Doorka Sodium Sulfide ee Macdanta

Hordhac

Qaybta adag ee muhiimka ah ee habaynta macdanta , kiimikooyin kala duwan ayaa door muhiim ah ka ciyaara hagaajinta kala soocidda iyo soo saarista macdanta qiimaha leh. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah, sodium sulfide (Na₂S) waxay u muuqataa kiimiko badan oo si ballaaran loo isticmaalo. Waxay leedahay shaqooyin badan oo ku jira noocyada kala duwan ee hawlaha habaynta macdanta, gaar ahaan hababka sabeynta , kuwaas oo aasaas u ah soo kabashada hufan ee macdanta laga helo macdanta.

Sifooyinka Kiimikada ee Sodium Sulfide

Sodium sulfide waa milix ka soo jeeda hydrogen sulfide, asiidh dibasic ah oo daciif ah. Xalalka aqueous ee heerkulka qolka iyo hal cadaadis atmospheric, oo ka mid ah in ka badan 30 noocyada molecular iyo ionic sulfur, lix kaliya ayaa ah kuwa heerkulku deggan: HSO₄⁻, H₂S, HS⁻, iyo S²⁻. pH ee nidaamka aqueous waa doorsoome muhiim ah oo lagu xakameeyo oksaydhka ee hydrogen sulfide. Hoosta pH 6. "Hydrogen sulfide molecular" waa noocyada baaruudda la dhimay ee ugu weyn. At pH 7. noocyada baaruudda la dhimay ee xalka si siman ayaa loo qaybiyaa inta u dhaxaysa "sulfide hydrogen sulfide" iyo noocyada bisulfide (HS⁻), iyadoo HS⁻ ay tahay noocyada ugu muhiimsan ee pH ee 8 - 11.

Hawlaha Sodium Sulfide ee Ka-hortagga Macdanta

Xakamaynta Macdanta Sulfide

Sodium sulfide waa daawo wax ku ool ah oo loogu talagalay inta badan macdanta sulfide marka loo isticmaalo tiro badan. Kala horreynta saameynta xannibaadda ee macdanta sulfide guud ahaan way hoos u dhacdaa sidan soo socota: galena, sphalerite, chalcopyrite, bornite, covellite, pyrite, iyo chalcocite. Waxaa xusid mudan, sababtoo ah dabacsanaanta dabiiciga ah ee aadka u fiican ee molybdenite, sodium sulfide ma joojin karto. Sifadan waxaa looga faa'iidaystaa sabbeynta molybdenite, halkaas oo Na₂S loo isticmaali karo in lagu xakameeyo sabbeynta macdanta kale ee sulfide, taasoo u oggolaanaysa kala soocidda xulashada molybdenite.

Wakiilka Sulfidizing ee Aan-Ferrous Metal Oxide Ores

Macdanta oksaydhka birta ah ee aan birta ahayn si toos ah uma qabsan karaan ururiyayaasha xanthate. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, marka sodium sulfide lagu daro saxarka macdanta ka hor xanthate sabbeynta, waxay la falgashaa dusha macdanaha oksaydhka birta ah ee aan birta ahayn. Dareen-celintani waxay keenaysaa sameynta filim khafiif ah oo macdanta sulfide ah oo ku yaal dusha sare ee macdanta oksaydhka. Tusaale ahaan, marka macdanta rasaasta cad ay la falgasho sodium sulfide, midabkeedu wuxuu isu beddelaa caddaan ilaa madow; iyo marka malachite uu ka falceliyo sodium sulfide, midabkiisa oogada wuxuu isu beddelaa cagaar wuxuuna noqdaa madow madow. Isbedelada midabkani waxay muujinayaan samaynta guusha leh ee filim sulfide ah oo ka duwan macdanta asalka ah. Sulfidization ka dib, xanthate waxay si wax ku ool ah u qabsan kartaa macdanahan, sidaas darteed waxay hagaajinaysaa dib u soo kabashada sabbeynta ee macdanta oksaydhka ee birta ah ee aan-ferrous.

Wakiilka Desorbing ee Sulfide Macdanta Isku-dhafan

Marka xaddi badan oo sodium sulfide ah la isticmaalo, waxay qurxin kartaa xanthate - nooca aruuriyayaal lagu dhejiyay dusha macdanta. Kala saarista macdanta "lead" - isku-darka zinc ama naxaasta - isku-dhafka rasaasta, saxarka macdanta ayaa marka hore xoogga saari kara. Kadibna, xaddi badan oo sodium sulfide ah ayaa lagu daraa si ay u qurxiyaan ururiyeyaasha dusha macdanta. Taas ka dib, saxarka waa la dhaqaa, waxaana lagu daraa biyo cusub si dib loogu hagaajiyo saxarka si loogu kala saaro sabbeynta dambe. Nidaamkani wuxuu caawiyaa in la baabi'iyo faragelinta ururiyeyaasha asalka ah waxayna awood u siinaysaa kala-soocidda wax ku oolka ah ee macdanta kala duwan ee isku dhafan.

Ciribtirka Iions waxyeellada leh ee ku jira saxarka macdanta

Sodium sulfide waxa ay la falgali kartaa ion bir ah oo badan si ay u sameeyaan soo daadad sulfide ah oo aan la milmi karin. Saxarka macdanta, inta badan waxa jira ayooniyo bir ah oo saamayn taban ku yeelan kara sabbaynta, sida ayoonooyinka birta culus qaarkood. Marka lagu daro sodium sulfide, kuwan birta ah ee waxyeelada leh ayaa laga saari karaa saxarka macdanta ee qaabka sulfide precipitates, sidaas darteed abuurista jawi kiimiko oo wanaagsan oo loogu talagalay sabbeynta iyo hagaajinta waxtarka sabbeynta guud.

Waxyaabaha Saameynaya Isticmaalka Sodium Sulfide ee Macdanta

1. Macdanta Macdanta : Kala duwanaanshaha macdanta macdanta waxay yeelan kartaa saameyn weyn. Tusaale ahaan, sulfidation-ka macdanta oksaydhka, jiritaanka macdanta kala duwan sida galena, sphalerite, iyo cerussite ee macdanta waxay adkeyn kartaa habka falcelinta. Sidoo kale, joogitaanka macdanta oksaydhka kala duwan sida malachite, azurite, atacamite, iyo chrysocolla oo isku jira ayaa sidoo kale saameyn ku leh saameynta sulfidation-ka.

2. Sodium Sulfide - Macdanta la Isticmaalo : Macdanta sida pyrite, marcasite, talc, cerussite, dhoobada, slimes, milixda dhulka alkaline, gypsum, iyo chlorides waxay isticmaali karaan sodium sulfide. Isticmaalkani wuxuu keeni karaa xaddi ku filan oo sodium sulfide ah oo loo heli karo falcelinta la rabo ee habka sabbeynta, taasoo yareyneysa waxtarkeeda.

3. Qiimaha pH : Marka la qaato qiyaasta sare ee sodium sulfide, pH-ga saxarka macdanta ayaa noqon kara mid xad dhaaf ah. Xaaladdan pH ee xad dhaafka ah ma saameyn karto oo keliya falgallada kiimikada ee sodium sulfide oo leh macdan laakiin sidoo kale waxay saameyn kartaa waxqabadka falgalayaasha kale ee nidaamka sabbeynta, taasoo ugu dambeyntii saameyn ku yeelanaysa kala soocidda iyo soo kabashada macdanta.

4. Goobta iyo Tirada Marxaladaha Ku-darka Sodium Sulfide : Dhibcaha iyo tirada jeer ee lagu daro sodium sulfide inta lagu jiro habka sabbeynta ayaa sidoo kale muhiim ah. Meelaha ku-darka khaldan ama tirada aan habboonayn ee marxaladaha ku-darka waxay keeni karaan qaybinta aan sinnayn ee sodium sulfide ee saxarka macdanta ama falcelin aan waqtigeeda la gaarin, labaduba waxay yareyn karaan hufnaanta shaqadeeda.

5. Halabuurka Biyaha : Halabuurka biyaha ee loo isticmaalo habka sabbeynta, gaar ahaan waxa ku jira kaalshiyamka, ion-yada magnesium-ka, iyo adkaanta biyaha, ayaa la falgeli kara soodhiyam sulfide iyo macdanaha. Isdhexgalkani wuxuu kor u qaadi karaa ama joojin karaa falcelinta soodhiyam sulfide, taasoo saameyn ku yeelan karta doorkeeda farsamaynta macdanta.

Ugu Dambeyn

Sodiyam sulfide wuxuu door badan oo aan laga maarmi karin ka ciyaaraa habaynta macdanta, gaar ahaan sabbeynta. Waxay u shaqeysaa sidii joojiye, wakiil sulfid ah , wakiil wax ka saara nuugista, iyo awooddeeda ay ku baabi'inayso ion-yada waxyeelada leh waxay si weyn uga qayb qaadataa kala-soocidda hufan iyo soo kabashada macdanta qiimaha leh ee noocyada kala duwan ee macdanta. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, si buuxda loogu isticmaalo awoodda sodium sulfide, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in si taxaddar leh loo tixgeliyo oo loo xakameeyo arrimo kala duwan oo saameyn kara waxqabadkeeda jawiga adag ee habaynta macdanta. Marka sidaas la sameeyo, warshadaha habaynta macdanta waxay gaari karaan heerarka soo kabashada kheyraadka oo sarreeya, kharashyada wax soo saarka oo hooseeya, iyo horumar waara.