Ukuphuculwa kweSodium Cyanide Leaching kwi-Gold-Copper Ores

intshayelelo

Ukukhutshwa kwegolide kunye nobhedu kwi-ores yegolide-yobhedu yinkqubo enzima. Cyanidation, ngakumbi ukusebenzisa Isodium cyanide, kudala iyeyona ndlela ibalaseleyo yokutsalwa kwegolide. Nangona kunjalo, ubukho bobhedu kula ma-ores bubeka imiceli mngeni ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo ye-cyanidation, echaphazela ukubuyiswa kwegolide kunye. i-cyanide ukusetyenziswa. Esi sithuba seblogi sijonge ekuphuculweni kwesodium I-Cyanide Leaching kwigolide-yobhedu ore, ukuhlola imigaqo esisiseko, imingeni, kunye nezisombululo ezintsha.

Imigaqo yeCyanide Leaching

I-Cyanide leaching ixhomekeke kubuchule obukhethekileyo be-cyanide ion ukwenza iikhompleksi ezizinzileyo ezinegolide nesilivere. I-sodium cyanide, enyibilika kakhulu emanzini kwaye izinzile, isebenza njengeyona nto iphambili yokuthambisa. Xa inyibilika emanzini, ikhupha iiyoni zecyanide. Ezi ion zisabela ngegolide xa kukho ioksijini ngokusebenzisa inkqubo ye-electrochemical. Igolide iqala i-oxidized ize ibotshwe yi-cyanide ion ukuze yenze i-soluble complex, evumela ukutsalwa kwayo kwintsimbi ekrwada.

Imingeni evezwe yiCopper kwi-Gold-Copper Ores

Ukusetyenziswa kweCyanide eyongeziweyo

Ubhedu kwi-ores yegolide-yobhedu isabela kunye ne-cyanide ukwenza ii-complexes ezahlukeneyo zobhedu-cyanide. Ngayo yonke i-1% yobhedu olusebenzayo olukhoyo, malunga ne-30 kg / t ye-NaCN ingatyiwa. Oku kusetyenziswa kakhulu akukhuphi nje iindleko zokusebenza kwenkqubo ye-cyanidation kodwa kukwafuna ulawulo olunenyameko ngakumbi lokusetyenziswa kwe-cyanide.

Ukuthintelwa kweGold Leaching

Uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwee-copper-cyanide complexes kwisisombululo se-leaching sinokunciphisa ukuchithwa kwegolide. Ngaphezu koko, ubhedu lunomkhwa wokwenza i-passivation layers kumphezulu wamasuntswana egolide. Ezi maleko zisebenza njengezithintelo, ukunciphisa uqhagamshelwano phakathi kwegolide kunye ne-cyanide ion kwaye ngokuthintela inkqubo yokukhutshwa.

Amacebo okuphucula iSodium Cyanide Leaching kwiGold-Copper Ores

Unyango lwangaphambili lweOres

• Iindlela zokwahlula ngokwaseMzimbeni: Ubuchwephesha obunjengokwahlulwa komxhuzulane, ukuphaphatheka, okanye ukwahlula ngokwemagnethi kunokusetyenziswa ukugxila kwangaphambili kwintsimbi ekrwada. Ngokususa ngokukhethayo inxalenye ebalulekileyo yeeminerali zethusi phambi kokuba i-cyanidation, ezi ndlela zinciphisa umxholo wobhedu kwizinto eziza kufakwa kwi-leaching. Ngokomzekelo, i-flotation inokwahlula iiminerali ze-sulfide zethusi kwi-ore ephethe igolide, ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kobhedu ngexesha le-cyanidation.

• Unyango lwe-Oxidative: Iinkqubo ze-oxidative ezifana ne-roasting, i-bio-oxidation, okanye i-oxidation yoxinzelelo iyasebenza ekwaphuleni iiminerali ze-sulfide kunye nokukhulula igolide evalelweyo. Kumxholo wegolide-yobhedu sulfide ores, i-oxidative pretreatment ayiphuculi nje ukubuyiswa kwegolide kodwa ikwanciphisa ifuthe elibi lobhedu kwi-cyanidation. Ukuqhotsa, umzekelo, kuguqula iiminerali zesulfide zibe ziioxides, nto leyo eyenza ukuba igolide ifikeleleke ngakumbi kwinkqubo yokuvuza kwecyanide.

Inkqubo yeParameter Optionation

• Ugxininiso lweCyanide: Ukumisela ugxininiso olufanelekileyo lwe-cyanide lungundoqo. Ngelixa ukugxilwa okuphezulu kunokonyusa ukunyibilika kwegolide, kukhokelela ekusetyenzisweni okugqithisileyo kwecyanide, ngakumbi kubukho bobhedu. Kufuneka indlela elungeleleneyo, yaye kwezinye iimeko, ukusebenzisa i<em>cyanide ephantsi koxinaniso kunye nezinye izongezo kunokuvelisa iziphumo ezingcono.

• Ulawulo lwe-pH: Ukugcina inqanaba le-pH elichanekileyo (ngokuqhelekileyo malunga ne-9 - 12) kwisisombululo se-leaching kubalulekile kwinkqubo ye-cyanidation. Kwigolide-yobhedu ore leaching, ukulungelelanisa i-pH kunokunceda ukulawula amazinga okuchithwa kobhedu kunye negolide. Ukuthoba kancinci i-pH ngamanye amaxesha kunokuphucula ukuvuza kwegolide ngokucinezela ukuvuza kobhedu.

• Ubushushu kunye nokuphazamiseka: Ukunyusa ubushushu kunokukhawulezisa i-cyanide leaching reaction, kodwa inemida yayo. Ubushushu obugqithisileyo bunokunyusa ukuguquguquka kwecyanide kwaye kukhawulezise i-oxidation yayo kwizinto ezingasebenziyo. Ukuphazamiseka okwaneleyo kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa uqhagamshelwano olulungileyo phakathi kwamasuntswana ore, isisombululo secyanide, kunye neoksijini. Nangona kunjalo, ukuphazamiseka okugqithisileyo kunokubangela ukuguga okugqithisileyo kunye nokukrazula kwisixhobo.

Ukusetyenziswa kwezongezo

• Amoniya: Ukongeza i-ammonia kwinkqubo ye-cyanidation inokunceda ukulawula ubhedu ngokwenza ii-complexes ezizinzileyo kunye nayo. Ezi zixhobo zithintela ukwakheka kweekhompawundi ezithile ze-copper-cyanide ezinqanda ukuchithwa kwegolide. Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa kwe-ammonia kufuna ukuqwalaselwa ngenyameko ngenxa yobuthi bayo kunye nokuguquguquka, okubeka ingozi yokusingqongileyo.

• Glycine: Uphando olutshanje lubonisa ukuba i-glycine ingasetyenziselwa ukudibanisa kunye noxinzelelo oluphantsi lwe-cyanide ukukhupha igolide, isilivere kunye nobhedu kwi-ores yegolide yobhedu. I-Glycine idibanisa kunye ne-cupric kunye ne-cuprous ion, ikhuthaza ukuchithwa kobhedu, kwaye inokunyibilikisa i-passivation layers kwigolide kunye nobhedu. Le ndlela inokunciphisa kakhulu ukusetyenziswa kwe-cyanide ubuncinane ngama-75%.

case Studies

Ukusebenza kweMigodi yaseJapan

Umbutho omncinci wokwemba eJapan wawusebenza ekufumaneni igolide kwi-ore enobhedu oluninzi kusetyenziswa i-cyanidation. Kumjikelo wangaphambili we-cyanidation oneetoni ezingama-800 zothuli (iintsalela zegolide), bafumana iikhilogram ezili-1.3 zegolide ecocekileyo engama-94% emva kwe-elution. Ukuphucula ukubuyiselwa, basebenzise ikalika ukwandisa i-pH kunye ne-ammonia ukunceda ukususa i-copper. Ukongeza, benze i-elution ye-copper kwi-elution. ICarbon ngaphambi kokulungiswa kwegolide kwaye walungisa i-voltage kunye ne-amperage ngexesha lokuguqulwa kwegolide kunye nokuma kwe-electrode. La manyathelo ancede ekwandiseni ukubuyiswa kwegolide.

Ore Australian Low-Grade Copper-Gold Ore

Intsimbi ekrwada yobhedu ekumgangatho ophantsi waseOstreliya yacutshungulwa kusetyenziswa inkqubo “yokujikeleza okuxutyiweyo—ukwahlula icopper-sulphur—i-sulphur concentrate leaching for gold” inkqubo. Ngokulungisa ii-reagents ze-flotation (usebenzisa indibaniselwano ye-butyl xanthate kunye ne-ammonium dibutyl dithiophosphate njengabaqokeleli) kunye nokuhamba kwenkqubo (izigaba ezininzi zokukrala kunye nokuhlambalaza kwisekethe evaliweyo), bafumana ukubuyiswa kobhedu kwe-82.46% kunye nokubuyiswa kwegolide ebanzi ye-91.87%.

isiphelo

Ukuphucula i sodium cyanide inkqubo yokukhutshwa kwegolide-yobhedu ibalulekile ekuphuculeni ukusebenza koqoqosho kunye nokuzinza kokusingqongileyo kwemigodi yegolide. Ngokuqonda imingeni eyenziwe ngobhedu kunye nokuphunyezwa kwezicwangciso ezifana nokunyangwa kwangaphambili, ukulungiswa kweparameter yenkqubo, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezongezo, ukuphuculwa okubalulekileyo ekubuyiselweni kwegolide kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-cyanide kunokufezekiswa. Uphando lwexesha elizayo kulo mmandla lunokuthi lujolise ekuphuhliseni iindlela ezisebenzayo kunye nezilungele ukusingqongileyo, ukunciphisa ngakumbi impembelelo yokusetyenzwa kwegolide yobhedu kwindalo esingqongileyo ngelixa kunyuswa ukutsalwa kwemithombo.