Indima yeCalcium oxide kwiGold Extraction ngeSodium Cyanide

intshayelelo

Igolide cyanidation, eyaziwa ngokuba i-cyanide i-leaching, yinkqubo esetyenziswa ngokubanzi yokukhupha igolide kwintsimbi ekrwada ekrwada. Kule nkqubo, Isodium cyanide isetyenziselwa ukunyibilikisa igolide ngaphakathi kwelitye, njengoko igolide ngokwayo ayinyibiliki kwicyanide. Nangona kunjalo, ubukho bokungcola okwahlukeneyo kunye nokusingqongileyo kweekhemikhali ze-ore kunokuchaphazela kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle kunye neendleko zenkqubo yokukhutshwa. Kulapho I-calcium oxide idlala indima ebalulekileyo.

Ukulungelelanisa i-pH yexabiso lePulp

Omnye wemisebenzi ephambili ye-calcium oxide kwi-cyanidation yegolide kukulawula i-pH ye-ore pulp. Xa i-calcium oxide yongezwa emanzini, isabela ekunyuseni ukuxinwa kwee-ion ze-hydroxide kwisisombululo, ngaloo ndlela iphakamisa ixabiso le-pH.

Kwinkqubo ye-cyanidation, kubalulekile ukugcina i-pH ephezulu, ngokuqhelekileyo ngaphezu kwe-11. Oku kungenxa yokuba Isodium cyanide I-hydrolyzes kwisisombululo esimanzi. Iqondo lale hydrolysis lihambelana nexabiso le-pH yesisombululo. Kwi-pH ephezulu, ukulingana kwe-hydrolysis reaction shifts ukunciphisa ukuxinwa kwe-hydrogen cyanide kwisisombululo. Ekubeni i-hydrogen cyanide iguquguquka kwaye inokuphunyuka kwinkqubo, ukugcina i-pH ephezulu kunceda ukuthintela ukulahleka kwe-cyanide ngendlela yegesi ye-hydrogen cyanide. Oku kubalulekile njengoko icandelo eliphambili legolide yi-cyanide ion, kwaye nayiphi na ilahleko ye-cyanide inokukhokelela ekusetyenzisweni okwandisiweyo. sodium cyanide kunye nokunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwe Ukutsalwa kwegolide.

Ukuthintela iHydrolysis yeCyanide

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, i-hydrolysis ye-sodium cyanide inokubangela ukubunjwa kwe-hydrogen cyanide, engeyiyo kuphela ilahleko ye-reagent ye-cyanide exabisekileyo kodwa ibeka ingozi yokusingqongileyo kunye nokhuseleko ngenxa yetyhefu yayo. I-calcium oxide inceda ukunqanda le mpendulo ye-hydrolysis. Ngokwandisa i-pH yesisombululo, kunciphisa ukuxinwa kwee-ion ze-hydrogen ezifumanekayo zokusabela kunye ne-cyanide ions ukwenza i-hydrogen cyanide. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba inxalenye ephezulu ye-cyanide ihlala ikwimo ye-cyanide ion, eyimfuneko ekutshitshisweni kwegolide.

Ukuphelisa imiphumo emibi yezinye ii-ion

I-Ore ihlala iqulethe ukungcola okwahlukeneyo okufana nobhedu kunye ne-iron ion, enokuthi ibe nefuthe elibi kwinkqubo yegolide ye-cyanidation. Umzekelo, iiyoni zobhedu zinokusabela ngecyanide zenze iikhompawundi ezintsonkothileyo, ngaloo ndlela zitye icyanide kwaye zinciphise ukufumaneka kwayo ekunyibilikeni kwegolide. Ii-iron, ngakumbi ii-ion ze-ferric, zinokusebenzisana ne-cyanide, zenze ii-ferricyanide complexes.

I-calcium oxide inokunceda ukunciphisa ezi ziphumo. Kwimeko-bume yealkaline eyenziwe yi-calcium oxide, ezinye zezi ion zetsimbi zinokwenza i-precipitates. Ngokomzekelo, ii-ion ze-ferric zinokusabela kunye ne-hydroxide ions ukwenza i-ferric hydroxide precipitate. Le mvula inciphisa ukuxinwa kwee-iron kwisisombululo, ithintele ukuba ingadli i-cyanide kunye nokuphazamisa inkqubo yokucoca igolide.

Iimpembelelo ezimbi ezinokuthi zibe kho kwi-pH ePhezulu

Nangona i-calcium oxide inenzuzo kwiinkalo ezininzi zenkqubo ye-cyanidation, ukuba ixabiso le-pH liphezulu kakhulu (ngokuqhelekileyo ngaphezu kwe-12), linokuba nefuthe elibi kwi-extraction yegolide. Kumanqanaba e-pH aphezulu kakhulu, i-calcium oxide inokubangela ukubunjwa kwe-calcium peroxide kumphezulu wamasuntswana egolide. Olu luhlu lusebenza njengesithintelo, luthintela ukudibana ngokuthe ngqo phakathi kweeyoni ze-cyanide kunye nomphezulu wegolide, ngaloo ndlela kuthintela ukuchithwa kwegolide. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukulawula ngononophelo ubungakanani be-calcium oxide eyongeziweyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-pH igcinwa ikwinqanaba elifanelekileyo lokutsalwa kwegolide ngokufanelekileyo.

isiphelo

Isishwankathelo, i-calcium oxide idlala iindima ezibalulekileyo ezininzi kwinkqubo yokukhutshwa kwegolide usebenzisa i-sodium cyanide. Ilungisa i-pH ye-pulp ye-ore, inqanda i-hydrolysis ye-cyanide, kwaye inceda ukuphelisa iziphumo ezibi zezinye ioni zetsimbi. Nangona kunjalo, ulawulo olululo lwe-pH lubalulekile ukunqanda iimpembelelo ezinokuthi zibe kho ekutsalweni kwegolide. Ukuqonda le misebenzi ye-calcium oxide kunokunceda ukwandisa inkqubo ye-cyanidation, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokutsalwa kwegolide, kunye nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide, engeyiyo inzuzo kuphela kwezoqoqosho kodwa kunye nokusingqongileyo ngokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kweekhompawundi ezinetyhefu ze-cyanide.