Faragelinta caadiga ah ee Falanqaynta Titration Sodium Cyanide

Hordhac

Falanqaynta titration ee sodium cyanide waa hab muhiim u ah kiimikada falanqaynta, gaar ahaan warshadaha sida macdanta, electroplating, iyo wax soo saarka kiimikada. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, joogitaanka walxaha kala duwan ee faragelinta leh waxay si weyn u saameyn kartaa saxnaanta iyo kalsoonida natiijooyinka titration. Fahmidda faragelintan caadiga ah waa lama huraan si loo helo xog sax ah oo lagu kalsoonaan karo.

Birta Iions sida Walxaha Fargaliya

Biraha culus

Ayoonada birta culus sida naxaasta (Cu²⁺), zinc (Zn²⁺), iyo nikkel (Ni²⁺) waxay samayn karaan isku-dhafan deggan oo leh ayoonada cyanide . Tusaale ahaan, ayoonada naxaasta waxay la falgalaan cyanide si ay u sameeyaan isku-dhafanka cyanide naxaasta sida [Cu(CN)₂]⁻ iyo [Cu(CN)₄]³⁻. Falgalladan isku-dhafan ee samaysma waxay isticmaalaan ayoonada cyanide, taasoo horseedaysa in la yareeyo waxa ku jira Sodium Cyanide ee dhabta ah inta lagu jiro titration. Xalalka electroplating, kuwaas oo inta badan ka kooban naxaas iyo zinc oo ay weheliso Sodium cyanide , faragelintan si gaar ah ayaa loo muujin karaa.

Iron Iions

Irnada birta (Fe³⁺ iyo Fe²⁺) waxay sidoo kale faragelin karaan titration sodium cyanide. Dhexdhexaad acidic ah, Fe³⁺ waxay la falgali kartaa ion cyanide si ay u sameeyaan bir kala duwan - dhismooyinka cyanide, sida buluugga Prussian-ka si fiican loo yaqaan - sida xeryahooda. Dareen-celintani waxay cuni kartaa ion cyanide waxayna carqaladayn kartaa stoichiometry falcelinta titration ee u dhaxaysa ion silver (sida badan loo isticmaalo titration cyanide) iyo ion cyanide. Intaa waxaa dheer, joogitaanka oksijiin, Fe²⁺ waxaa lagu oksijiin karaa Fe³, taas oo sii adkeynaysa xaaladda faragelinta.

Faragelinta Anionic

Sulfide Iions

Sulfide ions (S²⁻) waa maaddooyinka faragelinta caadiga ah ee titration sodium cyanide. Dhexdhexaadka alkaline, haddii sulfide uu jiro, waxay la falcelin kartaa ion hydrogen ka xaaladaha acidic ee loo isticmaalo hababka titration qaarkood (ama samee gaaska hydrogen sulfide kaas oo ka falcelin kara). Tan ka sii muhiimsan, sulfide waxay kaga falcelin kartaa ion silver (oo loo isticmaalo silver-nitrate-ku salaysan titration cyanide) si loo sameeyo sulfide silver (Ag₂S) Tani ma aha oo kaliya inay isticmaasho ions qalinka laakiin sidoo kale waxay qarinaysaa meesha ugu dambeysa ee titration, maadaama samaynta qulqulka Ag₂S madow ay faragelin karto ogaanshaha muuqaalka ee qalinka - cyanide complex - dhamaadka ku salaysan.

Thiocyanate Iions

Thiocyanate ions (SCN⁻) waxay u jiri karaan faragelin ahaan, gaar ahaan shaybaarada halkaas oo ay jireen dhinac - falcelin ama faddarayn. Auniyooyinka Thiocyanate waxay kaga falcelin karaan ion silver si ay u sameeyaan thiocyanate silver (AgSCN). Titration sodium cyanide ah halkaas oo nitrate silver loo isticmaalo titrant ahaan, samaynta AgSCN waxay u horseedi kartaa in ka badan - qiyaasida waxa ku jira cyanide haddii aan si sax ah loo xisaabin, sida ions qalinka ah ayaa lagu wada baabbi'iyey samaynta labadaba qalin - dhismayaasha cyanide iyo silver thiocyanate precipitate.

Walxaha kale ee Fargaliya

Isku-dhafka dabiiciga ah

Qaar ka mid ah iskudhisyada dabiiciga ah ayaa faragelin kara titration-ka sodium cyanide. Tusaale ahaan, aldehydes iyo ketones gaar ah ayaa la falgeli kara ion cyanide marka ay ku jiraan falgal ku darid nukliyeefiya ah xaaladaha ku habboon. Falgalkani wuxuu cunaa ion cyanide sidaas darteedna wuxuu saameeyaa natiijooyinka titration-ka. Muunado laga soo qaatay hababka warshadaha halkaas oo walxaha dabiiciga ah ay ku jiraan, sida biyaha wasakhda ah ee ka imanaya dhirta kiimikada ee laga yaabo inay ku jiraan sodium cyanide iyo wasakhowga dabiiciga ah, faragelinta ka timaadda iskudhisyadan dabiiciga ah waxay u baahan tahay in si taxaddar leh looga fiirsado.

Oxidization and Yaraynta Wakiilada

Waxyaalaha ogsidhiyeyaashu waxay oksijiyeen ion cyanide. Tusaale ahaan, hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) waxay la falgali kartaa ions cyanide si ay u sameeyaan ion cyanate (CNO⁻) ama alaabo kale oo oksaydhaysan. Dareen-celinta oksaydhisku waxay yaraynaysaa xaddiga cyanide ee loo heli karo titration, taasoo keentay cabbir aan sax ahayn oo ku jira maadada sodium cyanide. Dhanka kale, wakiilada dhimista ayaa sidoo kale faragelin kara. Tusaale ahaan, maaddooyinka sida sodium sulfite (Na₂SO₃) waxay la falcelin karaan ions qalinka ah ee silver - nitrate - titration ku salaysan, iyaga oo yareynaya birta qalinka ah ama ka hooseeya - oxidation - noocyada lacagta gobolka, taas oo carqaladaynaysa habka titration caadiga ah.

Ugu Dambeyn

Falanqaynta titration-ka sodium cyanide , ion-yada birta ah, anions-ka sida sulfide iyo thiocyanate, isku-dhafka dabiiciga ah, iyo wakiilada oksaydhka ama yaraynta ayaa ah walxo faragelin caadi ah. Si loo helo natiijooyin titration sax ah, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la qaado tallaabooyin ku habboon si loo baabi'iyo ama loo yareeyo saameynta faragelintan. Tani waxay ku lug yeelan kartaa farsamooyin daaweyn ka hor muunad ah sida shaandhaynta, soo saarista, ama isticmaalka wakiilada maaskaro. Fahmidda faragelintan waa tallaabada ugu horreysa ee lagu hagaajinayo saxnaanta iyo isku halaynta falanqaynta titration-ka sodium cyanide ee codsiyada warshadaha iyo falanqaynta kala duwan.