kubvisa cyanide - ine tsvina isati yaraswa. Pamusoro pezvo, kuedza kuri kuitwa kuvandudza dzimwe nzira, dzakatipoteredza dzekuchera goridhe, asi parizvino, cyanidation ine sodium cyanide inoramba iri nzira huru muindasitiri yemigodhi yegoridhe nekuda kwekuita kwayo uye mutengo - kushanda zvakanaka.

Mukupedzisa, sodium cyanide chinhu chakakosha mumigodhi yegoridhe yemazuva ano. Kugona kwayo kunyungudutsa goridhe kubva kune ores, yakasanganiswa nemutengo wakaderera uye kugona kwakanyanya, kunoita kuti ive yakakosha mukubviswa kwesimbi yakakosha iyi. Zvakadaro, indasitiri iyi inofanirwa kuenderera mberi nekuenzanisa mashandisirwo ayo nematanho akasimba ezvakatipoteredza uye chengetedzo kuti ive nechokwadi chekuchengetedza migodhi yegoridhe.