Ts'ebetso ea ho khutlisa Acidification ea Sodium Cyanide le Metals e Boima ho tsoa metsing a litšila

Selelekela

Metsi a litšila a nang le cyanide a hlahisoa ka mekhoa e fapaneng ea indasteri e kang merafo ea khauta, ho betla ka motlakase le tlhahiso ea lik'hemik'hale. Ka lebaka la chefo e phahameng ea cyanide , ho ntšoa ha metsi ana a litšila ka tsela e sa lokelang ho ka baka tšilafalo e mpe ea tikoloho le kotsi bophelong ba batho. Ka hona, kalafo le ho hlaphoheloa ha mehloli ea metsi a litšila a nang le cyanide e se e le litaba tsa bohlokoa. Har'a mekhoa ea kalafo, ho Fumana Asidi ea Sodium Cyanide le litšepe tse boima ke mokhoa o sebelisoang haholo le o sebetsang, o seng feela o fokotsang kotsi ea tikoloho empa hape o hlokomelang ho sebelisoa hape ha mehloli ea bohlokoa.

Molao-motheo oa ho hlaphoheloa ha asiti

Phetoho ea Cyanide ho Hydrogen Cyanide (HCN)

Ts'ebetsong ea acidification, li-acid tse matla joalo ka sulfuric acid li kenngoa metsing a litšila a nang le cyanide. Tlas'a maemo a asiti, li-ion tsa mahala tsa cyanide metsing a litšila li fetoha hydrogen cyanide (HCN). Hydrogen cyanide ke motsoako o tsitsitseng. Ha pH ea metsi a litšila e fetoloa ho boleng bo tlaase, hangata ka tlase ho 2. karabelo e ka 'na ea tsoela pele, e leng ho nolofalletsang phetoho ea li-ion tsa cyanide ho khase ea HCN.

Ho tsosolosoa ha sodium cyanide

Khase ea HCN e hlahisitsoeng e kenngoa ka har'a tora ea ho monya alkali. Ka hare ho tora, e arabela ka tharollo ea sodium hydroxide (NaOH). Ha karabelo e ntse e tsoela pele, sodium cyanide (NaCN) ea thehoa 'me ea bokellana ka har'a tharollo ea ho monya. Ha khatello ea NaCN ka har'a tharollo e fihla ho hoo e ka bang 10% - 12%, e ka sebelisoa hape le ho sebelisoa hape lits'ebetsong tse amehang tsa indasteri, joalo ka ts'ebetso ea ho ntša metsi merafong ea khauta.

Ho lokolloa le Pula ea Litšepe Tse Boima

Ntle le cyanide e sa lefelloeng, metsi a litšila a atisa ho na le lisebelisoa tsa tšepe tse boima le cyanide, tse kang tsa koporo le zinki. Tlas'a maemo a acidic, li-complexes tsena lia senyeha. Hang ha li-ion tsa heavy metal li lokolloa, li ka etsa matsoai a sa qhibiliheng le ho putlama tlas'a maemo a itseng. Mohlala, ho lokisa boleng ba pH kapa ho kenya lintho tse itseng tse bakang pula ho ka etsa hore li-ion tsa koporo li etse pula.

Mehato ea Ts'ebetso

Mohato oa 1: Tšebeliso ea metsi a litšila

Alkaline cyanide - e nang le metsi a litšila a mangata, e qala ka ho feta ka har'a mochini oa mocheso oa mouoane ho laola mocheso oa eona. Ka tloaelo, mocheso o bolokoa ka har'a mefuta e fapaneng ea 20 - 25 ° C. Taolo ena ea mocheso e thusa ho ntlafatsa sekhahla sa karabelo e latelang le ho netefatsa botsitso ba ts'ebetso. Bongata ba cyanide metsing a litšila a mangata hangata bo tloha ho 5000 - 5500 ppm, 'me boleng ba pH bo pakeng tsa 10.5 - 12.5.

Mohato oa 2: Acidification

Metsi a litšila a hloekisitsoeng pele a tšeloa ka har'a tora ea sefafatsi sa acidification ka sekhahla se itseng sa phallo, mohlala, 2 m³/h. Ka mor'a moo, sulfuric acid e kenngoa. Palo ea sulfuric acid e ekelitsoeng e fetoloa ho ea ka litšoaneleho tsa metsi a litšila, ka kakaretso 25 - 30 kg / m³, ho theola pH ea boleng ba metsi a litšila ho ea tlase ho 2. Mocheso o lokollotsoeng nakong ea ho eketsoa ha sulfuric acid o ka potlakisa karabelo, ho etsa hore ho be bonolo ho li-ion tsa cyanide tsa mahala metsing a litšila ho fetoha HCN e sa tsitsang.

Mohato oa 3: Moloko oa HCN le Karohano

Sebakeng se nang le asiti e matla ea tora ea sefafatsi sa acidification, phetoho ea cyanide ho HCN e khothaletsoa. Khase e entsoeng ka HCN e huloa ke fan ea "vacuum centrifugal" 'me e kena mothating o latelang - tora ea ho monya alkali. Ka nako e ts'oanang, ha boleng ba pH bo fokotseha, li-ion tse ling tsa tšepe tse boima metsing a litšila li qala ho fetoha. Ka mohlala, palo ea li-ion tsa koporo metsing a litšila e ka 'na ea theoha,' me litšepe tse ling tse boima li qala ho hlahisa metsi.

Mohato oa 4: Ho monya le ho hlaphoheloa ha sodium cyanide

Khase ea HCN e kena toreng ea ho monya alkali 'me e monngoa ke tharollo ea NaOH ea 20% - 30%. Mokelikeli oa ho monya alkali ka toreng o sebelisoa hape, 'me nakong ea ts'ebetso ea ho sebelisa hape, fene e sebelisoa ho netefatsa hore khase ea HCN e monngoa khafetsa. Ha karabelo ea ho monya e ntse e tsoela pele, khatello ea NaCN ka har'a mokelikeli oa ho monya e eketseha butle-butle. Ha khatello ea NaCN e fihla ho 10% - 12%, e ka khutlisetsoa ts'ebetsong ea ho ntša metsi bakeng sa ho sebelisoa hape, ka hona ho fihlella ho hlaphoheloa ha Sodium cyanide.

Mohato oa 5: Ho theoha ha tšepe e matla le ho arohana

Bakeng sa metsi a litšila ka mor'a ho lokolloa ha HCN, kaha mefuta e meng ea tšepe e boima - cyanide e senyehile tlas'a maemo a acidic, phekolo e eketsehileng e ka etsoa ho fokotsa litšepe tse boima. Ka mohlala, ho fetola boleng ba pH ba metsi a litšila ho ea ho alkaline ho ka etsa li-heavy metal hydroxides tse nang le pula. Joale, mekhoa e tiileng - ea karohano ea mokelikeli joalo ka ho tlhotla kapa ho nyenyefatsa e ka sebelisoa ho arola litšepe tse boima tse tsoang metsing a litšila, ho fihlela ho tlosoa le ho hlaphoheloa ha litšepe tse boima.

Melemo ea Mokhoa oa ho Fumana Acidification

Resource Recycling

Mokhoa oa ho khutlisa acidification o ka khutlisa sodium cyanide ho cyanide - e nang le metsi a litšila, e ka sebelisoang hape lits'ebetsong tse amehang tsa indasteri, ho fokotsa tšebeliso ea sodium cyanide e ncha le ho theola litšenyehelo tsa tlhahiso. Ka nako e ts'oanang, litšepe tse boima li ka boela tsa fumanoa, tsa fetola litšila mehloling ea bohlokoa.

Litšenyehelo - Ka katleho

Ha ho bapisoa le mekhoa e meng ea kalafo e shebaneng feela le ho senya cyanide, mokhoa oa ho khutlisa asiti ha o hloekise metsi a litšila feela empa o boetse o fumana lintho tsa bohlokoa. Le hoja e hloka ho sebelisoa ha acid le alkali, boleng ba sodium cyanide e fumanoeng le litšepe tse boima li ka fokotsa karolo ea litšenyehelo tsa phekolo, ho etsa hore phekolo ea kakaretso e be le litšenyehelo tse ngata - e sebetsang ka nako e telele.

Botsoalle ba tikoloho

Ka ho khutlisa sodium cyanide le litšepe tse boima, bongata ba litšila tse ka metsing a litšila bo fokotsehile haholo. Metsi a litšila a hloekisitsoeng a na le lintho tse fokolang tsa cyanide le lirafshoa tse boima, tse thusang haholo ho tsoa kapa ho phekoloa ho eketsehileng, ho fokotsa tšusumetso e mpe tikolohong.

Tšebeliso ho Ts'ebetso ea ho Fumana Acidification

Tšebeliso ea mokhoa oa ho khutlisa acidification bakeng sa cyanide - e nang le metsi a litšila haholo-holo e kenyelletsa sulfuric acid, caustic soda (NaOH), lime le motlakase. Mariha, hoa hlokahala ho futhumatsa metsi a litšila pele, kahoo mouoane o boetse o jeoa.

1.Tšebeliso ea Asiti

• Phetoho ea Cyanide ho ea ho HCN : Bongata ba asiti ea sulfuric bo hlokahalang ho fetola cyanide metsing a litšila hore e be HCN bo itšetlehile ka bongata ba cyanide metsing a litšila. Mohlala, ho phekola 1 m³ ea metsi a litšila ka bongata ba cyanide ba 5000 ppm, ho hlokahala bongata bo itseng ba asiti ea sulfuric bakeng sa phetoho ena.

• Ho ba le asiti Metsing a Litšila : Ntle le asiti bakeng sa phetoho ea cyanide, asiti e eketsehileng e sebelisoa ho fetola metsi a litšila ho ea boemong bo nepahetseng ba asiti. Bongata bo hlokahalang ho theola pH ho ea ka tlase ho 2 ke ntlha ea bohlokoa.

• Karabelo le Alkali Metsing a Litšila : Ho ka 'na ha e-ba le lintho tse ling tsa alkaline metsing a litšila tse arabelang le sulfuric acid, empa ka kakaretso, tšebeliso ena e nyane ha e bapisoa le bongata bo sebelisoang bakeng sa phetoho ea cyanide le ho etsa acidization.

• Karabelo le Carbonate Litšileng : Haeba thepa e tala e nang le cyanide e na le dikahare tse ngata tsa Carbon , joalo ka ha ho na le slurry e 'ngoe ea cyanide, carbonate e tla arabela le asiti ho etsa carbon dioxide. Maemong a joalo, tšebeliso ea sulfuric acid e tla eketseha haholo, 'me thepa ena e kanna ea se be ntle bakeng sa kalafo ka mokhoa oa ho hlaphoheloa ha asiti.

2. Tšebeliso ea Alkali : Caustic soda (NaOH) e sebelisoa toreng ea ho monya alkali ho monya HCN le ho theha NaCN. Palo ea NaOH e sebelisoang e amana le bongata ba HCN bo hlahisoang le bokhoni ba ho monya.

3. Tšebeliso ea Kalaka : Maemong a mang, kalaka e ka sebelisoa kalafong e latelang ea metsi a litšila, joalo ka ho fetola boleng ba pH bakeng sa pula ea tšepe e boima. Bongata ba kalaka bo hlokahalang bo itšetlehile ka mofuta le mahloriso a litšepe tse boima metsing a litšila le sebaka se hlokahalang sa tokiso ea pH.

4. Tšebeliso ea Motlakase le Mouoane : Motlakase o sebelisoa ke lisebelisoa tse kang lipompo, lifene le lifene tsa vacuum centrifugal nakong ea ts'ebetso. Mariha, ha ho futhumatsoa metsi a litšila esale pele, mouoane o sebelisoa ho phahamisa mocheso ho ea boemong bo loketseng bakeng sa karabelo.

fihlela qeto e

Mokhoa oa ho khutlisa acidification bakeng sa cyanide - e nang le metsi a litšila ho khutlisa sodium cyanide le metali e boima ke theknoloji e felletseng ea kalafo e sebetsang hantle. Ka ho latela mehato e tobileng ea ts'ebetso, e ke ke ea tlosa cyanide e chefo le litšepe tse boima feela metsing a litšila empa hape e ka sebelisa lisebelisoa tsa bohlokoa hape. Leha ho na le ts'ebeliso e itseng ea lisebelisoa le matla ts'ebetsong, ho nahanoa ka melemo ea tikoloho le moruo, e na le tebello e pharaletseng ea ts'ebeliso ea kalafo ea cyanide - e nang le metsi a litšila. Leha ho le joalo, ts'ebetsong ea 'nete, mehato e tiileng ea tšireletso e lokela ho nkoa ka lebaka la chefo ea khase ea HCN. Ka nako e ts'oanang, ts'ebetso e tsoelang pele ea mekhoa ea ts'ebetso e hlokahalang ho ntlafatsa katleho ea ho hlaphoheloa le ho fokotsa litšenyehelo.