Boithuto ba Teko ka Mekhoa ea Kalafo ea Mokelikeli oa Cyanide-Mafutsana Moepong oa Khauta

Selelekela

Lefapheng la merafo ea khauta, phekolo ea cyanide- metsi a futsanehileng a bohlokoa haholo. Mokelikeli o futsanehileng oa cyanide, joalo ka tharollo ka mor'a ho ntšoa ha khauta ts'ebetsong ea cyanidation, o na le lintho tse fapaneng tse silafatsang, haholo-holo metsoako ea cyanide, e ka bakang tšilafalo e tebileng ea tikoloho haeba e sa phekoloe hantle. Ka hona, ho hlaolela ho sebetsa hantle le ho boloka chelete Mekhoa ea kalafo bakeng sa mokelikeli o futsanehileng oa cyanide ke mosebetsi o potlakileng. Poso ena ea blog e tsepamisitse maikutlo thutong ea liteko ea mekhoa ea kalafo bakeng sa mokelikeli o futsanehileng oa cyanide sebakeng se itseng Morafo oa khauta, ka sepheo sa ho fana ka lintlha le litšupiso tsa bohlokoa bakeng sa indasteri.

Kakaretso ea Mekhoa ea Phekolo ea Mokelikeli oa Cyanide-Mafutsana

Ka kakaretso, mekhoa ea kalafo ea mokelikeli o futsanehileng oa cyanide e ka aroloa ka mekhahlelo e 'meli: mekhoa ea tlhoekiso le mekhoa ea ho hlaphoheloa (ho nchafatsa).

Mekhoa ea ho Hloekisa

1.Alkali-Chlorine Oxidation Method

• Ena ke mokhoa o batlang o holile oa ho senya li-cyanides metsing a litšila 'me e sebelisoa haholo limela tsa electroplating, limela tsa coking, le limela tse qhibilihisang khauta. Tlas'a boemo ba pH 11 - 12. Li-cyanides le li-ion tse rarahaneng tsa tšepe tse metsing a litšila a nang le cyanide li oxidized ho ba cyanate, ebe chlorine e eketsoa ka lekhetlo la bobeli ho li oxidized ho k'habone dioxide, naetrojene, jj.

• le menyetla: Ts'ebetso e batla e holile, e na le litlamorao tse ntle tsa kalafo le ts'ebeliso e pharaletseng. Mokhoa oa phekolo o ka etsoa habonolo.

• go tlhoka mesola: Li-cyanides ha li khone ho sebelisoa hape, litšenyehelo tsa phekolo li holimo, 'me ha li khone ho tlosa li-iron-cyanide complexes. Ho boetse ho na le bothata ba tšilafalo ea bobeli.

2.Sulfur Dioxide - Mokhoa oa Oxidation oa Moea

• Ka setsing se tsositsoeng, mokelikeli oa litšila o eketsoa, ​​​​'me moea le SO₂ (mokelikeli kapa khase, kapa tharollo ea sulfite, kapa e fumanoang ka ho chesa sebabole sa motheo) li hlahisoa. PH e laoloa ho 7 - 10. 'me kalaka e sebelisoa ho fokotsa asiti e hlahisoang nakong ea karabelo ea oxidation. Karabelo e hloka ho ba teng ha koporo e qhibilihang (e le ntho e thusang).

• Mokhoa oa Inco - SO₂/air oxidation o ka senya li-cyanide tsohle, ho kenyelletsa le iron-cyanides, le iron-cyanides e ka ba pula le ho tlosoa ho sebelisoa li-reagents tse sireletsehileng le tse theko e tlaase.

3.Hydrogen Peroxide Mokhoa

• Ts'ebetso ena e loketse ho phekola metsi a litšila a nang le cyanide e tlase. Hyrogen peroxide e ka oxidize cyanide ka mehatla hore e be e fokolang le e bonolo ea hydrolyzed cynic acid (HCNO), e ntan'o tlosoa ke ho feta oxidation le hydrolysis.

4.Ozone Oxidation Mokhoa

• Ozone ke ntho e matla ea oxidizing. Ha e sebelisoa ho phekola metsi a litšila a nang le cyanide, a phethehile ho feta mokhoa oa alkali-chlorine oxidation, ka liphello tse molemo tsa ho tlosa cyanide. Kamora ozonation, oksijene e qhibilihisitsoeng ka har'a tharollo ea metsi a litšila ea eketseha, e ka khutlisetsoang tsamaisong ea cyanidation bakeng sa ho sebelisoa hape, ho nolofaletsa ho qhibiliha ha khauta le ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso e ntle ea ho tsoa ha khauta.

• le menyetla: Ts'ebetso e bonolo ebile e bonolo, e bonolo ho e laola, 'me tekanyo ea ho iketsetsa tlhahiso e phahame. Ozone e ka hlahisoa sebakeng sa marang-rang, se bohlokoa haholo bakeng sa limela tsa cyanidation tse nang le lipalangoang tse sa sebetseng empa phepelo ea motlakase e lekaneng. Ts'ebetso ea tlhoekiso e holimo, 'me ha ho na tšilafalo ea bobeli e hlahisoang.

• go tlhoka mesola: Tšebeliso ea matla bakeng sa ho hlahisa ozone e kholo, 'me litšenyehelo tsa tlhahiso li holimo, e leng se fokotsang tšebeliso ea eona e pharaletseng.

5.Electrolytic Oxidation Method

• Pele ho electrolysis, fetola pele pH ea mokelikeli o futsanehileng oa cyanide ho> 7. eketsa letsoai le lenyenyane, sebelisa graphite e le anode le titanium poleiti e le cathode, 'me sebelisa alkaline koporo - zinki aqueous tharollo e le electrolyte. Ha motlakase o tobileng o feta, koporo ea tšepe le zinki li hlahisoa ka har'a cathode, 'me haedrojene e boetse e hlahisoa. Ho anode, CN⁻ e kenngoa ka oxidized ho CNO⁻, CO₂, N₂, 'me Cl⁻ e kenngoa ho Cl₂,' me Cl₂ e kenya tharollo ho hlahisa HClO.

6.Mokhoa oa Oxidation oa Microbial

• Mokhoa ona o sebelisa lik'hemik'hale tsa likokoana-hloko ho bola li-cyanide, thiocyanate le iron-cyanide, 'me o hlahisa ammonia, carbon dioxide le sulfate, kapa hydrolyzing cyanide hore e be formamide. Ka nako e ts'oanang, libaktheria li adsorb li-ion tsa tšepe tse boima, li etsa hore li oe le biofilm ebe li tlosoa.

• Tšobotsi ea Bohlokoa: Thempereichara e hloka ho bolokoa ka holimo ho 10℃ ka linako tsohle ho boloka sekhahla se loketseng sa ho tlosa cyanide.

Mekhoa ea ho tsosolosa (Ho tsosolosa).

1.Mokhoa oa Acidification

• Molao-motheo o ka sehloohong oa mokhoa ona ke ho eketsa sulfuric acid metsing a litšila a nang le cyanide, ho fetola pH ho hoo e ka bang 1.5. ebe o fetolela CN⁻ ho HCN. Khase e phonyohileng ea HCN e kenngoa ka har'a mohatelli 'me e monngoa ke motsoako oa alkaline (sodium hydroxide kapa calcium hydroxide solution) ho fumana motsoako oa 20% - 30% oa cyanide, o ka sebelisoang hape.

• le menyetla: Ts'ebetso ena e ka eketsa ho hlaphoheloa ha li-cyanides, ea ntlafatsa sekhahla sa tšebeliso e sebetsang ea li-cyanides, le ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa tlhahiso.

• go tlhoka mesola: Theko ea nako e le 'ngoe ea matsete e kholo, phallo ea ts'ebetso e rarahane, 'me ho thata hore mokelikeli o setseng o hloekisitsoeng o nang le cyanide o finyelle litekanyetso tsa ho tsoa.

Mokhoa oa 2.Ion Exchange

• Ha ho phekoloa mokelikeli o futsanehileng oa cyanide, li-resin tsa phapanyetsano ea ion li ka sebelisoa ho matlafatsa li-cyanide.

3.Adsorption Mokhoa

• Adsorption ea Carbon e kentsoeng: Ho monya ha E entsoe ka Carbon Haholo-holo e itšetlehile ka masoba a eona a mangata a ka hare le sebaka se seholo se ikhethileng sa bokaholimo. Ts'ebetso ea ho monya e kenyelletsa ho monya ha 'mele le ho monya ha lik'hemik'hale. Ho tlosoa ha cyanide ho na le litsela tse tharo: oxidation, hydrolysis, le stripping. Ts'ebetso e ka sehloohong ke karabelo ea ho bola ha oxidative ea cyanides metsing a litšila a nang le cyanide ka hydrogen peroxide holim'a carbon e sebetsang.

4.Solvent Extraction Method

• Litlhapi li sebelisoa ho ntša metsoako ea bohlokoa le li-cyanide mokelikeli o futsanehileng oa cyanide.

5.Mokelikeli Membrane Mokhoa

• Ha ho phekoloa metsi a futsanehileng a cyanide, tsamaiso ea oli - ka - metsi e sebelisoa haholo-holo. Molao-motheo oa mantlha ke: ea pele, acidify metsi a litšila a nang le cyanide ho fetolela li-ion tsa cyanide tse ho eona hore e be HCN. HCN e feta ka har'a lera la mokelikeli oa oli-mohato ho ea karolong e ka hare ea metsi ebe e kopana le NaOH ho hlahisa NaCN.

6.Electrodialysis Mokgwa

• Mokhoa ona o sebelisa sebaka sa motlakase ho tsamaisa phallo ea li-ion ka li-membrane tsa ion ho fihlela karohano le ho hlaphoheloa ha lintho.

Thuto ea Teko ka Mokelikeli o Mobe oa Moepo oa Khauta oa Cyanide

Semelo sa Teko

Mokelikeli o futsanehileng oa cyanide oa morafo o itseng oa khauta o na le kakaretso e phahameng haholo ea cyanide, e fihlang ho 13000mg/L. Cyanide e phahameng joalo - e nang le metsi a litšila e baka tšokelo e kholo tikolohong mme e hloka kalafo e sebetsang.

Mekhoa ea Teko

1.H₂O₂ + CloO₂ + C Adsorption Mokhoa

• Ka mokhoa ona, hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) le chlorine dioxide (ClO₂) li sebelisoa pele e le li-oxidants ho oxidize cyanides ka cyanide - mokelikeli o fokolang. Ka mor'a moo, adsorption e entsoeng ka carbon (C) e etsoa ho tsoela pele ho tlosa litšila tse setseng.

2.Three - Stage Oxidation (H₂O₂ + Catalyst “M”) + Chlorination Aeration + C Adsorption Method

• Boraro - Stage Oxidation: Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) le "M" e khethehileng ea "M" e sebelisoa bakeng sa ho hlahisa likhahla tse tharo. Sena ke ho etsa bonnete ba hore ho na le oxidation e phethahetseng ea metsoako e fapaneng ea cyanide, ho kenyelletsa le li-cyanide tse rarahaneng.

• Chlorination Aeration: Ka mor'a mehato e meraro ea oxidation, chlorination aeration e etsoa. Chlorine e kenngoa ka har'a mokelikeli ha e ntse e fofa, e ka eketsang oxidize lintho tse setseng tse amanang le cyanide le litšila tse ling tse fokotsehang.

• C Adsorption: Qetellong, adsorption ea khabone e sebelisitsoeng e sebelisoa ho hohela litšila tse setseng tse entsoeng hantle le masala afe kapa afe a amanang le cyanide ho fihlela sepheo sa ho hloekisa cyanide - mokelikeli o fokolang.

Liphetho tsa Teko le Papiso

1.H₂O₂ + CloO₂ + C Adsorption Mokhoa

• Mokhoa ona o fihletse tekanyo e itseng ea ho tlosoa ha cyanide, empa kakaretso ea ho qetela ea cyanide mokelikeli o hloekisitsoeng e ne e ntse e le holimo, e hlōleha ho finyella litekanyetso tse tiileng tsa naha.

2.Three - Stage Oxidation (H₂O₂ + Catalyst “M”) + Chlorination Aeration + C Adsorption Method

• Mokhoa ona o bontšitse litholoana tse khotsofatsang haholoanyane. Likahare tsa ho qetela tsa cyanide li fokotsehile ho 0.44mg / L, tse finyellang litekanyetso tsa naha tsa ho tsoa. Ho feta moo, litaba tsa tšepe tse ling tse boima le tsona li ile tsa kopana le litlhoko tsa maemo a naha tse amehang.

• Litšenyehelo - Ka katleho: Ho ea ka litšenyehelo, le hoja ts'ebetso ea oxidation ea mekhahlelo e meraro e nang le ts'ebetso le chlorination aeration e eketsehileng e hloka ts'ebetso e rarahaneng le ho sebelisa li-catalyst tse itseng le chlorine, ka kakaretso, ha li bapisoa le mekhoa e meng e rarahaneng kapa e theko e boima haholo, litšenyehelo li batla li utloahala. E khona ho alafa cyanide e phahameng - mokelikeli o fokolang ha e ntse e laola litšenyehelo ka har'a mefuta e amohelehang.

fihlela qeto e

Phekolo ea cyanide - mokelikeli o fokolang merafong ea khauta ke mosebetsi o rarahaneng empa o bohlokoa. Ka boithuto ba liteko ka cyanide - mokelikeli o fokolang oa morafo o itseng oa khauta, ho ka bonoa hore mekhoa e fapaneng ea kalafo e na le melemo le bofokoli ba eona. The three- stage oxidation (H₂O₂ + catalyst “M”) + chlorination aeration + C adsorption method e bonts’a litlamorao tse batlang li nepahetse tsa kalafo le litšenyehelo - katleho bakeng sa cyanide - mokelikeli o fokolang o nang le kakaretso e phahameng ea cyanide morafong ona oa khauta. Leha ho le joalo, liphuputso tse tsoelang pele le ntlafatso li ntse li hlokahala nakong e tlang ho hlahisa mekhoa ea phekolo e sebetsang hantle, e theko e tlaase, le e baballang tikoloho ho finyella litlhoko tsa tšireletso ea tikoloho le tsoelo-pele e tsitsitseng indastering ea merafo ea khauta.