I-All-Slime Striring Cyanidation Process kuMgodi weGolide

1. intshayelelo

I-Cyanidation yindlela esetyenziswa ngokubanzi yokutsalwa kwegolide kwishishini lemigodi. Ifumene ukuthandwa ngenxa yeendleko zayo eziphantsi kunye nezinga eliphezulu lokubuyisela igolide. Le nkqubo yenza ukuba kwisiza imveliso yegolide, nto leyo inciphisa ngokubonakalayo imiqobo eyahlukeneyo eyayanyaniswa nokuthuthwa komgama omde wokugxilwa kwegolide. Ngenxa yoko, igalelo ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kakuhle kwezoqoqosho kumashishini kunye nokugcina iindleko. Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa kwe i-cyanide, i-reagent enetyhefu kakhulu, kunye nokuhamba kwexesha elide kunye nesantya esicothayo sokutsalwa kwegolide, zizinto ezingeloncedo ezibonakalayo inkqubo ye-cyanidation. Ukuziqhelanisa ngcono neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zegolide-ezinentsimbi ekrwada, ukomeleza ukubuyiswa kwegolide, kunye nokunciphisa iindleko, inkqubo yokukhutshwa kwegolide yecyanidation iye yahlaziywa ngokuqhubekayo.

2. Uphuhliso lweNkqubo yeCyanidation

Ngeentsuku zokuqala ze-cyanidation, iteknoloji yokucubungula izimbiwa ayizange iphuhliswe kakuhle, kwaye iindleko zokugaya i-ores ziphezulu. Ngaphezu koko, ngelo xesha, iindlela zokutyhutyha ngokuqhubekayo, ukucocwa kwamanzi, kunye nokuhluzwa kweebhetshi ezinkulu zentsimbi zazingekaphuhliswa. Ngoko ke, kwinqanaba lokuqala lokuphuhliswa kwendlela ye-cyanidation, i-percolation leaching yayiyeyona nkqubo iphambili. I-Percolation leaching yayilungele kuphela ukunyanga iintsimbi ezirhabaxa-zikhozo. Kwakufuneka kungabikho ludongwe, ibhilidi okanye ezinye izinto ezingcolileyo. Ngoko ke, ngaphambi kokuba i-leaching, i-ores echotshoziweyo ecolekileyo kufuneka ihlelwe, eyayiyinkqubo yokuhlamba, ukuhlula i-slime. Iimveliso ze-slime ezirhabaxa zafakwa kwiitanki ezivuzayo ukwenzela unyango lwe-cyanidation nge-percolation leaching.

Ngokuphuculwa kwezixhobo ze-hydrometallurgical, ezinje ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo lweetanki eziphazamisayo ezinodaka, izihluzi, izitshizi, njl. Ngenkqubela phambili kunye nokuphuculwa kokusila, ukugxininiswa, kunye netekhnoloji yokucoca, i-cyanide leaching itshintshele ekukhupheni igolide kwi-ores yegolide ecolisiweyo. Zonke iintsimbi ezikrwada zicudiswe kakuhle kwaye emva koko zifakwe kwiitanki eziphazamiseke kakhulu. Le ndlela ibizwa ngokuba yi "all - slime cyanidation". Ineengenelo zenqanaba eliphezulu lokubuyisela, isantya segolide esikhawulezayo, kunye nomjikelo omfutshane wokutsalwa kwegolide, ngoko ke iye yakhuthazwa kwaye yasetyenziswa ngokukhawuleza.

3. Ukuvuselela iTekhnoloji yeCyanidation kunye neeNkqubo zayo eziNcedisayo zokuLeaching

Ngeentsuku zokuqala zenkqubo ye-cyanidation yegolide kusetyenziswa indlela evuselelayo ye-cyanidation, umoya ovuzayo wawusetyenziselwa ukwenza igolide. Kamva, ngophuhliso lwezenzululwazi lokutsalwa kwegolide kunye nokuqonda okwandayo kwabantu ngokubaluleka kweoksijini kwi-leaching, iinkqubo ezincedisayo ze-leaching ezifana ne-oxygen - i-leaching ephuculweyo kunye nolwelo - isigaba se-oxidant - i-leaching encedisiweyo iye yavela. Ezi ziquka i-hydrogen peroxide okanye i-potassium permanganate - i-leaching encedisiweyo, i-ammonia - i-cyanide - i-leaching encediswayo, ukufudumeza kunye noxinzelelo - i-leaching encedisiweyo, kunye ne-nitrate ye-lead - incedise i-leaching.

I-oksijeni-i-leaching ephuculweyo inokunyusa ukuxinwa kwe-oksijini kwinkqubo ye-leaching, ekhuthaza i-oxidation yegolide kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-leaching. I-hydrogen peroxide kunye ne-potassium permanganate, njenge-oxidants eyomeleleyo, inokukhawulezisa i-oxidation yegolide kwi-ore, ngaloo ndlela iphucula isantya sokuvuza. I-ammonia - i-cyanide - i-leaching encediswayo inokutshintsha indawo yekhemikhali yesisombululo se-leaching, esiluncedo ekuchithweni kwegolide. Ukufudumeza kunye noxinzelelo - ukuncediswa kwe-leaching kunokunyusa izinga lokuphendula ngokuphucula ubushushu kunye neemeko zoxinzelelo, ngelixa i-nitrate ekhokelayo - i-leaching encediswayo inokudlala indima ye-catalytic kwi-reaction ye-cyanidation yegolide.

4. Imingeni kunye namaThemba exesha elizayo

Ngaphandle kweenzuzo zayo, inkqubo ye-slime evuselela i-cyanidation isajongene nemingeni ethile. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-cyanide enetyhefu kakhulu kufuna amanyathelo angqongqo okhuseleko kunye nolawulo lokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo ukuthintela ukuvuza kwecyanide kunye nongcoliseko. Ukusebenza kwexesha elide kwale nkqubo nako kufuna umthamo omkhulu wokusetyenziswa kwamandla.

Kwixesha elizayo, uphando kunye nophuhliso kulo mmandla luya kugxininisa ekuphuhliseni iindlela ezingcono zokusingqongileyo kunye neendlela ezisebenzayo zokutsalwa kwegolide. Oku kunokubandakanya ukuhlola ezinye ii-agent zokuvuza ezingezizo i-cyanide ezithatha indawo ye-cyanide, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kweenkqubo esele zikho ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, kunye nokwandisa ngakumbi izixhobo kunye nokuhamba kwenkqubo ukomeleza ukusebenza ngokubanzi kokumbiwa kwegolide. Ukongeza, ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo lobuchwepheshe bedijithali kunye nobukrelekrele, ukusetyenziswa kwezi teknoloji kuyo yonke inkqubo ye-cyanidation ye-slime inokuzisa amathuba amatsha okuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zabasebenzi.

Ukuqukumbela, inkqubo ye-slime evuselela i-cyanidation idlale indima ebalulekileyo kushishino lwemigodi yegolide. Nangona inezinto ezithile ezingeloncedo, ukuqaliswa kobuchule obuqhubekayo kunye nophuculo kuya kuyinceda ukuba iqhelane ngcono neemfuno zophuhliso lweshishini kwaye ifake isandla kuphuhliso oluzinzileyo lweshishini lemigodi yegolide.