Mokhoa oa Tlhahiso oa ho Phekola Metsi a litšila a Sodium Cyanide ka Hydrogen Peroxide

Selelekela

Sodium cyanide ke k'hemik'hale e chefo haholo e sebelisoang haholo liindastering tse kang tsa merafo, electroplating, le metsoako ea lik'hemik'hale. Leha ho le joalo, metsi a litšila a hlahisoang ke lits'ebetso tsena a na le cyanide e ngata haholo, e leng kotsi e kholo tikolohong le bophelong ba batho haeba e sa tšoaroe hantle. Phekolo ea hydrogen peroxide e hlahile e le mokhoa o sebetsang le o batlang o bolokehile bakeng sa ho sebetsana le ona - sodium cyanide - e nang le metsi a litšila. Sengoliloeng sena se bua ka mokhoa oa tlhahiso ea tšebeliso haedrojene Peroxide ho hloekisa metsi a joalo a litšila, ho akaretsa lintlha tse tsoang ho melao-motheo ea karabelo ho isa lits'ebetsong tsa 'nete tsa ts'ebetso.

Melao-motheo ea Boitšoaro

Oxidation ea Cyanide ka Hydrogen Peroxide

Boitšoaro pakeng tsa hydrogen peroxide le Sodium cyanide ke mokhoa oa ho fokotsa oxidation. Ka tharollo e nang le metsi, hydrogen peroxide e sebetsa e le moemeli oa oxidizing. E oxidize ion ea cyanide hore e be lintho tse chefo tse batlang li fokola. Tlas'a maemo a loketseng, hydrogen peroxide e senya maqhama a matla ka har'a ion ea cyanide. The carbon in cyanide e oxidized ho boemo bo phahameng ba oxidation, ho etsa ion e seng kotsi, 'me naetrojene e lokolloa e le khase. Karabelo ena e bohlokoa kaha e fokotsa haholo chefo ea metsi a litšila.

Karolo ea Li-Catalyst (Ha ho boikhethelo)

Maemong a mang, li-catalysts li ka eketsoa ho potlakisa karabelo lipakeng tsa hydrogen peroxide le cyanide. Ka mohlala, li-ion tse ling tsa tšepe tsa phetoho li ka sebetsa e le li-catalyst tsamaisong ea karabelo e tšoanang le ea Fenton. Li-catalyst li theola mokoallo oa matla oa karabelo, li lumella oxidation ea cyanide ho etsahala ka potlako mocheso o tlase le ts'ebeliso e nyane ea hydrogen peroxide. Leha ho le joalo, ha u sebelisa li-catalyst, lintlha tse kang palo ea catalyst e kentsoeng, taolo ea pH, le tšilafalo e ka 'nang ea e-ba teng ho tloha masala a li-catalyst li hloka ho nahanoa ka hloko.

Phallo ea Ts'ebetso ho Ts'ebetso ea Tlhahiso

Tlhokomelo ea metsi a litšila esale pele

Pele ho kalafo ea hydrogen peroxide, the sodium cyanide - e nang le metsi a litšila hangata e hloka ho hloekisoa esale pele. Mohato ona o ikemiselitse ho fetola pH ea metsi a litšila hore e be sebaka se loketseng. Ka tloaelo, pH e fetoloa ho boemo ba alkaline hanyane, ho pota 8 - 10. Sena ke hobane Karabelo ea Oxidation pakeng tsa hydrogen peroxide le cyanide e sebetsa hantle haholoanyane tikolohong ea alkaline. Ho feta moo, phekolo ea pele e ka kenyelletsa ho tlosa litšila tse boholo bo boholo, lintho tse tiileng tse emisitsoeng, le lintho tse ling tse ka sitisang mokhoa o latelang oa phekolo. Mekhoa ea ho sefa joalo ka li-filters tsa lehlabathe kapa li-membrane filters li ka sebelisoa molemong ona.

Ho eketsoa ha hydrogen peroxide

Selekanyo se se tshwanetseng sa hydrogen peroxide go tswa foo se tsenngwa mo metsing a a leswe a a seng a ntshitswe. Tekanyo ea hydrogen peroxide e khethoa ho latela bongata ba cyanide metsing a litšila. Ka kakaretso, lipalo li etsoa pele ho latela karabelo ea lik'hemik'hale. Empa tlhahisong ea 'nete, hangata hydrogen peroxide e eketsoa ho etsa bonnete ba hore oxidation e felletseng ea cyanide. Khatello ea hydrogen peroxide e sebelisoang lits'ebetsong tsa indasteri hangata e maemong a 30% - 50%. Ho eketsoa ha hydrogen peroxide ho ka finyelloa ka lipompo tsa metering, tse ka laolang ka nepo sekhahla sa phallo le bongata ba hydrogen peroxide e kenang kahare. Phekolo ea metsi a litšila tanka.

Boitšoaro le Ho kopanya

Ka mor'a ho eketsa hydrogen peroxide, metsi a litšila a lokela ho tsoakoa ka ho feletseng ho netefatsa hore ho na le kamano pakeng tsa hydrogen peroxide le cyanide. Ho kopanya ho ka finyelloa ka ho sebelisa li-agitator tsa mechine, li-mixers tse tsamaisoang ke moea, kapa motsoako oa bobeli. Nako ea karabelo e fapana ho latela lintlha tse joalo ka khatello ea pele ea cyanide, mocheso le boteng ba li-catalysts. Ka kakaretso, nako ea ho arabela e ka tloha ho lihora tse 'maloa ho isa ho lihora tse leshome le metso e' meli. Nakong ena, mocheso oa karabelo le oona ke ntlha ea bohlokoa. Le hoja karabelo e ka etsahala mocheso oa kamore, ho eketsa mocheso ka har'a mefuta e itseng (hangata e sa feteng 50 ° C) ho ka potlakisa lebelo la ho arabela. Leha ho le joalo, mocheso o phahameng haholo o ka baka ho bola ha hydrogen peroxide, ho fokotsa katleho ea eona ho alafang cyanide.

Kalafo ea poso

Hang ha karabelo e phethiloe, mehato ea ka mor'a - phekolo ea hlokahala. E 'ngoe ea likarolo tsa bohlokoa tsa poso - mehato ea kalafo ke ho tlosa masala a hydrogen peroxide. Hydrogen peroxide e feteletseng metsing a litšila a hloekisitsoeng e ka ba kotsi tikolohong 'me e ka boela ea kena-kenana le mekhoa e latelang ea phekolo ea likokoana-hloko haeba metsi a litšila a tla hloekisoa ho ea pele tsamaisong ea phekolo ea likokoana-hloko. Masala a hydrogen peroxide a ka bola ka ho eketsa lisebelisoa tse fokotsang joalo ka sodium sulfite kapa ka ho sebelisa mekhoa ea ho bola. Ka mor'a hore ho tlosoe masala a hydrogen peroxide, metsi a litšila a hloekisitsoeng a be a tiile - karohano ea metsi ho tlosa li-precipitates leha e le life kapa lintho tse tiileng tse entsoeng nakong ea phekolo. Litanka tsa sedimentation, lisebelisoa tsa ho phaphamala, kapa likarolo tsa ho hloekisa li ka sebelisoa bakeng sa sena. Qetellong, metsi a litšila a hloekisitsoeng a hlahlojoa ho hlahloba hore na mahloriso a cyanide a kopana le litekanyetso tse loketseng tsa ho ntša metsi.

Lintlha Tse ka Sehloohong Tse Amang Kalafo e Atlehang

boleng ba pH

Joalokaha ho boletsoe pejana, boleng ba pH ba metsi a litšila bo na le tšusumetso e kholo ho sebetsa hantle ha hydrogen peroxide. Sebakeng se nang le asiti, hydrogen peroxide e ka bola kapele ho ba metsi le oksijene, e fokotsa matla a eona a ho oxidize cyanide. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, tikolohong e nang le alkaline e ngata, sekhahla sa karabelo lipakeng tsa hydrogen peroxide le cyanide le sona se ka ameha. Boemo bo nepahetseng ba pH bakeng sa karabelo pakeng tsa hydrogen peroxide le cyanide hangata ke ho pota 8 - 10. moo karabelo e ka tsoelang pele hantle le ho bola ha hydrogen peroxide ho fokotsehile.

mocheso

Mocheso o bapala karolo ea bohlokoa lebelong la ho arabela. Ho eketseha ha mocheso ka kakaretso ho potlakisa karabelo lipakeng tsa hydrogen peroxide le cyanide. Leha ho le joalo, ha mocheso o ntse o phahama, ho bola ha hydrogen peroxide le hona ho ba bohlokoa haholoanyane. Ha mocheso o feta 50°C, ho bola ha hydrogen peroxide ho ka potlaka hoo ho ka fokotsang tekanyo ea hydrogen peroxide e fumanehang bakeng sa oxidizing cyanide. Ka hona, ka tlhahiso e sebetsang, mocheso o hloka ho laoloa ka hloko ka har'a sebaka se lekaneng ho leka-lekanya lebelo la ho arabela le botsitso ba hydrogen peroxide.

Tšebeliso ea cyanide le hydrogen peroxide

Motsoako oa pele oa cyanide metsing a litšila o etsa qeto ea hore na hydrogen peroxide e kae e hlokahalang bakeng sa oxidation e felletseng. Metsoako e phahameng ea cyanide e hloka hydrogen peroxide e eketsehileng. Haeba tekanyo ea hydrogen peroxide e sa lekana, oxidation ea cyanide e tla be e sa fella, e leng se etsang hore ho be le metsi a litšila a hloekisitsoeng a sa finyelle litekanyetso. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, ho eketsa hydrogen peroxide e ngata haholo ha ho ekelle litšenyehelo tsa kalafo feela empa hape ho hloka hore poso e rarahane - kalafo ho tlosa ho feteletseng. Ka hona, ho tseba hantle hore na motsoako oa cyanide o teng metsing a litšila le ho lokisa litekanyetso tsa hydrogen peroxide ka nepo ho bohlokoa bakeng sa kalafo e sebetsang.

Taba ea Boithuto Lefapheng la Merafo

Ts'ebetsong ea merafo ea khauta, palo e kholo ea sodium cyanide e sebelisoa ts'ebetsong ea ho ntšoa ha khauta, e hlahisang bongata bo boholo ba cyanide - e nang le metsi a litšila. Morafo o ile oa amohela mokhoa oa phekolo o thehiloeng ho hydrogen peroxide. Ea pele, metsi a litšila a ne a bokelloa ka tanka e khōlō ea polokelo. PH ea metsi a litšila e fetotsoe ho 9 ho sebelisoa lime. Joale, 35% ea hydrogen peroxide e ile ea kenngoa metsing a litšila ka pompo ea metering. Chelete ea ho eketsoa e ne e baloa ho ipapisitsoe le bongata ba cyanide metsing a litšila, ka ho fetella hanyane ho netefatsa hore oxidation e felletseng.

Metsi a litšila a ne a tsoakoa ho sebelisoa mochini o futhumatsang lihora tse 8. Nakong ena, mocheso oa tsamaiso ea karabelo o ne o bolokiloe hoo e ka bang 35 ° C ka mokhoa o pholileng le oa ho futhumatsa. Ka mor'a karabelo, sodium sulfite e ile ea eketsoa ho senya masala a hydrogen peroxide. Joale metsi a litšila a hloekisitsoeng a ne a romelloa ka tanka ea sedimentation bakeng sa karohano e tiileng - metsi. The supernatant e ile ea hlahlojoa, 'me liphetho li bontšitse hore mahloriso a cyanide metsing a litšila a hloekisitsoeng a fokotsehile ho tloha boleng ba pele ba 500 mg / L ho ea ho tlase ho 0.5 mg / L, ho finyella litekanyetso tsa sebaka sa tikoloho. Nyeoe ena e bonts'a katleho ea ts'ebetso ea kalafo ea hydrogen peroxide sebakeng sa 'nete sa indasteri ea lefats'e.

fihlela qeto e

Phekolo ea hydrogen peroxide Metsi a litšila a sodium cyanide ke mokhoa o sebetsang le o sebetsang tlhahisong ea indasteri. Ka ho utloisisa melao-motheo ea karabelo, ho ntlafatsa phallo ea ts'ebetso, le ho laola lintlha tsa bohlokoa joalo ka pH, mocheso, le litekanyetso tsa reagent, kalafo ea boleng bo holimo ea cyanide - e nang le metsi a litšila e ka fihlelleha. Leha ho le joalo, tlhokomelo e tsoelang pele le ho lokisoa lia hlokahala nakong ea ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso ho netefatsa katleho e tsitsitseng ea phekolo le ho latela melao ea tikoloho. Ha litlhoko tsa tikoloho li ntse li thatafala le ho feta, mokhoa oa kalafo oa hydrogen peroxide bakeng sa metsi a litšila a sodium cyanide o lebelletsoe ho bapala karolo ea bohlokoa le ho feta ho sireletseng tikoloho ea tikoloho.