Ukusetyenziswa kweSodium Cyanide njengeCopper Depressant kuMgodi weCopper-Molybdenum

intshayelelo

Kwinkqubo entsonkothileyo ye-copper-molybdenum ore beneficiation, ukwahlula okusebenzayo kobhedu kunye neeminerali ze-molybdenum kubalulekile ekwandiseni ixabiso loqoqosho lwe-ore. Isodium i-cyanide kudala isetyenziswa njengento edakumbisayo enamandla kwinkqubo yokudada ukuze inqande ngokukhetha iiminerali zobhedu, ivumela ukudada okukhethiweyo kwemolybdenum. Eli nqaku lijonge ekusetyenzisweni kwe Isodium cyanide kumgodi othile we-copper-molybdenum, ukuhlola indlela yokusebenza kwayo, ukuphunyezwa okusebenzayo, kunye nemingeni kunye nezisombululo ezinxulumene nokusetyenziswa kwayo.

Indlela yokuSebenza yeSodium Cyanide njengoMdakumba

I-sodium cyanide (NaCN) yinto esebenza kakhulu yokudambisa iiminerali zesulfide ezifana ne-chalcopyrite (intsimbi yobhedu). Kwinkqubo yokudada, Isodium cyanide iyahlukana emanzini ukukhulula i-cyanide ions (CN⁻). Ezi ion ze-cyanide zinokusabela ngee-ion zetsimbi kumphezulu weeminerali zobhedu. Ngokomzekelo, nge-chalcopyrite (CuFeS₂), i-ion cyanide inokwenza i-metal-cyanide complexes ezinzile. Impendulo inokubonakaliswa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

CuFeS₂ + 4CN⁻ → Cu(CN)₄²⁻ + FeS₂ + 2e⁻

Le mpendulo iyayinyibilikisa ngempumelelo iiyoni zobhedu kumphezulu we-chalcopyrite, zenza i-hydrophilic layer ye-copper-cyanide complexes. Ngenxa yoko, umphezulu weminerali yobhedu iba yi-hydrophobic encinci, inciphisa amandla ayo okuncamathela kumaqamza omoya kwiseli ejikelezayo. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, i-molybdenite (i-MoS₂), eyona minerali iphambili ye-molybdenum, i-inert ngokuthelekiswa ne-ion cyanide phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo zokudada. I-Molybdenite inomphezulu wendalo we-hydrophobic ngenxa yokwakheka kwayo, evumela ukuba ikwazi ukudada ngokulula ngumqokeleli kunye namaqamza omoya kwinkqubo yokudada ngelixa iiminerali zobhedu zixinezelekile. sodium cyanide.

Isifundo: Umgodi weCopper-Molybdenum

Iimpawu zeOre

Umgodi we-copper-molybdenum unomzimba we-ore kunye ne-mineralogy eyinkimbinkimbi. Iiminerali eziphambili zobhedu yi-chalcopyrite kunye ne-bornite, ngelixa i-molybdenum ikhona kakhulu njenge-molybdenite. Intsimbi ekrwada ngokuqhelekileyo iqulethe i-avareji ye-0.8% yobhedu kunye ne-0.03% ye-molybdenum. Ukwabiwa kobungakanani bamasuntswana eeminerali kukwahlukene, kukho iiminerali ezicolekileyo ezibeka imiceli mngeni yokwahlula okusebenzayo.

UkuHamba kweNkqubo yokuFaka

1.Inqanaba leSimbuku sokuFakaza

• Kwinqanaba lokuqala lenkqubo yokuphaphazela, kusetyenziswa indlela yokuhambisa isambuku. Umqokeleli onje nge-sodium isopropyl xanthate yongezwa kwi-pulp ye-ore ukudada zombini iiminerali zobhedu kunye ne-molybdenum kunye. Oku kwenza i-copper-molybdenum concentrate eninzi. Injongo yeli nqanaba kukutyebisa izimbiwa ezixabisekileyo ezivela kwiiminerali ze-ganggue.

2.Ukwahlula Inqanaba leFlotation

• Emva kweflotation isambuku, ugxininiso lwesambuku lucutshungulwa ngakumbi kwinqanaba lokwahlulwa kweflotation. I-sodium cyanide yongezwa kwi-pulp kweli nqanaba. Umlinganiselo wokongezwa kwe-sodium cyanide ilawulwa ngokucophelela ngokusekelwe kumxholo wobhedu kwi-concentrate eninzi kunye nesiphumo esifunwayo sokuhlukana. Ngokuqhelekileyo, umthamo usuka kwi-300 - 500 grams ngetoni yoxinaniso oluninzi.

• Emva koko i-pulp ifakwe kwi-series ye-conditioning tanks ukuqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa okufanayo kwe-sodium cyanide kunye nokusabela kwayo okusebenzayo kunye neeminerali zobhedu. Emva kokulungiswa, i-pulp ingena kwiiseli ezijikelezayo. Kwiiseli ezijikelezayo, iiminerali zethusi ezidakumbileyo zitshona phantsi njengemisila, ngelixa i-molybdenite idada phezu komhlaba ngoncedo lweebhubhu zomoya kwaye iqokelelwa njenge-molybdenum concentrate.

3.Amanqanaba okucoca iMolybdenum

• I-molybdenum concentrate efunyenwe kwi-flotation yokwahlukana iqhutyelwa phambili kwiinqanaba ezininzi zokucoca i-flotation. Kwezi zigaba zokucoca, ii-reagents ezongezelelweyo zingongezwa ukuphucula ngakumbi ukucoceka kwe-molybdenum concentrate. Imisila evela kumanqanaba okucoca idla ngokuphinda isetyenziswe kwakhona ibuyele kwindawo efanelekileyo kwinkqubo yokwahlula okanye yokujikeleza ngobuninzi ukuze kwandiswe ukubuyiswa kweeminerali ezixabisekileyo.

Iziphumo zeMetallurgical

1.UkuBuyiswa kweMolybdenum kunye neBanga

• Ngaphambi kokuphunyezwa kwenkqubo yokwahlula i-sodium cyanide ephuculweyo, ukubuyiswa kwe-molybdenum emgodini kwakumalunga ne-60% kunye nebakala lokugxila kwi-molybdenum malunga ne-40%. Emva kohlengahlengiso olucokisekileyo lwe-sodium cyanide dosage kunye neeparameters zenkqubo, ukubuyiswa kwe-molybdenum kuye kwanda ngaphezu kwe-75%. Umgangatho wemolybdenum concentrate nawo uphuculwe ukuya kuma-45% okanye ngaphezulu kwiimeko ezininzi.

2.I-Copper i-Depressing Effect

• Ukusetyenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide kuye kwacinezela ngokufanelekileyo iiminerali zethusi. Umxholo wobhedu kwi-concentrate yokugqibela ye-molybdenum iye yancitshiswa ukusuka malunga ne-5% ukuya ngaphantsi kwe-2%. Oku kuncitshiswa okubalulekileyo kumxholo wobhedu kwi-molybdenum concentrate ayiphuculi nje kuphela umgangatho wemveliso ye-molybdenum kodwa inciphisa iindleko zokuphucula ngakumbi i-molybdenum concentrate kwinkqubo yokunyibilikisa.

Imingeni kunye nezisombululo ekusebenziseni iSodium Cyanide

IiNkalo zokusiNgqongileyo noKhuseleko

1.Ityhefu yeSodium Cyanide

• Isodium cyanide inetyhefu kakhulu. Nakuphi na ukuvuza okanye ukuphathwa ngendlela engafanelekanga ngexesha lenkqubo yokwembiwa kwemigodi kunye nokuxhamla kunokubangela ingozi enkulu kwindalo kunye nempilo yabantu. Kwimeko yokuvuza ngengozi, ii-ion zecyanide zinokungena ngokukhawuleza emhlabeni nakwimithombo yamanzi, zibangele ungcoliseko kwaye zibeke emngciphekweni ubomi basemanzini kunye nezityalo.

2.Izisombululo

• IiProtokholi ezingqongqo zoKhuseleko: Umgodi uphumeze imigaqo yokhuseleko engqongqo yokugcina, ukuthutha, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide. Iindawo zokugcina ezikhethekileyo ezinamatanki aphindwe kabini kunye neenkqubo zokuvuza zisetyenziselwa ukugcina i-sodium cyanide. Bonke abasebenzi ababandakanyekayo ekuphatheni i-sodium cyanide kufuneka bafumane uqeqesho lokhuseleko rhoqo, kubandakanywa neenkqubo zokuphendula ngokukhawuleza xa kukho ukuvuza.

• Ukunyangwa kweeTailings kunye namanzi amdaka: Umgodi ufake iinkqubo zonyango lwamanzi amdaka eziphambili. Emva kwenkqubo yokudada, intsalela yamanzi kunye namanzi amdaka aqulethe i-sodium cyanide eseleyo ayanyangwa ukuze kususwe okanye kususwe ubuthi kwi-cyanide. Enye indlela eqhelekileyo kukusetyenziswa kwe-hydrogen peroxide okanye i-hypochlorite ukuze kufakwe i-ions ze-cyanide kwiifom ezingenabungozi kangako ezifana ne-cyanate (CNO⁻) okanye i-nitrogen kunye ICarbon i-dioxide. Amanzi amdaka acociweyo ajongwa ngononophelo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ubuninzi be-cyanide buyahlangabezana nemigangatho yokukhupha amanzi kwindawo engqongileyo ngaphambi kokuba akhutshwe.

Imingeni yokuPhucula inkqubo

1.Ukwahluka koMgangatho wentsimbi

• Umgangatho we-ore kubhedu - umgodi we-molybdenum unokwahluka kakhulu. Iibhetshi zeore ezahlukeneyo zinokuba nobhedu olwahlukileyo - ulungelelwaniso lwemolybdenum, ukwakheka kwemineralogical, kunye nokuhanjiswa kobungakanani bamasuntswana. Oku kuguquguquka kunokuchaphazela ukusebenza kwe-sodium cyanide njengento yokudakumba. Ngokomzekelo, kwii-ores ezinomlinganiselo ophezulu weeminerali zobhedu ezicolekileyo, i-sodium cyanide eninzi inokufunwa ukufezekisa inqanaba elifanayo lokudakumba kobhedu.

2.Izisombululo

• Real - Ixesha Uhlalutyo Ore: Umgodi utyale imali kwizixhobo zokuhlalutya eziphambili ukwenza uhlalutyo lwexesha lokwenyani lwentsimbi ekrwada engenayo. I-X-ray fluorescence (XRF) kunye ne-laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) zisetyenziselwa ukugqiba ngokukhawuleza ukubunjwa kweekhemikhali zentsimbi. Ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo zohlalutyo, i-dosage ye-sodium cyanide kunye nezinye i-reagents inokulungiswa ngexesha elifanelekileyo.

• Imodeli-Esekwe kuLawulo lweNkqubo: Imodeli yeemathematika iye yaphuhliswa ukuqikelela idosi ye-sodium cyanide efanelekileyo kunye neeparitha zenkqubo ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu ze-ore. Imodeli ithathela ingqalelo izinto ezifana nobhedu - umlinganiselo we-molybdenum, ukwakheka kwe-mineralogical, kunye nobungakanani bamasuntswana. Lo mzekelo - esekelwe inkqubo yolawulo inkqubo ivumela ulawulo oluchanekileyo ngakumbi inkqubo flotation, ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kakuhle kobhedu - molybdenum ukwahlula nokuba ebusweni ukuguquguquka komgangatho ore.

isiphelo

Ukusetyenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide njenge-a Copper depressant kwinkqubo ye-flotation ibonakalise ukuba iyasebenza ekufezekiseni ukwahlulwa kobhedu kunye neeminerali ze-molybdenum. Ngokulawulwa ngononophelo lwedosi ye-sodium cyanide, ukulungiswa kokuhamba kwenkqubo ye-flotation, kunye nokuphunyezwa kwamanyathelo angqongqo okusingqongileyo kunye nokhuseleko, umgodi uye wakwazi ukuphucula ukubuyiswa kunye nebakala lokugxila kwe-molybdenum ngelixa ngokufanelekileyo ucinezela amaminerali obhedu. Nangona kunjalo, imingeni ehambelana nokusetyenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide, njengokukhathazeka kokusingqongileyo kunye nokhuseleko kunye nokulungiswa kwenkqubo ebusweni bokuhluka komgangatho we-ore, kufuna ingqalelo eqhubekayo kunye nokuphunyezwa kwezisombululo ezifanelekileyo. Njengoko ishishini lezimayini liqhubela kwizenzo ezizinzileyo nezisebenzayo, uphando olongezelelweyo kunye nophuhliso luyafuneka ukuze kufunyanwe ezinye izinto ezidambisayo okanye kuphuculwe inkqubo esele ikhona ye-sodium cyanide ukunciphisa ifuthe layo lokusingqongileyo ngelixa kugcinwa ukusebenza kwe-metallurgical ephezulu.