Tseba ts'ebeliso ea li-reagents tsa flotation: ntlafatsa ho nepahala ha tlhahlobo ea sebopeho sa liminerale

Masimong a Ts'ebetso ea liminerale le tlhahlobo ea jeoloji, tšebeliso e nepahetseng ea Li-reagents tsa flotation e bohlokoa bakeng sa ho lemoha ka nepo metsoako ea liminerale. Flotation ke ts'ebetso e sebelisoang haholo ea physicochemical bakeng sa karohano ea liminerale le ho ntlafatsa, e itšetlehileng ka phapang ea thepa ea fisiks ea libaka tsa liminerale. Ka ho kenyelletsa li-reagents, hydrophilicity kapa hydrophobicity ea bokaholimo ba liminerale bo ka fetoloa, e leng ho nolofalletsang ho aroloa ha liminerale tse lebisitsoeng ho tsoa ho gangue.

Sengoliloeng sena se tla hlahisa letoto la malebela a sebetsang a ts'ebetso ho thusa litsebi tsa laboratori le lienjiniere tsa merafo ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea ho phaphamala, ho ntlafatsa ho nepahala le ho pheta-pheta ha liphetho tsa liteko.

Taba ea pele, ha re qaleng ka mefuta ea mantlha ea li-reagents tsa flotation -Bokelli, Barab'eso, 'me Liphetoho. Reagent ka 'ngoe e bapala karolo e ikhethang ts'ebetsong ea ho phaphamala. Babokelli ba ntlafatsa hydrophobicity ea liminerale, ba khothalletsa ho khomarela ha bona ho li-bubble tsa moea; li-frothers li thusa ho tsitsisa lera la foam, ho lumella liminerale tse ruisitsoeng hore li arohane habonolo le slurry; li-modifiers li sebelisetsoa ho lokisa pH kapa matla a ionic a slurry, ho theha maemo a nepahetseng bakeng sa ho phalla ha liminerale.

Ka tsoelo-pele e tsoelang pele ea theknoloji, mefuta le ts'ebeliso ea li-reagents tsa flotation li ntse li eketseha. Khetho e nepahetseng le tšebeliso ea li-reagents tsena li ke ke tsa ntlafatsa feela Pholiso ea liminerale litefiso le limaraka empa hape li tlisa melemo e meholo mabapi le ts'ireletso ea tikoloho le taolo ea litšenyehelo.

Mokhoa oa ho sebelisa li-reagents tsa Flotation ka nepo?

Mefuta ea li-reagents

Mefuta ea li-reagents tse sebelisoang limela tsa flotation li itšetlehile ka lintlha tse kang thepa ea ore, phallo ea ts'ebetso, le palo ea lihlahisoa tsa liminerale tse lakatsehang. Ka kakaretso, li khethoa ka liteko tsa ore selectivity kapa liteko tsa semi-indasteri.

Li-reagents li ka aroloa ka bongata ka mefuta e meraro e meholo ho latela mesebetsi ea tsona:

1. Barab'abo: Li-surfactants tsa tlhaho tse ajoang sebakeng sa moea oa metsi. Li sebelisetsoa ho hlahisa lehloa le ka phaphametseng liminerale. Li-frothers tse tloaelehileng li kenyelletsa oli ea phaene, cresylic acid le joala.

2. Babokelli: Mosebetsi oa bona ke ho hapa liminerale tse shebiloeng, ho fetola hydrophobicity ea bokaholimo ba liminerale ho lumella likaroloana tse phaphametseng tsa liminerale hore li khomarele libubble tsa moea. Ho latela tlhaho ea bona, babokelli ba ka aroloa ka babokelli bao e seng ba polar, babokelli ba anionic, le babokelli ba cationic. Babokelli ba tloaelehileng ba kenyelletsa meriana e ntšo, meriana e mosehla, meriana e tšoeu, mafura a mafura, li-amine tse mafura, le oli ea diminerale.

3. Liphetoho: Li-modifiers li kenyelletsa li-activator le inhibitors, tse fetolang thepa ea bokaholimo ba liminerale, tse susumetsang tšebelisano lipakeng tsa liminerale le ba bokellang. Liphetoho li boetse li kenyelletsa lisebelisoa tse sebelisetsoang ho fetola likarolo tsa lik'hemik'hale kapa tsa electrochemical tsa sebaka se nang le metsi, joalo ka lisebelisoa tsa pH le boemo ba babokelli. Mefuta ea li-modifiers e kenyelletsa:

• Liphetoho tsa pH: Kalaka, sodium carbonate, sulfuric acid, sulfur dioxide.

• Lisebelisoa: Copper sulfate, sodium sulfide.

• Inhibitor: Kalaka, letsoai la mali le mosehla, sodium sulfide, sulfur dioxide, sodium cyanide, zinki sulfate, potasiamo dichromate, khalase ea metsi, tannin, li-colloids tse qhibilihang, starch, li-polymers tsa maiketsetso, joalo-joalo.

• ba reng: Lisebelisoa tsa ho nosetsa, li-flotation agents, solubilizers, joalo-joalo.

Tekanyetso ea Reagent

Tekanyo ea li-reagents nakong ea flotation e tlameha ho ba e nepahetseng; chelete e sa lekaneng kapa e feteletseng e ka ama matšoao a ts'ebetso ea liminerale. Tšebeliso e feteletseng le eona e ka eketsa litšenyehelo tsa ho sebetsa.

Kamano Pakeng tsa Tekanyo ea Reagent le Lipontšo tsa Flotation:

• Tekanyo e sa lekaneng ea mokelli e ka lebisa ho hydrophobicity e sa lekaneng ea liminerale, ea fokotsa sekhahla sa ho hlaphoheloa. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, chelete e ngata haholo e ka theola boleng ba concentrate le ho rarahana ha phallo ea karohano.

• Tekanyetso e sa lekaneng ea frother e ka lebisa ho tsitsipano e fokolang ea foam, ha chelete e ngata haholo e ka baka "ts'ebetso e ngata haholo".

• Tekanyetso e nyane haholo ea activator ho ka lebisa ts'ebetsong e mpe, ha ho hongata haholo ho ka senya khetho ea mokhoa oa ho phaphamala.

• Tekanyo e sa lekaneng ea inhibitor e ka fokotsa boemo ba ho tsepamisa mohopolo, ha tekanyo e feteletseng e ka hatella liminerale tse lokelang ho phaphamala, ea fokotsa litekanyetso tsa ho hlaphoheloa.

Boitokiso ba Reagent

Li-reagents tse tiileng li tšeloa ka har'a metsi bakeng sa ho eketsa habonolo. Li-reagents tse sa keneng ka metsi tse kang moriana o mosehla, moriana o motšo oa amine, khalase ea metsi, sodium carbonate, sulfate ea koporo, le sodium sulfide li lokela ho lokisoa e le litharollo tse nang le metsi a mangata ho tloha ho 2% ho isa ho 10%. Li-reagents tse se nang metsi li hloka ho qhibiliha ka har'a mokelikeli pele li lokisoa e le tharollo ea metsi bakeng sa ho eketsoa, ​​​​joaloka ba bang ba bokellang amine ba ka kenyelletsoang ka ho toba, joalo ka oli ea No. 2, No. 31 moriana o motšo, le oleic acid. Bakeng sa li-reagents tse qhibilihang haholo tse hlokang bongata bo boholo, likhakanyo tsa ho itokisa hangata li tloha ho 10% ho isa ho 20%, joalo ka sodium sulfide, e lokiselitsoeng ho 15% nakong ea ts'ebeliso. Bakeng sa li-reagents tse sa qhibiliheng hantle, li-solvents tsa organic li ka sebelisoa ho li qhibiliha pele li li lokisa e le litharollo tse tlase haholo.

Le ho khetha Boitokisetso ba reagent Mokhoa o itšetlehile haholo ka thepa ea li-reagents, mokhoa oa ho eketsa, le mesebetsi ea bona. Reagent e tšoanang e ka ba le phapang e kholo ea litekanyetso le litlamorao ka lebaka la mekhoa e fapaneng ea ho itokisa. Ka kakaretso, mekhoa e tloaelehileng ea ho itokisa e kenyelletsa:

1. Ho lokisa tharollo ea 2% ho isa ho 10% ea metsi: Li-reagents tse ngata tse qhibilihang ka metsing li lokisoa ka tsela ena (mohlala, moriana o mosehla, sulfate ea koporo, khalase ea metsi).

2. Ho qhibiliha ka solvent: Li-reagents tse ling tse se nang metsi li ka qhibiliha ka li-solvents tse khethehileng. Ka mohlala, moriana o mosoeu ha o qhibilihe ka metsing empa o ka qhibiliha ka motsoako oa aniline oa 10% ho isa ho 20%, 'me o lokela ho sebelisoa ka mor'a ho lokisa motsoako oa aniline. Ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, moriana o motšo oa aniline ha o qhibilihe ka metsing empa o ka qhibiliha ka tharollo ea alkaline ea sodium hydroxide, kahoo tharollo ea alkaline ea sodium hydroxide e lokela ho lokisoa pele e eketsa reagent ho etsa tharollo ea meriana e ntšo ea aniline bakeng sa ho phaphamala.

3. Ho itokisetsa e le ho emisoa kapa emulsion: Bakeng sa li-reagents tse tiileng tse sa qhibiliheng hantle, li ka lokisoa e le li-emulsion bakeng sa tšebeliso. Mohlala, kalaka e na le ho qhibiliha ho tlase haholo metsing, kahoo e ka siloa hantle hore e be phofo ebe e tsoakoa le metsi ho etsa ho emisoa ha lebese (mohlala, lebese la lime), kapa e ka eketsoa ka kotloloho ka mokhoa o omileng oa phofo ka har'a leloala la bolo kapa tanka e sisinyehang.

4. Saponification: Bakeng sa babokelli ba mafura a mafura, saponification ke mokhoa o tloaelehileng haholo. Ka mohlala, ha u khetha hematite, sesepa sa saponified sa parafine le oli ea tar se sebelisoa e le 'mokelli. Ho saponify oli ea tar, hoo e ka bang 10% ea sodium carbonate e lokela ho ekeletsoa ha ho lokisoa reagent, 'me e futhumetse ho etsa tharollo ea sesepa e chesang bakeng sa ho eketsoa.

5. Kholisa: Emulsification e ka finyelloa ka ho sebelisa ultrasonic emulsification kapa mochine o susumetsang. Ka mor'a emulsification, mafura acid le diesel li ka ntlafatsa ho hasana ha tsona ka har'a slurry, ho ntlafatsa katleho ea li-reagents. Ho kenyelletsa li-emulsifying agents ho ka ntlafatsa ts'ebetso.

6. Acidization: Ha u sebelisa li-collector tsa cationic, ka lebaka la ho se qhibilihe ha tsona, li tlameha ho phekoloa pele ka hydrochloric acid kapa acetic acid pele li ka qhibiliha ka metsing bakeng sa ho phalla.

7. Mokhoa oa aerosol: Ena ke mokhoa o mocha oa ho itokisa o ntlafatsang ketso ea li-reagents. E kenyelletsa ho sebelisa sesebelisoa se khethehileng sa ho fafatsa ho etsa aerosolize li-reagents sebakeng sa moea pele u li kenya ka ho toba tanka ea flotation, ka hona e boetse e bitsoa "mokhoa oa ho phalla ha aerosol." Mokhoa ona ha o ntlafatse feela ho phaphamala ha liminerale tse molemo empa hape o fokotsa haholo ts'ebeliso ea reagent. Ka mohlala, tekanyo ea ba bokellang e ka ba karolo ea boraro feela ho ea ho karolo ea bone ea chelete e tloaelehileng, ha tekanyo e 'ngoe e ka ba karolo ea bohlano feela.

8. Phekolo ea electrochemical ea li-reagents: Hona joale ho fetisoa ka tharollo ea lik'hemik'hale tsa ho phekola li-reagents tsa flotation, tse ka fetolang boemo ba reagent, pH, le bokhoni ba redox, ka tsela eo, ho eketsa mohopolo oa likarolo tse sebetsang ka ho fetisisa, ho phahamisa mahloriso a bohlokoa bakeng sa ho etsa li-colloids, le ho ntlafatsa ho hasana ha li-reagents tse sa qhibiliheng hantle metsing.

Ka kakaretso, babokelli le li-frothers li hlohlelletsoa metsotso e 1-2, ha li-reagents tse ling, joalo ka potassium dichromate tse sebelisetsoang ho hatella karohano ea pele ea koporo, li ka hloka ho tsosoa nako e telele.

Sebaka sa Keketso ea Reagent

Ho eketsa katleho ea li-reagents tsa flotation, tloaelo e akaretsang ke ho eketsa li-agent tse fetolang, li-inhibitors, le ba bang ba bokellang (mohlala, parafine) ka leloaleng la bolo ho theha tikoloho e loketseng ea ho phaphamala kapele kamoo ho ka khonehang. Li-collectors le li-frothers hangata li eketsoa ka tanka ea pele e susumetsang ea ts'ebetso ea ho phaphamala. Haeba ho na le litanka tse peli tse susumetsang, activator e lokela ho eketsoa ka tanka ea pele, ha mokelli le mokelikeli o lokela ho kenngoa ka tanka ea bobeli. Lintlha tsa tlatsetso li fapana ho latela mesebetsi ea li-reagents mochining oa flotation. Ka mohlala, copper sulfate, moriana o mosehla, le oli ea phaene ka kakaretso li eketsoa ka tatellano e latelang: sulfate ea koporo e kenngoa bohareng ba tanka ea pele e hlohlelletsang, moriana o mosehla bohareng ba tanka ea bobeli, le oli ea phaene moo ho tsoang tanka ea bobeli e fuduhang. Ka kakaretso, limela tsa flotation li qala ka ho eketsa li-adjusters tsa pH ho tlisa slurry ho pH e nepahetseng pele e lumella mokelli le inhibitor ho sebetsa ka katleho. Ha o eketsa li-reagents, ho bohlokoa ho ela hloko taba ea li-ion tse kotsi tse bakang ho se sebetse hantle ha reagent. Ka mohlala, li-ion tsa koporo tse sebetsanang le li-ion tsa hydride li ka lebisa ho se sebetseng ha li-hydrides. Karohanong ea koporo le sebabole, haeba ho na le li-ion tse ngata tsa koporo ka tanka e susumetsang, cyanide ha ea lokela ho eketsoa ka tanka e susumetsang empa e lokela ho eketsoa ka kotloloho nakong ea ts'ebetso ea karohano ea ho phaphamala.

Reagent Addition Order

Taelo e tloaelehileng ea ho eketsoa ha reagent limela tsa flotation ke ka tsela e latelang: bakeng sa ho phaphamala ha ores e tala, e lokela ho ba li-pH adjusters, inhibitors kapa activators, frothers, le ba bokellang; bakeng sa liminerale tse 'nileng tsa thibeloa nakong flotation, taelo ke activators, babokelli, le frothers.

Mekhoa ea Keketso ea Reagent

Ka kakaretso ho na le mekhoa e 'meli ea ho eketsa li-reagents: kenyelletso e bohareng le kenyelletso e qhalakantsoeng. Khetho ea mokhoa oa ho eketsa o lokela ho nahana ka mefuta ea reagent le liketso tsa li-reagents.

1. Keketso e Bohareng: Li-reagents tse ngata li eketsoa bohareng; mohlala, ba bokellang, li-activators, le li-inhibitors li kenngoa ka litanka tse susumetsang.

2. Keketso e qhalakaneng: Li-reagents tse ling li ka kenyelletsoa ka ho toba ka tanka ea flotation, e atisang ho sebelisoa ho li-reagents tse sa tsitsang kapa tse amehang ho li-reagents tse ling. Ka mohlala, haeba li-reagents tsa flotation li baka liphello tse kotsi ho tse ling (mohlala, tšusumetso e mpe ea sodium sulfide e feteletseng ho flotation e kentsoeng), li-reagents li ka kenngoa ka ho toba mochine oa flotation.

fihlela qeto e

Ka khetho e nepahetseng, boitokiso, litekanyetso, le ho eketsoa ha li-reagents tsa flotation, ts'ebetso ea liminerale le tlhahlobo ea jeoloji e ka ntlafatsoa, ​​ea ntlafatsa ho nepahala le katleho ea liteko le litlhahlobo. Malebela ana a ts'ebetso a ikemiselitse ho thusa litsebi tsa laboratori le lienjineri tsa merafo ho sebelisa li-reagents tsa flotation betere, tse lebisang ntlafatsong ea ts'ebetso le liphetho tse tšepahalang haholoanyane.