Kameho ea Liminerale Tse Amanang le Ts'ebetso ea Cyanide Leaching

Selelekela

Cyanide leaching ke mokhoa o sebelisoang haholo ha ho ntšoa khauta le silevera ore. Leha ho le joalo, boteng ba tse fapa-fapaneng Liminerale tse Amanang ka ore e ka susumetsa haholo ts'ebetso le katleho ea ts'ebetso ena. Ho utloisisa litlamorao tsena ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ho ntlafatsa cyanide ts'ebetso ea leaching le ho ntlafatsa ho hlaphoheloa ha litšepe tsa bohlokoa.

Liminerale tsa tšepe

Pyrite

Pyrite ke tšepe e tloaelehileng - diminerale ea sulfide ka khauta - e nang le ores. Nakong ea leaching ea cyanide, ha pyrite e le ka har'a makhasi, e ka etsoa oxidized ho etsa ferrous sulfate. ferrous sulfate ena ebe e kopana le cyanide ho etsa ferrocyanate. Karabelo ena e ja chelete e ngata ea Sodium cyanide, e leng setsi sa bohlokoa sa ho tsoa ha khauta. Ho feta moo, ka ketso ea kalaka le moea, pyrite e ka boela ea fetoha sulfide e qhibilihang, sebabole sa colloidal, kapa thiosulfate. Mokhoa ona oa phetoho o sebelisa oksijene, e leng bohlokoa bakeng sa ho qhibiliha ha khauta tsamaisong ea cyanide - leaching. Ka kakaretso, sena se na le phello e mpe holim'a katleho ea khauta - leaching.

Pyrrhotite

Pyrrhotite ke diminerale e 'ngoe ea tšepe - sulfide e amang leaching ea cyanide. E sebetsana habonolo le cyanide ho hlahisa thiocyanate. Ho feta moo, ferrous sulfate e entsoeng ho tsoa ho oxidation ea eona e boetse e kopana le cyanide ho etsa ferrocyanate. Lipatlisiso li bontšitse hore pyrrhotite e ka baka ho fokotseha ho hoholo ha khauta - tekanyo ea ho qhibiliha, mohlala, ho e fokotsa ka 28.1% maemong a mang. E boetse e lebisa keketsehong e kholo ea tšebeliso ea cyanide, hangata e e eketsa ka makhetlo a mane.

Liminerale tsa Koporo

Chalcopyrite le Chalcocite

Liminerale tsa koporo joalo ka chalcopyrite le chalcocite li na le phello e hlokomelehang ho cyanide leaching. Tharollo ea cyanide e ka qhala liminerale tsa koporo, empa sekhahla sa ho qhibiliha sea fapana. Chalcopyrite e batla e tsitsitse har'a liminerale tsa koporo sulfide, ha chalcocite e sebetsa haholoanyane. Ka tharollo ea cyanide, koporo ea liminerale tsena, hangata e le sebakeng sa divalent, ha e tsitsa. Koporo e arohileng e oxidize cyanide, e fetohela ho koporo e le 'ngoe ebe e etsa li-complexes tse nang le cyanide ka har'a makhasi. Bakeng sa chalcocite, e ka baka ho fokotseha ho hoholo ha khauta - sekhahla sa ho qhibiliha, ho fihlela ho 36.81% litekong tse ling, le keketseho e leshome ea tšebeliso ea cyanide.

Malachite (Copper Oxide Mineral)

Malachite ke koporo e tloaelehileng - oxide mineral. E qhibiliha habonolo ka tharollo ea sodium - cyanide, e lebisang keketsehong e kholo ea tšebeliso ea cyanide. Karabelo pakeng tsa malachite le cyanide e sebelisa palo e kholo ea li-ion tsa cyanide. Ka lebaka leo, bobeli ba liminerale tsa koporo sulfide le copper oxide li ka ba le phello e mpe haholo ts'ebetsong ea cyanide - khauta.

Liminerale tsa Arsenic

Realgar le Orpiment

Realgar le orpiment li kotsi haholo ho leaching ea cyanide. Motsoakong o matla oa alkaline o sebelisetsoang ho qoelisoa ka cyanide, ba etsa metsoako e kang thioarsenite. Thioarsenite e khona ho itšoara ka oksijene ka tharollo ea ho etsa arsenite, e jang oksijene e ngata ka har'a mineral slurry. Hape, ha liminerale tsa arsenic li tšeloa ka har'a motsoako, filimi e entsoeng ka metsoako ea arsenic e hlaha holim'a likaroloana tsa khauta. Filimi ena e thibela ka ho toba khauta ho kopana le cyanide, e amang haholo ho qhibiliha ha khauta. Liphuputso li bontšitse hore realgar le orpiment li ka fokotsa khauta - sekhahla sa ho qhibiliha ka 41.95% le 49.90% ka ho latellana, le ho eketsa tšebeliso ea cyanide ka makhetlo a 13.8 le makhetlo a 15.0.

Arsenopyrite

Arsenopyrite ke arsenic e tloaelehileng - e nang le liminerale. Ho fapana le realgar le orpiment, arsenopyrite e batla e tsitsitse tsamaisong ea cyanide. Le hoja e na le arsenic, tlas'a maemo a tloaelehileng a cyanide - leaching, ha e robehe habonolo 'me kahoo e na le tšusumetso e nyenyane ho leaching ea cyanide ha e bapisoa le liminerale tse ling tse nang le arsenic.

Liminerale tse etellang pele

Galena le Lead Alum

Galena le lead alum ke tsona tse etellang pele - tse nang le liminerale merafong ea khauta. Galena e ka ba oxidized ho lead alum. Ka tharollo e matla ea alkaline, lead alum e ka hlahisa loto ea alkaline - letsoai la asiti, le kopanang le cyanide ka tharollo ho theha matla a sa qhibiliheng - alkaline cyanide. Palo e nyenyane ea liminerale tsa loto e hlile e ka thusa ho tsoa ha cyanide merafong ea khauta. Leha ho le joalo, bongata bo boholo ba liminerale tsa loto bo tla ama ts'ebetso ea khauta - ho tsoa ka mokhoa o nepahetseng ka ho sebelisa cyanide 'me mohlomong ho etsa lipula tse ka sitisang ts'ebetso ea leaching.

Antimony - E Nang le Liminerale

Stibnite

Stibnite ke antimony e ka sehloohong - e nang le diminerale ea sulfide. Ts'ebetsong ea cyanide - leaching, litlamorao tsa eona tse mpe li tšoana le tsa orpiment. E qhibiliha habonolo ka tharollo e matla - alkaline ho hlahisa thioantimonite, e ntan'o tšeloa oxidized ho feta antimonite. Ho feta moo, likaroloana tse mpe tsa stibnite colloidal tse ka har'a tharollo ea alkaline - cyanide li ka khomarela bokaholimo ba likaroloana tsa khauta, 'me tsa thibela khauta ho qhibiliha.

Lintho tsa Carbon

Merafo ea khauta e ka 'na ea e-ba le k'habone dintho, ho kenyeletswa le khabone e sa pheleng le khabone ya tlhaho jwalo ka humic acid. Ha dintho tsena tsa khabone di le teng, di ka monya kgauta e qhibilihisitsweng ka hara tharollo ya cyanide. Sena se fokotsa sekgahla sa ho dutla ha kgauta ka hara tharollo, e leng ketsahalo e tsejwang e le "bosholu ba kgauta." Dintho tsa khabone di qothisana lehlokoa le tshebetso ya ho ntsha kgauta e qhibilihisitsweng, e leng se lebisang tahlehelong ya ho kgutla ha kgauta.

Maano a ho Fokotsa Tšusumetso ea Liminerale Tse Amanang

Phekolo ea Pele ea Ores

• Phekolo ea Oxidation: Bakeng sa lirafshoa tse nang le tšepe - sulfide, arsenic, kapa liminerale tsa antimony, pheko ea oxidation e ka sebetsa. Oxidation e senya liminerale tsena, e lokolla khauta e kentsoeng le ho fokotsa litlamorao tsa eona tse kotsi ho cyanide leaching. Oxidation e tloaelehileng - mekhoa ea ho phekola pele e kenyelletsa ho halika, khatello ea oxidation, le bio-oxidation.

• Koporo - Pre-leaching: Tabeng ea li-ores tse nang le koporo e ngata, ho ka etsoa pre-leaching bakeng sa koporo. Ka ho tlosa koporo pele ho cyanide leaching, palo ea cyanide e jeoang ke liminerale tsa koporo e ka fokotsoa, ​​​​ka hona ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea ho tsoa ha khauta ea cyanide.

Optimization ea Cyanide - Leaching Conditions

• Ho fetola litekanyetso tsa Reagent: Ho latela mofuta le bongata ba liminerale tse amanang le tsona, palo ea cyanide le li-reagents tse ling li ka fetoloa. Ka mohlala, ha ho na le liminerale tse ngata tsa koporo, ho eketsa tekanyo ea cyanide hanyenyane ha ho laola boleng ba pH ho ka thusa ho netefatsa hore khauta e qhibiliha ka katleho.

• Ho Laola Maemo a Pulp: Ho laola khatello ea makhasi, mocheso le lebelo le sisinyehang le tsona ke tsa bohlokoa. Motsoako o nepahetseng oa makhasi a tiisa hore cyanide le oksijene li ka hasana hantle ka har'a makhasi. Ho boloka mocheso o loketseng (hangata 15 - 30 °C) ho lekanya lebelo leo khauta e qhibilihang ka lona le botsitso ba motsoako oa cyanide.

Tšebeliso ea li-additives

• Li-additives ho Thibela Liphetoho tsa Liminerale: Lisebelisoa tse kang matsoai a loto li ka sebelisoa ho thibela liminerale tse ling tse kotsi hore li se ke tsa sebetsa. Mohlala, ho eketsa lead acetate ho ka arabela ka li-ion tsa sulfide ho tloha ho senyeheng ha sebabole - e nang le liminerale, ho etsa lead e sa keneng - sulfide precipitates. Sena se fokotsa bongata ba cyanide le oksijene tse sebelisoang ke sulphur - e nang le liminerale.

• Li-Adsorbents tsa Tlholisano: Tabeng ea li-ore tse nang le lintho tse nang le khabone, ho eketsoa li-adsorbents tse hlōlisanang tse kang E entsoe ka Carbon Nakong ea ho ntša ha cyanide ho ka fokotsa phello ea "bosholu ba khauta". Khabone e sebetsang e qothisana lehlokoa le khabone e marong bakeng sa khauta e qhibilihisitsoeng, ka hona e eketsa sekhahla sa ho ntša ha khauta.

fihlela qeto e

Liminerale tse amanang le ore ea khauta le silevera li na le litlamorao tse fapaneng le tse kholo tšebetsong ea cyanide - leaching. Iron, koporo, arsenic, lead, antimony - e nang le liminerale le lintho tsa khabone kaofela li ka ama ts'ebetso ea leaching ka ho sebelisa li-reagents, ho thibela khauta ho kopana le cyanide, kapa ho monya khauta e qhibilihisitsoeng. Leha ho le joalo, ka mekhoa e nepahetseng ea kalafo, ho ntlafatsa maemo a leaching, le tšebeliso ea li-additives, litlamorao tsena tse mpe li ka fokotsoa. Sena se nolofalletsa ho ntšoa ha khauta le silevera ho tsoa ho lirafshoa tse rarahaneng, ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea moruo ea ts'ebetso ea merafo.