Likotsi Tsa Mosebetsing le Likopo tsa Sodium Cyanide: Tlhaloso e Feletseng

Sodium cyanide, motsoako o chefo haholo, o baka likotsi tse kholo ho basebetsi ba liindasteri tse sa tšoaneng ka lebaka la bokhoni ba oona ba ho chefo mosebetsing. Sengoliloeng sena se shebana le mekhoa ea chefo, litsela tsa ho pepeseha, le mefuta e fapaneng ea ts'ebeliso ea Sodium cyanide, ho totobatsa tlhokahalo ea mehato e thata ea tšireletso libakeng tsa mosebetsi moo k'hemik'hale ena e sebelisoang teng.

Ho utloisisa Chefo ea Sodium Cyanide

Sodium cyanide e kotsi haholo ka lebaka la bokhoni ba eona ba ho lokolla li-ion tsa cyanide 'meleng, tse ka lebisang litlamorao tse mpe tsa bophelo bo botle. Liphello tsa toxicological ea sodium cyanide e bakoa ke tšebelisano ea eona le cytochrome oxidase, enzyme ea bohlokoa ts'ebetsong ea ho hema ha lisele. Ha cyanide e kena 'meleng, e tlama ho tšepe (Fe3 +) ka cytochrome oxidase, e thibelang mosebetsi oa eona. Tšitiso ena e thibela phetisetso ea lielektrone ka ketane ea phefumoloho, e lebisang ho intracellular asphyxiation le hypoxia ea lisele tse latelang. Phello ke ho qaleha ka potlako ha chefo, e ka bolaeang haeba e sa phekoloe hang-hang.

Oral lethal dose ea Sodium cyanide e tlase ka mokhoa o tšosang, e hakanngoa ho hoo e ka bang limiligrama tse 1 ho isa ho tse 2 bakeng sa motho e moholo. Pono ena e totobatsa tlhoko ea bohlokoa ea tlhokomeliso le mehato ea thibelo libakeng tseo sodium cyanide e leng teng.

Litsela tsa Pontšo

Ho pepeseha ha sodium cyanide mosebetsing ho ka etsahala ka litsela tse 'maloa:

• Inhalation: Basebetsi ba ka hema lerole kapa mouoane oa sodium cyanide, haholo-holo nakong ea ts'ebetso ea kalafo ea mocheso. Tsela ea ho hema ke tsela e ka sehloohong ea ho kena ha ntho ena e chefo 'meleng.

• Ho monya letlalo: Sodium cyanide e ka boela ea monngoa ka letlalo, haholo-holo haeba ho na le maqeba kapa maqeba. Tsela ena ea ho pepeseha hangata ha e khelloe empa e ka ba ea bohlokoa maemong a indasteri.

• Ho kenella: Leha ho sa tloaelehe haholo, ho kenngoa ka phoso ha sodium cyanide ho ka etsahala, haholo-holo libakeng tseo ho tsona lijo le lino li jeoang haufi le libaka tse silafetseng.

Lisebelisoa tsa Indasteri tsa Sodium Cyanide

Leha e na le chefo, sodium cyanide e sebelisoa haholo liindastering tse fapaneng ka lebaka la katleho ea eona lits'ebetsong tse ikhethileng. Tse ling tsa lisebelisoa tsa mantlha li kenyelletsa:

• Hydrometallurgy: Sodium cyanide e sebelisoa haholo ha ho ntšoa khauta le silevera ho ores. Ts'ebetso ea cyanidation e kenyelletsa ho qhibiliha tšepe ka har'a tharollo ea cyanide, e leng ho lumellang ho hlaphoheloa hantle ha litšepe tsa bohlokoa.

• Electroplating: ka electroplating indasteri, sodium cyanide e sebetsa e le karolo ea bohlokoa ho tharollo ea electroplating. E thusa ho ntlafatsa boleng le ho tšoarella ha liaparo tsa tšepe.

• Ho tima Metal: Sodium cyanide e sebelisoa Ho tima Metal lits'ebetso, moo e thusang ho pholisa ka potlako ha litšepe ho matlafatsa ho thatafala le matla a tsona.

• Ho Etsa Likokoana-hloko: Motsoako ona o boetse o sebelisoa tlhahisong ea chefo e itseng, e totobatsang karolo ea eona ts'ebetsong ea temo.

• Organic Synthesis le Liindasteri tsa Lik'hemik'hale: Sodium cyanide ke reagent ea bohlokoa Tlhaho ea Organic, ho nolofatsa tlhahiso ea metsoako e sa tšoaneng ea lik'hemik'hale.

Mehato ea Tšireletso le Melao

Ka lebaka la chefo e phahameng ea sodium cyanide, ho bohlokoa ho liindasteri tse sebelisang motsoako ona ho kenya tšebetsong melaoana e thata ea polokeho. Mehato ea bohlokoa e kenyelletsa:

• Lisebelisoa tsa Ts'ireletso ea Botho (PPE): Basebetsi ba lokela ho hlomelloa ka PPE e nepahetseng, ho kenyeletsoa liatlana, limaske, le liaparo tse sireletsang, ho fokotsa ho pepeseha.

• Sistimi ea Ventilation: Ho kenya moea o lekaneng libakeng tsa mosebetsi ho ka thusa ho fokotsa bongata ba sodium cyanide e tsamaisoang ke moea, ho fokotsa kotsi ea ho hema.

• Koetliso le Tlhokomeliso: Likopano tsa kamehla tsa koetliso li lokela ho etsoa ho ruta basebetsi ka likotsi tsa sodium cyanide, mekhoa e sireletsehileng ea ho tšoara, le mekhoa ea ho arabela maemong a tšohanyetso.

• Merero ea Karabelo ea Tšohanyetso: Liindasteri li tlameha ho ba le meralo e hlakileng ea karabelo ea maemo a tšohanyetso ho sebetsana le liketsahalo tse ka bang teng tsa ho pepeseha, ho kenyelletsa le phihlello ea li-antidote tse kang hydroxocobalamin kapa sodium thiosulfate.

• Tlhokomelo le Tumellano: Ho beha leihlo khafetsa maemo a sodium cyanide mosebetsing, hammoho le ho latela melao ea polokeho ea mosebetsi, ho bohlokoa ho netefatsa tikoloho e bolokehileng ea ts'ebetso.

fihlela qeto e

Sodium cyanide ke k'hemik'hale e matla le e feto-fetohang e bapalang karolo ea bohlokoa lits'ebetsong tse fapaneng tsa indasteri. Leha ho le joalo, chefo ea eona e phahameng e hloka kutloisiso e felletseng ea likotsi tse amanang le tsona le ho kengoa tšebetsong ha mehato e matla ea polokeho. Ka ho etelletsa pele polokeho ea basebetsi le ho latela tataiso ea taolo, liindasteri li ka fokotsa likotsi tse hlahisoang ke sodium cyanide ha li ntse li tsoela pele ho rua molemo lits'ebetsong tsa eona. Ha tlhokomeliso ea likotsi tsa mosebetsi e ntse e eketseha, ke habohlokoa hore bahiri le basebetsi ka ho tšoanang ba lule ba falimehile boitekong ba bona ba ho thibela chefo le ho netefatsa tikoloho e sireletsehileng ea mosebetsi.