Ndeipi mirairo uye nhungamiro yekuchengetedza sodium cyanide?

Sodium cyanide ikemikari ine chepfu yakanyanya. Nekuda kwenjodzi yayo yakanyanyisa, mirau yakasimba uye nhungamiro dzinofanirwa kutevedzwa panguva yekuchengetwa kwayo kudzivirira tsaona, kuchengetedza hutano hwevanhu, uye kuchengetedza nharaunda.

1. Nzvimbo Zvinodiwa

1.1 Nzvimbo yekuchengetera

• Isolation: Sodium cyanide inofanira kuchengetwa munzvimbo yakatsaurirwa, yakazvimiririra yekuchengetedza iyo yakaparadzana nemamwe makemikari, kunyanya ayo anogona kuita nayo. Kuzviparadzanisa nevamwe kunobatsira kudzivirira zvinogona kuitika kemikari zvinogona kutungamira mukuburitswa kwechepfu yehydrogen cyanide gasi. Semuyenzaniso, haifanirwe kuchengetwa pedyo nemaasidhi semaitikiro ari pakati Sodium cyanide uye maasidhi anogona kugadzira muchetura wehydrogen cyanide gasi.

• Remote from Populated Areas: Nzvimbo yekuchengetera zvinhu inofanira kunge iri kure nenzvimbo dzinogara vanhu, zvikoro, zvipatara, nedzimwe nzvimbo dzeveruzhinji. Izvi zvinoderedza njodzi yekukuvadza kune nhamba huru yevanhu kana ikasunungurwa netsaona. Nzvimbo dzemaindasitiri dzine mabhafa akachengeteka inzvimbo dzakanakira kuchengetedza Sodium Cyanide.

1.2 Kuvaka Kuvaka

• Robust Structure: Chivako chekuchengetera chinofanira kuvakwa nezvinhu zvakasimba uye zvinogara kwenguva refu. Inofanirwa kukwanisa kumirisana nemasimba ekunze akadai senjodzi dzinongoitika dzoga (semuenzaniso, kudengenyeka kwenyika, mhepo ine simba) kudzivirira kukuvadzwa kwechimiro kunogona kukonzera kudonha kwemvura. sodium cyanide. Zvivako zvekongiri zvakasimbiswa zvinowanzosarudzwa nokuda kwesimba ravo uye kugadzikana.

• Impermeable Floors neMasvingo: Uriri nemadziro enzvimbo yekuchengetera zvinofanira kugadzirwa nezvinhu zvisingapindiki. Izvi zvinodzivirira kubuda kwe sodium cyanide mhinduro kana ikateuka uye zvakare inodzivirira chimiro chekuvaka kubva mukuora kwemakemikari. Epoxy - yakavharwa pasi uye madziro anowanzo shandiswa munzvimbo dzakadaro dzekuchengetera.

2. Kuchengeta Container Regulations

2.1 Container Material

• kugarisana: Midziyo yekuchengetera sodium cyanide inofanirwa kugadzirwa nezvinhu zvinoenderana nemakemikari. Midziyo yesimbi inowanzoshandiswa sezvo iine kumira zvakanaka kune inoora yesodium cyanide. Zvisinei, dzinoda kuvharwa zvakanaka kana kuvharwa kuitira kudzivirira ngura, izvo zvinogona kukanganisa kutendeseka kwemudziyo nekufamba kwenguva.

• Chisimbiso Kuvimbika: Zvidziyo zvinofanirwa kunge zvine zvivharo zvinobatika kana kuvhara kudzivirira kupinda kwemwando nemhepo, sezvo sodium cyanide iri hygroscopic uye inogona kuita nemhute yemvura mumhepo kugadzira hydrogen cyanide. Zvidzitiro zvakavharwa kaviri kana izvo zvine hunyanzvi gasket masisitimu zvinokurudzirwa kuve nechokwadi chepamusoro chisimbiso kutendeseka.

2.2 Container Labeling

• Clear Identification: Midziyo yese inochengeta sodium cyanide inofanira kunyorwa zvakajeka nezita remakemikari, "Sodium Cyanide," mumavara makuru, anoverengwa. Iyo label inofanirawo kusanganisira nhamba yeCAS (143 - 33 - 9 ye sodium cyanide) kuti zvive nyore kuzivikanwa uye kuyambuka-referensi kana paine emergency.

• Njodzi Yambiro: Yambiro dzengozi dzakatanhamara dzinofanirwa kuratidzwa pamapepa emidziyo. Idzi yambiro dzinofanira kusanganisira ruzivo rwekunyanya huturu hwekemikari, mukana wekuburitswa kwegasi kana wasangana nemvura, uye matanho anodiwa pakubata. Mapikicha anomiririra huturu nengozi anofanirwawo kuverengerwa zvinoenderana nezviyero zvepasi rose zvakaita seizvo zvinotsanangurwa neGlobal Harmonized System of Classification uye Labeling of Chemicals (GHS).

3. Environmental Conditions Control

3.1 Tembiricha uye Humidity

• Nzvimbo Inotonhorera uye Yakaoma: Sodium cyanide inofanirwa kuchengetwa munzvimbo ine tembiricha inodzorwa uye hunyoro. Iyo yakanaka tembiricha siyana inowanzova pakati pe15 - 25 ° C, uye hunyoro hunofanirwa kuchengetwa pasi pe60%. Tembiricha yepamusoro inogona kuwedzera mwero wechero inogona kuitika kemikari, nepo hunyoro hwepamusoro hunogona kukonzera kuti sodium cyanide itore unyoro uye kutanga kuburitsa hydrogen cyanide gasi. Air-conditioning uye dehumidification masisitimu anogona kuiswa munzvimbo yekuchengetera kuchengetedza aya mamiriro.

• kufefetedza: Kufefetera kwakakwana kwakakosha munzvimbo yekuchengetera. Kufefetedza kunobatsira kubvisa chero ingangove yadeuka yehydrogen cyanide gasi uye kudzivirira kuungana kwayo kusvika kune njodzi. Iyo ventilation system inofanirwa kugadzirwa kuti ibudise mweya kunzvimbo yakachengeteka kure nenzvimbo dzine vanhu uye zvimwe zvivakwa zvinonetsa.

3.2 Dziviriro kubva kuChiedza

• Chiedza - Resistant Storage: Kunyange zvazvo sodium cyanide isinganyanyi kupenya, ichiri kukurudzirwa kuichengeta munzvimbo yakachengetedzwa kubva kune zuva rakananga. Kugara kwenguva refu kuchiedza chezuva kunogona kukonzera kumwe kushatisa kwekemikari nekufamba kwenguva, izvo zvinogona kukanganisa kugadzikana kwayo uye kuwedzera njodzi yezvisingadiwi. Kushandisa opaque midziyo yekuchengetera kana kuchengetedza kemikari mukamuri ine rima-ruvara kunogona kubatsira kuderedza kukanganiswa kwechiedza.

4. Kuchengetedza uye Kuchengetedza Matanho

4.1 Security Systems

• Access Control: Nzvimbo yekuchengetera inofanirwa kuve neyakaomesesa yekuwana yekudzora matanho munzvimbo. Vashandi vane mvumo chete vakadzidziswa kubata zvakanaka uye kuchengetedza sodium cyanide vanofanirwa kubvumidzwa kupinda munzvimbo. Makiyi - makadhi masisitimu, biometric kuwana zvidzoreso, kana vanochengetedza varindi vanogona kushandiswa kusimbisa izvi.

• Kuongorora Makamera: Kuisa anotarisisa makamera kutenderedza nzvimbo yekuchengetera kunobatsira mukutarisa chero zviitiko zvisingatenderwe. Makamera anofanirwa kuvhara pese pekupinda nekubuda mapoinzi pamwe nenzvimbo dzinochengeterwa sodium cyanide. Iwo akarekodhwa mavhidhiyo anofanirwa kuchengetwa kwenguva yakakwana (semuenzaniso, angangoita mazuva makumi matatu) kuti ishandiswe mune ramangwana kana paine zviitiko.

4.2 Emergency Response Equipment

• Chidziviriro Chekushandisa (PPE): Kupihwa kwakakwana kwePPE kwakakodzera kunofanirwa kuwanikwa nyore pedyo nenzvimbo yekuchengetera. Izvi zvinosanganisira makemikari-anodzivirira masutu, magirovhosi, bhutsu, uye yega-ine midziyo yekufema (SCBA). Iyo PPE inofanirwa kunge iri yemhando yepamusoro uye ichienderana neakakodzera kuchengetedza zviyero. Kugara uchiongorora uye kugadzirisa kwePPE kunodiwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekushanda kwayo.

• Spill Response Kits: Makiti ekupindura ekuteuka anofanira kunge aripo munzvimbo yekuchengetera. Makiti aya anofanirwa kunge aine zvinhu zvinonyura, neutralizing agents (zvakadai sesodium hypochlorite solution inogona kushandiswa kudzikamisa madiki ateuka e sodium cyanide), uye maturusi ekutsvaira. Makiti anofanirwa kugara achitariswa uye achizadzikiswa kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti ari kushanda zvakanaka.

5. Kudzvinyirira Kuenderana

5.1 Mitemo yemunharaunda, yenyika, uye yepasi rose

• Kuteerera neMirairo: Kuchengetedzwa kwesodium cyanide kunofanirwa kuenderana nemitemo yese yemuno, yenyika, uye yepasirese. MuUnited States, semuenzaniso, iyo Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) ine mirairo chaiyo maererano nekuchengetedza uye kubata kwemakemikari ane muchetura zvakanyanya sesodium cyanide. Iyi mirau inovhara zvinhu zvakaita sekudzidziswa kuchengetedza vashandi, kunyora kwakaringana kwemidziyo, uye kuiswa kwemidziyo yekuchengetedza.

• Kuzivisa Zvinodiwa+ Uku kutaura kunobatsira zviremera kutarisa uye kuona kuchengetedza kwakachengeteka uye kubata kwesodium cyanide mudunhu rese.

5.2 Kugara Kuongorora uye Kuongorora

• Internal Audits: Nzvimbo dzekuchengetera dzinofanirwa kuita ongororo yemukati nguva dzose kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti maitiro ese ekuchengetera anoenderana nemirau yakatemwa uye nhungamiro. Ongororo idzi dzinogona kuitwa nechikwata chekuchengetedza nzvimbo uye dzinofanirwa kubata zvinhu zvakaita sekuperera kwemidziyo, mamiriro ekunze, uye kuvapo kwemidziyo yekupindura nechimbichimbi.

• Kuongorora Kwekunze: Zviremera zvinotonga zvinogona kuita nguva nenguva kuongorora kwekunze kwenzvimbo dzekuchengetera. Ongororo idzi ndedzekuona kutevedzerwa kwemutemo uye kuona chero njodzi dzinogona kuitika. Kusateera kunogona kuguma nefaindi dzakakura uye mimwe mibairo yepamutemo yenzvimbo.