Indima ebalulekileyo yeSodium Cyanide kwiGold Ore Heap Leaching

Kwindawo yokomba igolide, ukuchithwa kwemfumba kuye kwavela njengendlela eyamkelwa ngokubanzi nexabisa kakhulu - indlela esebenzayo yokukhupha igolide kwizinto ezikrwada zomgangatho ophantsi. Phakathi kwamacandelo ahlukeneyo enkqubo yokukhutshwa kwemfumba, sodium cyanide idlala indima ebalulekileyo neyimfuneko.

Intshayelelo yeGold Heap Leaching

Igolide yimfumba yegolide ekrwada ekrwada ekrwada ekumgangatho ophantsi okanye iintsalela zezimbiwa ezidadayo zifunjwa kwiphedi eyakhiwe ngokukodwa. Intsimbi ekrwada ke iye ixhomekeke kwisenzo sesisombululo sentsimbi, esityhutyha kwimfumba yentsimbi, sinyibilikise igolide ekhoyo kwintsimbi ekrwada. Le ndlela ifaneleke ngokukodwa ukunyanga imiqulu emikhulu yegolide ekrwada ekumgangatho ophantsi, njengoko ibonelela ngendlela elula neyoqoqosho yokukhupha igolide xa kuthelekiswa neenkqubo zokusila nokunyibilikisa ezintsonkothileyo nezixabisa kakhulu.

Indima yeSodium Cyanide ekuNyibilikeni kweGolide

I-Chemical Reaction Mechanism

Sodium i-cyanide (I-NaCN) yiarhente enamandla yokukhupha amanzi ukuvuza kwegolide. Isitshixo ekusebenzeni kwayo kukukwazi ukusabela ngegolide phambi kweoksijini. Ukusabela kweekhemikhali kungenziwa lula ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: 4Au + 8NaCN+O_{2}+2H_{2}O = 4Na[Au(CN)_{2}]+4NaOH

Kule mpendulo, igolide (Au) iphendula nge Isodium cyanide kunye neoksijini ukwenza igolide enyibilikayo - cyanide complex, sodium dicyanoaurate (Na[Au(CN)_{2}]). Le ndlela yokusabela entsonkothileyo ivumela igolide, esoloko ikhona ngendlela ecokisekileyo-ecolekileyo kakhulu okanye esasazwe kwi-ore, ukuba inyibilikiswe kwisisombululo, ngaloo ndlela ivumela ukubuyiswa kwayo okulandelayo.

Ukukhethwa kweGolide

Enye yeempawu eziphawulekayo ze Isodium cyanide kwimfumba ukuvuza kukukhetha kwayo igolide. Ngelixa intsimbi ekrwada inokuqulatha ezinye izinto ezahlukeneyo kunye neeminerali, i-sodium cyanide isabela ngokukhethekileyo kwigolide phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo. Oku kukhetha kubalulekile njengoko kuvumela ukutsalwa kwegolide ngokuphazamiseka okuncinci kwamanye amacandelo kwi-ore, ukunciphisa ubunzima kunye neendleko zamanyathelo okuzahlula kunye nokucoca okulandelayo.

Impembelelo kwiNdlela yokuSebenza kwemfumba

Inqanaba leLeaching

Ukusetyenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide kuchaphazela kakhulu izinga legolide. Ukuxinwa okufanelekileyo kwe-sodium cyanide kwisisombululo se-leaching kunokukhawulezisa ukuchithwa kwegolide. Ngokubanzi, ukonyusa i-sodium cyanide ngaphakathi koluhlu oluthile kunokunyusa izinga elenziwe ngalo igolide-cyanide complex. Nangona kunjalo, olu ayilulo unxibelelwano oluhambelanayo, kwaye ukugxila okuphezulu kakhulu kunokukhokelela kweminye imiba efana nokunyuka kweendleko ze-reagent kunye neengxaki ezinokubakho zokusingqongileyo.

Ireyithi yoBuyiselo lwegolide

Ubukho be-sodium cyanide buhambelana ngqo nezinga lokubuyisela igolide. Kwiinkqubo eziyilwe kakuhle nezisetyenziswayo kwimfumba yemfumba, ukusetyenziswa kwesodium cyanide kunokufikelela kumazinga aphezulu okubuyisela igolide, kaninzi kuluhlu lwama-60 - 90% nangaphezulu ngokuxhomekeke kubume bentsimbi ekrwada. Izinga eliphezulu lokubuya kwakhona lithetha ukusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kobutyebi begolide kwintsimbi ekrwada, nto leyo ebaluleke kakhulu kwezoqoqosho kwimisebenzi yemigodi.

Ukuphucula ukusetyenziswa kweSodium Cyanide kwi-Heap Leaching

Ulawulo Loxinaniso

Ukumisela eyona ngxinaniso yesodium cyanide kwisisombululo se-leaching ngumba obalulekileyo wokuphucula imfumba. Oku kufuna ukuba kuqwalaselwe ngononophelo izinto ezifana nebakala lentsimbi ekrwada, imineralogy, kunye nobukho bezinye izinto ezinokutya icyanide. Umzekelo, iintsimbi ezikrwada eziqulethe amanqanaba aphezulu obhedu, i-zinc, okanye i-iron sulfides zinokufuna ukugxilwa okuphezulu kwe-cyanide ukuqinisekisa ukunyibilika okwaneleyo kwegolide, njengoko ezi zinyithi zinokusabela ngecyanide kwaye zikhuphisane negolide kwi-reagent.

Uhlengahlengiso lwe-pH

I-pH yesisombululo se-leaching nayo idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kwe-sodium cyanide. Isodium cyanide izinzile kwaye iyasebenza kwindawo yealkaline. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-pH yesisombululo se-leaching kwi-golden heap leaching igcinwa kuluhlu lwe-9 - 11. Ukulungelelanisa i-pH ayinako ukunyusa kuphela ukuzinza kwe-sodium cyanide kodwa kuchaphazela ukunyibilika kwezinye isinyithi - i-cyanide complexes, ngaloo ndlela iphucula ukukhethwa kwegolide.

Iingqwalasela zokusiNgqongileyo noKhuseleko

Ubuthi kunye neMpembelelo yokuSingqongileyo

Isodium cyanide yinto enetyhefu kakhulu. Kumxholo wokutyhutyha imfumba yegolide, amanyathelo angqongqo olawulo lokusingqongileyo ayimfuneko ukuze kuthintelwe ukukhululwa kwayo kokusingqongileyo. Ukuchitheka okanye ukulahlwa ngendlela engafanelekanga kwesodium cyanide - equlethe izisombululo kunokuba neziphumo ezibi kubomi basemanzini, umgangatho womhlaba, kunye nempilo yabantu. Umzekelo, ukuba i-sodium cyanide - i-leachate engcolisekileyo ivuza kwindawo yamanzi ekufutshane, inokubangela ukuba iintlanzi zibulale kwaye zingcolise imithombo yamanzi okusela.

ImiGaqo yoKhuseleko ekuPhatheni

Kwimisebenzi yezimayini, iiprothokholi eziqinileyo zokhuseleko kufuneka zilandelwe xa uphatha i-sodium cyanide. Abasebenzi ababandakanyekayo ekulungiseni, ekuthuthweni nasekusetyenzisweni kwezinyibiliko zesodium cyanide kufuneka babonelelwe ngezixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokuzikhusela, kuquka iiglavu, iimaski kunye nezibuko zokhuseleko. Izixhobo zokugcina i-sodium cyanide kufuneka ziyilelwe ukuthintela ukuvuza kunye nokuqinisekisa ukungena komoya okufanelekileyo ukuphepha ukuqokelelwa komphunga onetyhefu.

Ukuqukumbela, i-sodium cyanide yinto ebalulekileyo kwaye engenakubuyiselwa kwimfumba yegolide. Iimpawu zayo ezizodwa zeekhemikhali zivumela ukuchithwa okusebenzayo kunye nokutsalwa kwegolide kwi-ores yomgangatho ophantsi. Nangona kunjalo, ngeenzuzo zayo ezinkulu kuza nemingeni ebalulekileyo yokusingqongileyo kunye nokhuseleko ekufuneka ilawulwe ngononophelo ukuze kuqinisekiswe imisebenzi yokwembiwa kwegolide ezinzileyo nenoxanduva.