Re Lokela ho Fumana Khauta Joang ka Sodium Cyanide?

Selelekela

Ho hlaphoheloa ha khauta ka ho sebelisa sodium cyanide ke mokhoa o amohetsoeng ka bongata indastering ea merafo le ea lirafshoa tsa bohlokoa. Cyanide e na le bokhoni bo ikhethang ba ho etsa li-complexes tse qhibilihang ka khauta, tse lumellang ho ntšoa ha khauta mehloling e fapaneng, joalo ka li-ores tsa maemo a tlase, mehatla le litšila tse itseng tsa elektroniki. Leha ho le joalo, ka lebaka la chefo e phahameng ea cyanide, ts'ebetso ena e tlameha ho etsoa ka tlhokomelo e feteletseng le ho latela ka tieo melao ea tšireletso le ea tikoloho.

Molao-motheo oa Pholiso ea Khauta ka Sodium Cyanide

Boemong ba eona ba tlhaho, hangata khauta e fumanoa e tsoakane le lirafshoa tse ling ka har'a lirafshoa. Neng Sodium cyanide e hlahisoa ho khauta - e nang le ore, ts'ebetso ea lik'hemik'hale e etsahala. Boteng ba oksijene le metsi, khauta e kopana le cyanide ho etsa motsoako o qhibilihang. Karabelo ena e qhibilihisa khauta ka har'a motsoako oa cyanide, e e arola ho liminerale tse ling tse sa qhibiliheng ka har'a ore.

Mohato - ka - Mohato oa Mohato

Tokiso ea Ore

1. Ho sila le ho sila: Mohato oa pele o kenyelletsa ho fokotsa boholo ba tšepe. Likotoana tse kholo tsa ore li qala ho pshatla likotoana tse nyane ho sebelisoa li-crusher. Ka mor'a moo, ore e sithabetseng e siloa hore e be phofo e ntle ka liloala. Sena se eketsa bokaholimo ba ore, se etsa hore ho be le kamano e ntle pakeng tsa khauta - e nang le likaroloana le motsoako oa cyanide. Ho etsa mohlala, morafong o tlwaelehileng wa kgauta, borale bo ka silwa ho isa boholo bo ka tlase ho 10 mm nakong ya mokgahlelo wa mantlha wa ho sila, mme ebe wa silwa ho isa tekanyong ya phatsa moo hoo e ka bang 80% ya dikarolwana di leng ka tlase ho di micrometer tse 75 mothating wa ho sila.

2. Pele ho kalafo (haeba ho hlokahala): Haeba ore e na le liminerale tsa sulfide kapa litšila tse ling tse ka sitisang cyanide leaching ts'ebetso, pele ho kalafo hoa hlokahala. Ka mohlala, ha ho e-na le pyrite e ngata ka har'a tšepe, e ka sebelisa oksijene le cyanide, e leng se fokotsang bokhoni ba ho ntša khauta. Maemong a joalo, ore e ka 'na ea chesoa kapa ea chesoa ke bio-oxidation. Ho halika ho kenyelletsa ho futhumatsa tšepe ka pel'a moea ho etsa oxidize liminerale tsa sulfide, athe bio-oxidation eona e sebelisa baktheria e itseng ho oxidize liminerale tsa sulfide mocheso o tlase ka mokhoa o baballang tikoloho.

Leaching

1. Tokiso ea Tharollo ea Cyanide: Tharollo e hlapollang ea Sodium cyanide e lokisitsoe. Motsoako oa tharollo ea cyanide ka kakaretso o tloha ho 0.05% ho isa ho 0.2% (w/v), ho latela litšobotsi tsa ore le bokahare ba khauta. Hangata kalaka e eketsoa mothapong oa cyanide ho lokisa pH ho isa ho 10 - 11. Tikoloho ena ea alkaline e thusa ho thibela ho etsoa ha khase e chefo ea hydrogen cyanide hape e khothalletsa ho qhibiliha ha khauta.

2. Mokhoa oa Leaching: Joale ore ea fatše e tsoakoa le motsoako oa cyanide ka har'a litanka tse kholo kapa ka har'a qubu-leaching setup. Ha tanka e tsoa, ​​motsoako oa ore - cyanide oa ferekanngoa, ebang ke ka mochini kapa ka ente ea moea, ho netefatsa kamano e ntle pakeng tsa likaroloana tse nang le khauta le cyanide, kahoo e eketsa sekhahla sa karabelo. Ka har'a leaching ea qubu, e loketseng haholo bakeng sa ore ea boemo bo tlase, tšepe e pshatlehileng e bokelloa holim'a liner e sa keneng, ebe motsoako oa cyanide o fafatsoa holim'a qubu. Tharollo e kenella ka har'a tšepe, e qhibilihisa khauta ha e ntse e tsoela pele. Ts'ebetso ea leaching e ka tšoarella kae kapa kae ho tloha lihora tse 'maloa ho isa matsatsing a' maloa, ho latela lintlha tse kang mofuta oa ore, boholo ba likaroloana le maemo a leaching.

Karohano ea Solids le Liquids

Ka mor'a ts'ebetso ea leaching, slurry e hlahisoang e na le litšila tse tiileng (tailings) le tharollo e nang le motsoako oa khauta - cyanide. Ho bohlokoa ho arola likarolo tse tiileng le tse metsi. Sena se ka finyelloa ka mekhoa e kang filtration kapa sedimentation. Ha ho hloekisoa, slurry e fetisoa ka har'a mecha ea litaba, joalo ka masela a filthara kapa li-presses. Mehatla e tiileng e bolokiloe holim'a sefa, ha tharollo e hlakileng, e tsejoang e le tharollo ea moimana, e nang le khauta e qhibilihisitsoeng, e feta. Sedimentation e kenyelletsa ho lumella likaroloana tse tiileng ho lula tlase ho tanka ka lebaka la matla a khoheli. Joale metsi a phahametseng tlhaho, e leng moimana, a ka tšolloa ka hloko.

Pholiso ea Khauta ho Tharollo ea Moimana

1. Zinc Precipitation (Merrill - Crowe Process): Mokhoa o mong o tloaelehileng oa ho khutlisa khauta ho tsoa tharollong ea moimana ke pula ea zinki. Lerōle la zinki kapa li-shavings tsa zinki li kenngoa ho tharollo. Kaha zinki e sebetsa ho feta khauta, e tlosa khauta sebakeng sa khauta - cyanide. Khauta joale e tsoa e le ntho e tiileng, hammoho le litšila tse ling. Ka mor'a karabelo, precipitate e tiileng e ea tlhotloa ebe e tsoela pele ho sebetsoa. Khauta e hlahisoang - e nang le solid e ntan'o qhibilihisoa ho fumana khauta e hloekileng.

2. Adsorption ea Khabone e kentsoeng (Khabone - ho - Pulp/CIP le Carbon - ho - Leach/CIL): Ts'ebetsong ea CIP, k'habone e kentsoeng e eketsoa ho slurry ka mor'a sethala sa leaching. Khabone e kentsoeng, e nang le sebaka se phahameng sa eona, e sebelisa motsoako oa khauta - cyanide ho tsoa tharollong. Motsoako oa carbon - khauta o aroloa ho tloha ho seretse ka ho hlahloba. Ts'ebetsong ea CIL, khabone e kentsoeng e eketsoa nakong ea ts'ebetso ea leaching ka boeona. Khabone e tletseng khauta e tlosoa tsamaisong. Khauta e ka ntšoa ka carbon ho sebelisa motsoako o matla oa cyanide kapa lisebelisoa tse ling tse ntšang. Ka mor'a ho ntšoa, khauta e ka fumanoa tharollong ea ho ntša ka mekhoa e kang electrowinning kapa pula e eketsehileng.

Ho hlakisa

Khauta e fumanoeng ka mor'a ho na kapa ho khabisoa hangata ha e hloekile, e na le litšila tse kang litšepe tse ling le tse seng tsa tšepe. Ho fumana khauta e hloekileng (hangata 99.9% kapa ho feta), mekhoa ea ho hloekisa e sebelisoa. Mokhoa o mong o tloaelehileng oa ho hloekisa ke ho hloekisa ka electrolytic. Ts'ebetsong ena, khauta e sa hloekang e behoa e le anode ka seleng ea electrolytic, 'me ho sebelisoa cathode ea khauta e hloekileng. Ho sebelisoa electrolyte e loketseng, joalo ka tharollo ea khauta ea chloride. Ha motlakase o feta ka seleng, khauta e ka har'a anode ea qhibiliha ebe e beha ka har'a cathode. Litšila li lula li le ka har'a electrolyte kapa li etsa seretse ka tlase ho sele.

Litlhokomelo tsa Polokeho le Tikoloho

1. Chefo ea Cyanide: Sodium cyanide e chefo e feteletseng. Ho hema, ho e noa, kapa ho ama letlalo ka cyanide ho ka bolaea. Litšebetso tsohle tse amanang le cyanide li tlameha ho etsoa libakeng tse nang le moea o motle, 'me basebetsi ba lokela ho apara lisebelisoa tse loketseng tsa ho itšireletsa, ho akarelletsa le lisebelisoa tsa ho hema, liatlana le liaparo tsa tšireletso. Merero ea karabelo ea ts'ohanyetso e lokela ho ba teng haeba cyanide e qhalana kapa ho pepeseha.

2. Tšusumetso ea tikoloho: Cyanide e ka ba kotsi tikolohong haeba e sa laoloe hantle. Mehatla e tsoang ho ho hlaphoheloa ha khauta ts'ebetso e ka ba le cyanide e setseng. Mehatla ena e tlameha ho bolokoa libakeng tse sireletsehileng ho thibela ho tsoa ha cyanide tikolohong. Mekhoa ea kalafo, joalo ka oxidation ea lik'hemik'hale kapa ho senyeha ha baeloji, e ka sebelisoa ho pshatla cyanide mehatleng pele e lokolloa kapa e lahloa. Ho feta moo, ho bohlokoa ho beha leihlo ka tieo mehloli ea metsi e haufi le ts'ebetso ea ho khutlisa khauta ho netefatsa hore ha ho na tšilafalo ea cyanide.

fihlela qeto e

Tšebeliso ea sodium cyanide ho khutlisa khauta ke mokhoa o rarahaneng empa o sebetsa hantle. E kenyelletsa mehato e mengata, ho tloha ho tokiso ea tšepe ho ea ho ho khutlisa le ho hloekisa khauta. Le hoja e fana ka mokhoa o phahameng oa ho ntša khauta mehloling e fapaneng, likotsi tse amanang le polokeho le tikoloho li tlameha ho laoloa ka hloko. Ka ho latela mekhoa e nepahetseng, ho sebelisa theknoloji e nepahetseng, le ho latela melaoana, indasteri ea ho khutlisa khauta e ka tsoela pele ho sebetsa ka mokhoa o tsitsitseng le o nang le boikarabelo.