Kiimikooyinka Soo saarista Dahabka ee Sare ee Metallurgy-ga Mexico
Ka guuleysiga Macdanta Epithermal-ka ee Lacagta Sare leh, Kinetics-ka Qalalan, iyo Amniga Gudaha
United Chemical Waxay bixisaa nadiifnimo la hubo oo AuCyan™ Sodium Cyanide NaCN (≥98.3%), Kaarboonka Qumbaha ee la Firfircoobey (≥99% Adkaanta), iyo Agent-ka Dahabka ee AuLeach™ (GDA) ee aan khatarta ahayn si loo xoojiyo ka saarista Heap, ka saarista VAT-ga, CIP, CIL, iyo hawlgallada CIC ee ku baahsan suumanka macdanta Sierra Madre.
Muuqaalka Macdanta ee Mexico: Behemoth-ka Lacagta-Dahabka ah
Mexico waa shirkad caalami ah oo ka shaqeysa soo saarista biraha qaaliga ah. Suumanka Sierra Madre Occidental iyo Oriental-ka ee caanka ah waxay dhex maraan gobollada muhiimka ah ee macdanta sida Sonora, Chihuahua, Zacatecas, iyo Guerrero. Kaydkaan epithermal-ka ah ayaa aad u hodan ah, laakiin waxay soo bandhigaan saddex caqabadood oo kala duwan oo bir-mareenno iyo hawlgal ah. Marka hore, joogitaanka badan ee lacagta waxay u dhaqantaa sidii cyanide daran , oo dalbanaysa reagents aad u urursan. Marka labaad, hawlgallada waqooyiga (sida kuwa ku jira lamadegaanka Sonora) waxay la dagaallamayaan yaraanta biyaha ee aadka u daran, taasoo ku qasbaysa isticmaalka biyaha habka milixda badan leh. Ugu dambeyntii, marin u helidda saadka gudaha waxay u baahan tahay tallaabooyin amni oo aad u daran.
Iyada oo ah alaab-qeybiye wax soo saar oo heer sare ah oo si sharaf leh u dhoofinaya 77 + wadamada dunida oo dhan, United Chemical Waxay hawl wadeennada Mexico ku qalabeysaa kaabayaasha kiimikada ee gaarka loo sameeyay. Annagoo bixinayna labadaba reagents cyanidation caadi ah oo aad u saafi ah iyo beddello aan khatar ahayn oo kacaan ah, waxaan meesha ka saareynaa caqabadaha saadka waxaanan sare u qaadeynaa soo kabashada Kaarboon-ku-jira-Purp (CIP), Kaarboon-ku-jira-Cilmi-gal (CIL), Kaarboon-ku-jira-Tiirka (CIC), iyo qashin-tuurid badan wareegyada.
Si loo hubiyo amniga silsiladda sahayda oo dhammaystiran, waxaan si buuxda uga shaqeynaa maraakiibta badda. Waxaan si toos ah ugu macaamilnaa FOB (dekedaha Shiinaha) ama shuruudaha CIF albaabada muhiimka ah ee Mexico sida Dekedda Manzanillo, Dekedda Lázaro Cárdenas (Baasifigga), iyo Dekedda Veracruz (Gacanka Gacanka) . Waxaan si adag uga reebnaa gaadiidka tareenka caalamiga ah ee ka gudba Baasifigga. Iyada oo ay taageerayaan Tirada ugu Yar ee Dalabka (MOQ) oo ah 1x20' FCL , waxaan si toos ah ugu gudbinnaa warshaddaada hufnaan toos ah.
1. Ka adkaanta dhibaatooyinka hawlgallada ee Mexico
Saamiga Cyanicide Silver ee Weyn
Meksiko waa soo-saaraha lacagta ugu weyn adduunka, dahabkana had iyo jeer waxaa lala soo saaraa. Lacagta waxay u baahan tahay ku dhawaad labanlaab xaddiga stoichiometric ee cyanide si ay u milmaan. Waxyaabaha nadiifka ah ee aan nadiifka ahayn si dhakhso ah ayay u daali doonaan lacagta, taasoo keenta in soo kabashada dahabka ay burburto.
Kinetics-ka Saxaraha Arooniga ah (Sonora)
Saxaraha Waqooyiga Mexico waxay la kulmaan biyo yaraan daran, taasoo u baahan isticmaalka biyaha milixda badan leh ama kuwa dib loo warshadeeyay. Milixda badan waxay hoos u dhigtaa oksijiinta milmaysa, waxay dib u dhigtaa qulqulka biyaha, waxayna sababtaa xoqid daran oo ku timaadda khadadka waraabka ee Heap Leach.
Khataraha Amniga Gudaha iyo Gaadiidka
Rarista DG Class 6.1 (Sumowga Aad u Badan) Sodium Cyanide ee gobollada qaar ee Mexico waxay leedahay khataro amni oo aad u daran. Gaadiid hubaysan iyo ogolaansho adag oo federaal ah ayaa kiciya OPEX. Beddel sharci ahaan u hoggaansan oo aan khatar ahayn waa faa'iido istiraatiijiyadeed oo weyn.
2. Saddex-xagalka Dahabka ah: United ChemicalXalalka loogu talagalay Mexico
AuCyan™ Sodium Cyanide NaCN (≥98.3%)
Heerka Nadiifnimada: ≥98.3%Si looga adkaado isticmaalka badan ee sunta rasaasta ee lacagta ah ee Sierra Madre loona badbaado milixda sare ee biyaha habka Sonoran, AuCyan™ Sodium Cyanide NaCN waxay bixisaa dubbe warshadeed. Waxaan si adag u dammaanad qaadaynaa daahirnimada ugu yar ee ≥98.3% (si joogto ah ayaa loo tijaabiyaa 98.5%). Xooggan aan la barbar dhigi karin wuxuu hubiyaa sii deynta qarxa ee ion-yada CN⁻ ee bilaashka ah marka la milmo, iyadoo si dhakhso ah u milmaysa dahabka iyo culayska lacagta culus isku mar.
📊Faahfaahinta Farsamada: Heerka Nadiifnimada 98.3%
Iyada oo ka sarreysa halbeegyada warshadaha, dufcadaha wax soo saarka ee ugu dambeeyay waxay si joogto ah u gaaraan darajooyin "Tayada Sare". Hoos waxaa ku yaal xogta waxqabadka ee la xaqiijiyay (Tixraaca: Dufcadda C050030HS251101).
| Walxaha Tijaabada | Heerka caadiga ah (GB/T 19306-2003) | AuCyan™ (Caadi ah) | Saamaynta Hawleed |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sodium Cyanide (NaCN) | ≥ 98.0% | 98.3% | Heerarka ugu badan ee kala dirista dahabka iyo soo kabashada. |
| Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) | ≤ 0.5% | 0.13% | Xasillooni pH oo heer sare ah; waxay ka hortagtaa hydrolysis-ka dhicis ah. |
| Sodiyaam Kaarboonate (Na2CO3) | ≤ 0.5% | 0.18% | Yaraynta faragelinta wasakhda ee xalka wasakhda. |
| Qoyaanka (H2O) | ≤ 0.9% | 0.3% | Xasillooni xooggan oo la xoojiyay inta lagu jiro kaydinta muddada dheer iyo gaadiidka badda. |
| Walxaha aan la milmin | ≤ 0.05% | 0.02% | Qaacidada ka hortagga xidhitaanka; waxay ilaalisaa bamka muhiimka ah iyo af-xidhka. |
Habraacyada Birta ee Khuseeya: Biyo-shubka, Biyo-shubka VAT-ga, Kaarboon-ku-jira Biyo-shubka (CIL), Kaarboon-ku-jira Biyo-shubka (CIP), Kaarboon-ku-jira Tiirka (CIC)
Kaarboonka Dahabka ah ee AuCarb™ ee Kaarboonka Firfircoon
Adkaanshaha Kubadda-Dheriga: ≥99%Culaysyada qalinka badan waxay ka dhigan yihiin in Kaarboonkaaga firfircoon uu leeyahay awood rarid oo weyn iyo cimri dherer aad u sarreeya. Kaarboonka firfircoon ee AuCarb™ waxaa laga sameeyay qolofka qumbaha ee aadka u cufan iyada oo loo marayo firfircooni uumi oo xooggan. Waxaan dammaanad qaadaynaa adkaanta kubbadda-digsiga sare ee ≥99% , taasoo hubinaysa in budada kaarboonku aysan waligood ku burburin miisaanka culus ee isku-dhafka dahabka/lacagga ee waaweyn ee tiirarka CIL iyo CIC.
📊 Taxanaha AuCarb™: Tusmada Isbarbardhigga Dareenka leh ee Halbeegyada Aasaasiga ah
Si loo fududeeyo habka xulashada oo aad u dareen badan oo loogu talagalay wareeggaaga birta gaarka ah, waxaan soo koobnay xuduudaha farsamada ee asaasiga ah ee afarta nooc ee AuCarb™ ee ugu caansan.
| Halbeegga Tijaabada Muhiimka ah | AuCarb™ BC1100 | AuCarb™ AC50 | AuCarb™ AC55 | AuCarb™ AC60 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Meelaynta Qiimaynta Suuqa | Daadinta Tuulada Caadiga ah / Waxqabadka Qiimaha Sare | Badeeco la barbar dhigi karo: Jacobi G208AS | Badeeco la barbar dhigi karo: Jacobi G209AS | Doorasho heer sare ah oo loogu talagalay Miisaan Weyn / La barbar dhigi karo: Jacobi G210AS |
| Cufnaanta muuqata | 0.40 - 0.50 g/ml | 0.48 - 0.55 g/ml | 0.45 - 0.55 g/ml | 0.45 - 0.55 g/ml |
| Adkaanshaha kubbadda | ≥ 98.5% | ≥ 99% | ≥ 99% | ≥ 99% |
| Waxyaabaha ku jira Dhiig-yaraha (Planlet) | ≤ 5% | ≤ 5% | ≤ 5% | ≤ 5% |
| Soojiidasho | ≤ 2% | ≤ 1.5% | ≤ 2% | ≤ 2% |
| Wadarta Dambaska ka kooban | ≤ 5% | ≤ 3% | ≤ 3% | ≤ 3% |
| qoyaanka | ≤ 10% | ≤ 5% | ≤ 5% | ≤ 5% |
| Awoodda nuugista (Qiimaha K) | / | ≥ 26 Kg/t | ≥ 28 Kg/t | ≥ 30 Kg/t |
| Heerka nuugista (Qiimaha R) | / | ≥ 50% | ≥ 55% | ≥ 60% |
| Nambarka Iodine | ≥ 1100 mg/g | / | / | / |
| Dhaqdhaqaaqa Butane | / | ≥ 19.5% | ≥ 21% | ≥ 23% |
| CTC (Hawsha Kaarboon Tetrachloride) | / | ≥ 50% | ≥ 55% | / |
* Heerarka Fulinta: Waxay u hoggaansan tahay heerarka ASTM ee Mareykanka iyo heerarka tijaabada macdanta gudaha ee AARL. Badeecadu waxay ka gudubtay kormeerka dhinac saddexaad waxaana la bixin karaa muunado tijaabo ah marka la codsado.
Wakiilka Dahabka ee AuLeach™ (GDA) - Ma aha mid khatar ah
Reagent-ka aan Khatarta lahaynMashaariicda macdan qodista ee wajahaya khataro amni oo aad u daran gudaha iyo OPEX-ka weyn ee gaadiidka DG-ga hubaysan ee ka gudba gobollada Mexico, AuLeach™ Gold Leaching Agent (GDA) waa furaha istaraatiijiyadeed ee ugu dambeeya. Si rasmi ah loogu aqoonsaday adduunka oo dhan kiimiko aan khatar ahayn , AuLeach™ gebi ahaanba waxay ka gudubtaa sharciyada alaabada sunta ah. Si badbaado leh ayaa loogu rari karaa xamuul guud ahaan Manzanillo ilaa Sonora, taasoo meesha ka saaraysa kharashyada iyo khataraha ogolaanshaha DG Class 6.1.
📊 Macluumaadka Farsamada iyo Tilmaamaha AuLeach™
| dhimaya | Halbeegyada | Faahfaahinta La Dammaanad Qaaday |
|---|---|---|
| Imaanshaha | - | Budada adag |
| Kala duwanaanshaha pH ee hawlgalka | - | 10.5 - 12 |
| Xoojinta Wakiilka Daadinta | % | 30 |
| Baakadaha caadiga ah | Kgs | Bac saafi ah oo 25Kgs ah |
Baaxadda Codsiga Ballaaran: Aad waxtar ugu leh macdanta aasaasiga ah, macdanta oksaydhka, macdanta nus-oksaydhka, macdanta sulfide, xoogga dahabka, iyo dabada cyanide ee labada wareeg ee kaarboon-ku-jira iyo wareegga barkadda/Vat-ka.
Qalabka aan lahayn CAPEX: Si buuxda ayuu ula jaanqaadi karaa kaabayaasha dhaqaalaha ee Chilean Heap iyo CIL. Uma baahna dib-u-habayn farsamo.
Saadka aan xadidnayn: Waxaa loo raray oo loo raray xamuul guud ahaan, taasoo meesha ka saaraysa kharashyada xad-dhaafka ah ee ruqsadaha soo dejinta alaabada khatarta ah ee dekedaha sida Antofagasta iyo kuwa gaarka ah ee la socda DG ee ku teedsan Atacama.
Xaqiiji Waxqabadka Muunado Macdanta Mexico ah
Ma jiraan cyanides-yo badan oo lacag ah oo kor u qaadaya firfircoonidaada OPEX? Saadka gudaha ma khatar gelinayaan amniga warshaddaada? Waxaan ku martiqaadeynaa Metallurgy-yada Mexico iyo Maamulayaasha Warshadda inay si madax-bannaan u qiimeeyaan heerka sare ee kiimikada.
📌 Helitaanka Muunad Shaybaar oo Bilaash ah:
United Chemical si sharaf leh ayay si adag ugu bixisaa muunado tijaabo shaybaar oo bilaash ah Kaarboonka Dahabka ah ee AuCarb™ ee Kaarboonka Firfircoon iyo Wakiilka Dahabka ee AuLeach™ (GDA) - Ma aha mid khatar ahSamee tijaabooyin dhammaystiran oo ku saabsan dhalada duubista iyo tiirarka si aad u xaqiijiso faa'iidooyinka dhaqdhaqaaqa ka hor intaadan dalban wax badan.
* Shixnadaha ganacsiga ee badan ayaa ka bilaabma warshad Tirada ugu Yar ee Dalabka (MOQ) ee 1x20' FCL iyada oo loo marayo shuruudaha FOB ama CIF ee badda.
Su'aalaha Badiya La Weydiiyo: Metallurgy-ga Mexico & Saadka
Ka hel jawaabo cad oo ku salaysan khabiir ku saabsan su'aalaha farsamada iyo saadka ee ugu badan ee ku saabsan kiimikooyinka soo saarista dahabka ee Mexico.
1. Sidee AuCyan™ u maareysaa saamiga aadka u sarreeya ee lacagta-ilaa-dahabka ee Mexico?
AuCyan™ waxay maamushaa saamiga sare ee lacagta-ilaa-dahabka iyadoo bixinaysa isku-darka saafiga aadka u sarreeya (≥98.3%) ee sodium cyanide firfircoon . Silver waxay u baahan tahay ku dhawaad laba jibaar xaddiga stoichiometric ee cyanide si loo milmo marka loo eego dahabka. Haddii daahirnimada reagent-ka ay yar tahay, lacagtu si xoog leh ayay u isticmaashaa ion-yada firfircoon, taasoo ka dhigaysa dahabka mid aan la daadin. Daacadnimadayada la dammaanad qaaday ee ≥98.3% waxay hubinaysaa xaddi badan oo ion-yada CN⁻ ah si ay u milmaan labada biraha isku mar, taasoo kordhinaysa soo kabashada guud.
2. Dekedaha badda ee Mexico noocee ah ayaad u isticmaashaa keenista CIF?
Waxaan ugu horreyn u isticmaalnaa Dekadda Manzanillo, Dekadda Lázaro Cárdenas, iyo Dekadda Veracruz si aan u gaarsiinno maraakiibta badda ee CIF ee loo diro Mexico. Dekadaha ku yaal xeebta Baasifigga (Manzanillo) waxay ku habboon yihiin hawlgallada Sierra Madre, halka Veracruz ay u adeegto gobollada bari. Marka laga nadiifiyo kastamka, shirkadda saadka ee maxalliga ah ee aad magacawday waxay maamushaa xamuulka gudaha ee loo qaado goobta macdanta.
3. Sidee AuLeach™ GDA u xallisaa khataraha amniga gudaha iyo gaadiidka ee Mexico?
AuLeach™ waxay xallisaa khataraha amniga sababtoo ah waxaa si rasmi ah loogu aqoonsaday adduunka oo dhan kiimiko aan khatar ahayn. Rarista sunta ah ee DG Class 6.1 ee waddooyinka waaweyn ee Mexico waxay keentaa khataro amni oo aad u daran waxayna u baahan tahay ciidan qaali ah ama kuwa federaalka ah. AuLeach™ waxaa loo rari karaa xamuul ahaan xamuul guud ahaan, taasoo meesha ka saaraysa khataraha amniga ee badan iyo kuwa gaadiidka.
4. AuCyan™ ma si fiican ayuu ugu shaqeeyaa biyaha milixda badan leh ama kuwa dib loo warshadeeyay ee lamadegaanka Sonora?
Haa, AuCyan™ si aad ah ayuu ugu shaqeeyaa biyaha milixda badan leh ama kuwa dib loo warshadeeyay. Xoogga ionic-ga ee biyaha lamadegaanka ah wuxuu dib u dhigaa milmida oksijiinta. Maadaama AuCyan™ ay leedahay wasakh aad u yar (sida NaOH ≤0.13%), si dhakhso ah ayuu u milmaa iyada oo aan keenin miisaan xad dhaaf ah oo kaalshiyam ah oo ku jira kuwa soo daaya dhibcaha Heap Leach, taasoo sii wadata daadinta xooggan ee deegaannada qalalan.
5. Maxay muhiim u tahay qiimeynta adkaanta ≥99% Kaarboon-firfircoon dhirta CIL ee lacagta badan leh?
Qiimaynta adkaanta ≥99% waxay ka hortagtaa kaarboonka firfircoon inuu burburo iyadoo la raacayo miisaanka aadka u badan ee isku-dhafka dahabka iyo lacagta ee la nuugay. Hawlgallada CIL, kicinta farsamada oo ay weheliso culaysyo lacag ah oo culus ayaa kaarboon jilicsan ku shiidi doona boodh khafiif ah. Daacadnimada qaab-dhismeedka daran ee AuCarb™ waxay hubinaysaa inaysan jirin wax khasaare ah oo ka soo baxa, taasoo ka hortagaysa biraha qaaliga ah inay ku dhacaan dabada.
6. Ma jiraan wax kharashyo kharash raasamaal ah (CAPEX) ah oo loogu beddelayo AuLeach™?
Ma jiraan wax kharash ah oo CAPEX ah oo loo baahan yahay sababtoo ah AuLeach™ waxaa loo sameeyay sidii 100% beddel loogu talagalay. Maamulayaasha warshaduhu uma baahna inay iibsadaan haamaha cusub ee daadinta, beddelaan nidaamyada waraabka ee Heap leach, ama wax ka beddelaan wareegyadooda daadinta kaarboonka. Waxaad si toos ah ugu beddelaysaa cyanide-ka AuLeach™ habka.
7. Noocyadee macdanta ah ayaa lagu farsameyn karaa iyadoo la isticmaalayo fal-celinta AuLeach™ Non-Hazardous?
AuLeach™ waxay leedahay qaab-dhismeed aad u ballaaran oo loogu talagalay noocyada kala duwan ee macdanta. Sida ku xusan Xaashideeda Xogta Farsamada, waxay si aad ah waxtar ugu leedahay macdanta aasaasiga ah, macdanta oksaydhka, macdanta nus-oksaydhka, macdanta sulfide, macdanta dahabka, iyo dabada cyanide ee labadaba howlaha kaarboon-ku-jira iyo kuwa barkadda lagu daadiyo.
8. Sidee bay shaybaarrada birta ee Mexico u tijaabiyaan heerka AuLeach™?
Shaybaaradu waxay tijaabiyaan fiirsashada AuLeach™ iyagoo adeegsanaya habka titration kiimikada ee caadiga ah. Tani waxay ku lug leedahay isticmaalka wakiilka isku-dhafka nitrate-ka ee heerka falanqaynta iyo tilmaame rhodanine ah. Inta lagu jiro titration-ka, xalku wuxuu isu beddelaa jaalle ilaa casaan, millilitiryada wakiilka isku-dhafka ah ee la isticmaalayna si sax ah ayay u muujinayaan fiirsashada firfircoon ee reagent-ka.
9. Waa maxay heerka pH-ga ugu habboon ee loo isticmaalo AuLeach™ wareegyada leaching-ka?
Kala duwanaanshaha pH-ga hawlgalka ee la hubo ee AuLeach™ waa inta u dhaxaysa 10.5 iyo 12. Tani waxay si fiican ula jaanqaadaysaa wareegyada cyanidation-ka dhaqameed, taasoo la macno ah in hawl wadeennada warshaddu ay sii wadi karaan isticmaalka lime-ka biyaha leh ee caadiga ah si ay u maareeyaan alkalinity-ga slurry iyagoon wax ka beddelin habraacyadooda hadda jira.
10. Ma bixisaa gaadiid tareen oo caalami ah oo toos ugu taga Mexico marka aad ka timaado dibadda?
Maya, si adag ayaan u mamnuucnay isticmaalka gaadiidka tareenka caalamiga ah ee dhoofinta kiimikada dibadda. Sababtoo ah xeerarka badbaadada caalamiga ah ee daran ee xukuma kiimikooyinka khatarta ah ee ka jira Baasifigga, waxaan si gaar ah u sugeynaa silsiladda sahayda iyada oo loo marayo rarista konteenarada badda (FOB ama CIF) ee dekedaha Mexico.
11. Waa maxay Tirada Dalabka Ugu Yar (MOQ) ee loo dhoofinayo Mexico?
Tirada Dalabka Ugu Yar ee Adag (MOQ) waa 1x20' FCL (Rarka Konteenarrada oo Buuxa). Siyaasaddani waxay si guud u khuseysaa AuCyan™, AuCarb™, iyo AuLeach™ si loo dammaanad qaado qiimaha tooska ah ee warshadda, loo ilaaliyo hufnaanta baakadaha, loona wanaajiyo kharashyada xamuulka badda ee guud ahaan Badweynta Baasifigga.
- Nuxurka Random
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- Sodium Amyl Xanthate (SAX) 90%, kiimiko macdanta, reagent sabbaynta macdanta
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- Quudinta Fasalka 98.0% Kaalshiyam Formate
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- Copper Sulfate Monohydrate (CuSO4-H2O) Budada (Cu: 34% Min)
- Ammonium Bisulfite 70% Xalka
- Fasalka Warshadaha/Cuntada 58/60 Si Buuxda/Semi-Slab Paraffin La Sifeeyay
- 1Sodium Cyanide oo la dhimay (CAS: 143-33-9) ee Macdanta - Tayada Sare & Qiimaynta Tartan
- 2Sodium Cyanide 98.3% CAS 143-33-9 Wakiilka labiska dahabka NaCN ee Muhiim u ah Macdanta Warshadaha Kiimikada
- 3Shuruucda Cusub ee Shiinaha ee Dhoofinta Sodium Cyanide iyo Hagida Iibsadayaasha Caalamiga ah
- 4Sodium Cyanide (CAS: 143-33-9) Shahaadada isticmaalaha dhamaadka (nooca Shiinaha iyo Ingiriisiga)
- 5Cyanide International (Sodium cyanide) Xeerka Maamulka - Heerarka Oggolaanshaha Miinada Dahabka
- 6Warshada Shiinaha Sulfuric Acid 98%
- 7Anhydrous Oxalic acid 99.6% Heerka Warshadaha
- 1Sodium Cyanide 98.3% CAS 143-33-9 Wakiilka labiska dahabka NaCN ee Muhiim u ah Macdanta Warshadaha Kiimikada
- 2Nadiif Sarreysa · Waxqabad Deggan · Soo kabasho Sare - sodium cyanide oo loogu talagalay leaching dahabka casriga ah
- 3Kaabayaasha Nafaqada ee Sarcosine Cunnada Qabta 99% min
- 4United ChemicalKooxda Cilmi-baadhistu waxay ku muujisaa awoodda iyada oo loo marayo xog-aragti ay wado xogtu
- 5AuCyan™ Sodium Cyanide oo Waxqabad Sare leh | 98.3% Nadiif ah oo loogu talagalay Macdanta Dahabka Adduunka
- 6Detonator Dijital ah (Waqtiga dib u dhigista 0 ~ 16000ms)
- 7Xoog-sare, Saxeexa ugu sarreeya ee Tuubada Qarxiya
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