Sidee Sodium cyanide loogu isticmaalaa macdanta dahabka?

sodium cyanide (NaCN), oo ah reagen-ka udub dhexaadka u ah Soo saarista Dahabka, garwaaqsada isbeddelka ka yimid macdanta ilaa dahabka iyada oo loo marayo Cyanidation habka in Macdanta Dahabka. Habkani wuxuu ku lug leeyahay hawlgallo kiimiko oo adag iyo xakamaynta habraaca adag. Kuwa soo socda waa tillaabooyinka isticmaalka gaarka ah iyo faahfaahinta farsamada ee muhiimka ah:

Geedi socodka Cyanidation Gold

I. Pretreatment ee macdanta

1. Burburinta iyo Shiidida

Macdanta waa la jajabiyaa oo lagu shubaa budo khafiif ah (sida caadiga ah leh cabbirka qayb ≤ 75μm) si loo kordhiyo aagga xiriirka leh Sodium cyanide Xal.

2.Flotation ama Cufis-jiid-saarid

Macdanta heerka hoose waxay u baahan tahay in horay loogu sii uruuriyo macdanta dahabka iyada oo loo marayo sabbaynta ama xoogga saarista culeyska si loo yareeyo qadarka macdanta ee daaweynta cyanidation ee xigta.

II. Falcelinta Leaching Cyanidation

1. Xaaladaha Leaching

• Diyaarinta Xalka: Kala saar sodium cyanide Biyaha si ay u sameeyaan xal milo leh oo leh 0.01% -0.1% (fiirsashada gaarka ah waxay kuxirantahay heerka macdanta).

• Deegaanka alkaline: Ku dar calcium oxide (CaO) ama sodium hydroxide (NaOH) si aad u hagaajisid pH ilaa 10-11 si aad uga hortagto kala-goynta cyanide gaaska sunta ah ee hydrogen cyanide (HCN).

• Ogsajiinta: Ku ilaali fiirsashada ogsijiinta ee milmay ee xalka (sida caadiga ah> 5 mg/L) hawo ama walaaq si aad u kiciso falcelinta oksaydhka.

2. Falcelinta Kiimikada

Dahabku wuxuu kaga falceliyaa cyanide gudaha alkaline iyo jawi aerobic si uu u sameeyo dhismayaal milmay:

4Au + 8NaCN + O₂ + 2H₂O → 4NaAu(CN)₂ (sodium aurocyanide) + 4NaOH

Dareen-celintani waxay u baahan tahay inay socoto dhowr saacadood ilaa dhowr maalmood si loo hubiyo in dahabku si buuxda u milmay.

III. Roobabka iyo Soo kabashada Dahabka

1.Habka Beddelka Zinc

Ku dar budada zinc ama siliga zinc xalka dheecaanka, dahabkuna wuxuu ku soo degdegay falcelinta beddelka:

2Au(CN)₂⁻ + Zn → 2Au↓ + Zn(CN)₄²⁻

Budada dahabka ah ee la soo saaray waa la dhaqaa oo la dhalaaliyaa si loo helo dahab cayriin.

2.Habka adsorption kaarboon firfircoon

Xalka beddelka ah, kaarboonka firfircooni wuxuu si xushmad leh u dhejin karaa Au(CN)₂⁻ xalka, ka dibna dahabka waxaa lagu soo celiyaa iyada oo loo marayo nadiifinta heerkulka sare.

IV. Daaweynta Dabada iyo Xakamaynta Badbaadada

1. Dhexdhexaadinta Cyanide

Saxarka dabada ka dib dheecaanku wuxuu u baahan yahay inuu oxidize haraaga cyanide isagoo ku daraya sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) ama hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂):

CN⁻ + ClO⁻ + H₂O → CNO⁻ + Cl⁻ + 2OH⁻

Ugu dambeyntii, hoos u fiirsashada cyanide ilaa heerka badbaadada deegaanka (sida caadiga ah <0.5 mg/L).

2.Nidaamka Wareega Wareega ee Xidhan

Qaado hannaan xiran si aad u yareyso sii daynta xalalka cyanide, iyo heerka dib-u-isticmaalka shirkadaha qaar waxa uu gaari karaa in ka badan 90%.

V. Dhibaatooyinka Farsamada iyo Tilmaamaha Hagaajinta

1.Farogelinta Wasaqda

Aions bir ah sida naxaasta iyo birta ayaa cuni doona cyanide. Kahor daawayn (sida dubay desulfurization) ama ku darida horjoogayaasha (sida sodium sulfide) ayaa loo baahan yahay si loo yareeyo saamaynta.

2.Daawaynta Macdanta Darajada Hoose

Dahab si fiican loo faafiyey oo kuxiran, bayooloji ka hor-oxidation (sida bakteeriyada leaching) ama tignoolajiyada oksaydhka cadaadiska ayaa la qaatay si loo jebiyo dhismaha macdanta loona hagaajiyo heerka dheecaanka dahabka.

3.Cusbooneysiinta Tignoolajiyada Ilaalinta Deegaanka

Samee walxaha leaching-yar ee cyanide ama cyanide-free (sida thiosulfates), oo saham hababka soo kabashada cusub sida kaydinta korantada.

Ugu Dambeyn

Codsiga Sodium cyanide macdanta dahabka ah waxay kuxirantahay xakamaynta habka saxda ah iyo maaraynta badbaadada adag. Inkasta oo sunteedu ay keentay muran, waxtarkeeda sare iyo faa'iidooyinka dhaqaale ayaa weli ka dhigaya farsamada caadiga ah. Mustaqbalka, iyada oo la wanaajinayo shuruudaha ilaalinta deegaanka, habka cyanidation wuxuu horumarin doonaa isuduwidda tignoolajiyada cagaaran, kor u qaadida isbeddelka macdanta dahabka ee jihada badbaadsan oo waara.