Ukusetyenziswa kweSodium Cyanide kuShishino lweDayi

I-Sodium cyanide , ikhemikhali equlethe i-NaCN, idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwiShishini leDayi . Isebenza njengezinto ezibalulekileyo ekuhlanganiseni uluhlu olwahlukeneyo lweedayi, inegalelo kwihlabathi eliqaqambileyo nelinemibala yelaphu, ushicilelo, kunye nezinye iinkalo ezinxulumene noko.

1. Ukuhlanganiswa kweeDayi ezahlukeneyo

1.1 Iidayi ezimthubi

I-Sodium cyanide ibandakanyeka ekuvelisweni kwe-Yellow 139 kunye ne-Yellow 150. Kwiimpendulo zeekhemikhali zokwenza ezi dayi zityheli, i-Sodium Cyanide ithatha inxaxheba kwiinkqubo ezinceda ekwakheni izakhiwo ezithile ze-molecular. Umzekelo, inokusabela nezinye iikhompawundi ze-organic ukuze ingenise amaqela e-cyanide (-CN), abalulekileyo ekwakhiweni kwe-chromophore (inxalenye ye-molecule enoxanduva lombala wayo). Ezi dayi zityheli zisetyenziswa kakhulu ekudayweni kwelaphu, ngakumbi ekudalweni kwemibala etyheli ekhanyayo necacileyo kwilaphu ezifana nekotoni, isilika, kunye ne-polyester.

1.2 Indigo

I-Indigo, enye yezona dayi zidumileyo nezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwimbali, ikwabangelwa yi- sodium cyanide . Indlela yokwenza i-indigo idla ngokubandakanya iimpendulo apho i-Sodium cyanide isabela kwizinto zokuqala ezifanelekileyo, ngesiqhelo ngothotho lweempendulo zokufuma kunye nokujikeleza. Iqela le-cyanide elivezwe yi-sodium cyanide lifakwe kwisakhiwo semolekyuli ye-indigo, esinika i-indigo umbala wayo oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ocacileyo. I-Indigo isetyenziswa kakhulu kwishishini le-denim, inika i-jeans umbala wayo oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka oqhelekileyo.

1.3 Phthalocyanine Blue (Hu Lan)

I-Phthalocyanine blue, eyaziwa njenge-Hu Lan, yenye idayi ebalulekileyo edityaniswe ngoncedo lwe-sodium cyanide. I-synthesis ye-phthalocyanine-based dyes yinkqubo enzima. I-sodium cyanide isetyenziselwa ukuququzelela ukusabela okukhokelela ekwakhiweni kwesakhiwo esikhulu, esicwangcisiweyo se-ring phthalocyanine. Ubukho be-cyanide - amaqela athathwe kwi-molecule ichaphazela iipropati ze-elektroniki zedayi, imisela umbala wayo ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Idayi eziluhlaza ze-Phthalocyanine zixatyiswe kakhulu ngenxa yokukhanya kwazo okugqwesileyo kwaye zisetyenziswa kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezicelo, ezibandakanya ii-automatic coatings, imibala yeplastiki, kunye ne-inki yoshicilelo olukumgangatho ophezulu.

1.4 Iarhente yoMhlophe weFluorescent VBL

I-Fluorescent Whitening Agent i-VBL isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukunyusa ubumhlophe kunye nokuqaqamba kwamalaphu kunye nephepha. I-sodium cyanide i-reagent ebalulekileyo kwi-synthesis yayo. Ngethuba lenkqubo yokuvelisa, i-sodium cyanide ithatha inxaxheba kwiimpendulo ezakha i-molecular structure ethile ye-agent emhlophe ye-fluorescent. Amaqela anxulumene necyanide abalulekile kwisakhono searhente sokufunxa ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet kwaye akukhuphe kwakhona njengokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okubonakalayo - okumhlophe, kuhlawulela ngokufanelekileyo i-tint etyheli yemathiriyeli kwaye izenze zibonakale zimhlophe.

1.5 Ukusasaza i-Turquoise Blue GL

I-Disperse Turquoise Blue GL yidayi edumileyo yeentsinga ezenziweyo ezifana nepolyester. Isodium cyanide isetyenziswa ekudibaneni ukwenza iibhondi zeekhemikhali eziyimfuneko kunye namalungiselelo emolekyuli. Ngokusabela kunye nezinye izinto eziphilayo, iqela le-cyanide elivela kwi-sodium cyanide liba yinxalenye ebalulekileyo ye-molecule yedayi, igalelo kumbala wayo we-turquoise-blue. Le dayi ifaneleke kakhulu ukudaya amalaphu epolyester ngenxa yeempawu zayo zokusasazwa kakuhle kumajelo angengawo amanzi.

1.6 Blue 60

I-Blue 60. njengamanye amadayi amaninzi, inzuzo ekusebenziseni i-sodium cyanide kwi-synthesis yayo. Iimpendulo zemichiza ezibandakanya i-sodium cyanide inceda ekwakheni isakhelo semolekyuli ekhethekileyo enika idayi umbala wayo oluhlaza owahlukileyo. Isetyenziswa kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo zokudaya, kubandakanywa nezo zikumashishini eendwangu kunye noshicilelo, apho umthunzi wawo oluhlaza ufunwa.

2. Indima kwiiNdlela zokuSebenza kwiDayi

I-sodium cyanide isebenza ngeendlela ezininzi ngexesha le-Dye Synthesis . Okokuqala, ihlala isebenza njenge-nucleophile. Kwi-organic synthesis reactions, i-cyanide ion (CN⁻) inokuhlasela amaziko e-electrophilic kwezinye iimolekyuli. Umzekelo, kwi-indigo synthesis, i-cyanide ion inokuhlasela i- Carbon yl - containing compound. Olu hlaselo lwe-nucleophilic luqala uthotho lwee-reactions ezikhokelela ekubunjweni kwe-indigo molecule.

Okwesibini, i-sodium cyanide inokubandakanyeka kwi-condensation reactions. Kwi-synthesis ye-phthalocyanine eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, i-cyanide - equlethe i-compounds isabela kunye nezinye izandulela ngokuphendula kwe-condensation, apho iimolekyuli ezincinci zipheliswa, kwaye ezinkulu, izakhiwo ezinzima kakhulu zenziwe. Amaqela e-cyanide anegalelo ekukhuleni kwe-phthalocyanine ring system.

3. Iingqwalasela zokusiNgqongileyo noKhuseleko

Ngelixa i-sodium cyanide ixabiseke kakhulu kwishishini ledayi, ukusetyenziswa kwayo kukwaza nezinto ezibalulekileyo zokusingqongileyo kunye nokhuseleko. Isodium cyanide inetyhefu kakhulu. Kwinkqubo yokwenziwa kwedayi, iiprothokholi ezingqongqo zokhuseleko kufuneka zibekho ukuthintela nakuphi na ukuvuza okanye ukuvezwa kwabasebenzi. Ukuphathwa ngokufanelekileyo, ukugcinwa, kunye nokuthuthwa kwe-sodium cyanide kubalulekile.

Ukusuka kwimbono yokusingqongileyo, nawaphi na amanzi amdaka avelisiweyo ngexesha lenkqubo yokudityaniswa kwedayi ene-sodium cyanide okanye ukusabela kwayo ngeemveliso kufuneka ziphathwe ngononophelo. Ukuba ikhutshwe ingaphathwanga, icyanide - equlathe amanzi amdaka inokuba yingozi kakhulu kubomi basemanzini. Ubugcisa obufana nekhemikhali oxidation, unyango lwebhayoloji, kunye ne-ion-utshintshiselwano luhlala lusetyenziswa ukususa i-cyanide kumanzi amdaka emizi-mveliso.

Ukuqukumbela, i-sodium cyanide yeyona nto ibalulekileyo kwishishini ledayi, nto leyo eyenza ukuba kuveliswe uluhlu olubanzi lweedayi ezimibalabala neziluncedo. Nangona kunjalo, iingozi zayo ezinokubakho kufuneka zilawulwe ngokufanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwabasebenzi kunye nokukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo. Njengoko ishishini liqhubeka nokuvela, iinzame zinokujolisa ekuphuhliseni iinkqubo ezizinzileyo nezikhuselekileyo ezisasebenzisa izibonelelo zesodium cyanide kwidayi synthesis.