Ukubaluleka koLawulo lweMpahla yeMichiza kwiMveliso: IiNdlela eziGqwesileyo kwiiFactory

IiNkampani zeMichiza: Iintlobo kunye nokuGxininisa kubasebenzisi beMichiza

Zininzi iindidi zeenkampani ezinxulumene nemichiza, ikakhulu iinkampani zemveliso, iinkampani zothutho, iinkampani zabasebenzisi, kunye neenkampani zokulahla inkunkuma. Ngenxa yokulinganiselwa kwendawo, eli nqaku liza kugxila kwiinkampani zabasebenzisi beekhemikhali, ngakumbi izityalo zokuvelisa.

Imichiza kwiZityalo zokuVelisa

Kuyaziwa ukuba imichiza idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokwenziwa kwemveliso. Kwiingxoxo zethu ezidlulileyo, sithethe ngemiba ethile enxulumene nayo ulawulo lwamachiza. Namhlanje, makhe sixoxe ngesinye isihloko esibalulekileyo kulawulo lweekhemikhali: Uluhlu lweeMpahla zeMichiza.

Ukuqonda imichiza esetyenziswayo kwaye egcinwe kumzi-mveliso

Ukuseka inkqubo yokulawula imichiza esebenzayo, inyathelo lokuqala elibalulekileyo kukuqonda imichiza esetyenziswayo negcinwe kumzi-mveliso. Kodwa unokuqonda njani ngokukhawuleza nangendlela ecwangcisiweyo le michiza? Kufana nokuqonda abasebenzi bomzi-mveliso okanye ukwazi inani labantu bedolophu-ufuna "i-roster" okanye "irejista." Ngokufanayo, kulawulo lweekhemikhali, awukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kwe-a Uluhlu lweeMchiza zeMpahla.

01 - Ukubaluleka koLuhlu lweMpahla yeMichiza

Ukubaluleka kwe-a Uluhlu lwemichiza uluhlu lunzulu kwaye lufikelela kude. Ngamafutshane, inceda umzi-mveliso uchonge yonke imichiza esetyenziswayo kunye neempawu zayo, iqinisekisa ukuba umzi-mveliso uthobela imigaqo kunye neemfuno zabathengi. Ikwaqinisekisa ukuphunyezwa kwamanyathelo olawulo afanelekileyo ukukhusela abasebenzi kunye nokusingqongileyo, ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kokusetyenziswa kweekhemikhali ukusuka kwinqanaba lokuqala lolawulo.

Uluhlu lwempahla yeekhemikhali lunceda umzi-mveliso ugcine umkhondo walo isitokhwe samachizas, ukuncedisa kwizigqibo zokuthengwa kweempahla neenkonzo, ukwandisa ukungafihli kunye nokulandeleka, kunye nokukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kweekhemikhali ngendlela enenkathalo. Ngokusebenzisa imichiza esebenzayo lawulo lwezinto, iinkampani zinokwandisa ubume be-inventri yazo, zinciphise isitokhwe esingeyomfuneko okanye esiphelelwe lixesha, kunye neendleko eziphantsi ze-inventri.

Nangona uluhlu lwempahla yeekhemikhali lubalulekile, enyanisweni, iifektri ezininzi aziziqondi ngokupheleleyo okanye azizisebenzisi ngokupheleleyo. Amanye amaqela olawulo athatha indlela encinci, ecinga ukuba "logama nje kukho uluhlu, lulungile ngokwaneleyo." Ngexesha lokuphicothwa kwefektri, sihlala sidibana noluhlu lwempahla yeekhemikhali olungaphelelanga, ngamanye amaxesha dwelisa amagama ekhemikhali kuphela (amaxesha amaninzi amagama adalwe ngumzi-mveliso ngokwawo), adibana nenkcazo "yoluhlu."

02 - Imiba eqhelekileyo kunye noLuhlu lweeMpahla zeMichiza

Ngokusekelwe kwiinkcukacha-manani ezigunyazisiweyo kunye namava ophicotho-zincwadi, kucacile ukuba "Ii-Chemical Inventory Lists" yenye yeengxaki ezilishumi eziphezulu kulawulo lweekhemikhali. Eminye imiba eqhelekileyo ibandakanya:

A) Ukunqongophala koLuhlu lweeMpahla zeMichiza

Iifektri ezininzi ezingenaluhlu lwempahla yeekhemikhali aziyazi nje imfuneko okanye abaqondi ukubaluleka kwayo. Oku kubonisa umba obanzi ngolawulo lwemichiza ngaphakathi kumzi-mveliso. Kwezinye iimeko, iifektri ziyayazi imfuneko kodwa ziyasokola ekudaleni uluhlu ngenxa yokungaqondi inkqubo okanye iimfuno, okukhokelela ekulibazisekeni okanye ekusileleni ekusekeni uluhlu.

B) Uluhlu lweZintlu zeMichiza ezingaphelelanga

Ukungaphelelanga kunokubonakalisa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, njengokungabandakanyi zonke iikhemikhali ezisetyenziswa kumzi-mveliso. Oku kudla ngokwenzeka kwiikhemikhali ezingasetyenziswanga kangako, ezifana nezithambiso zokugcina izixhobo zokusebenza, ii-arhente zokucoca, iikhemikhali zokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka, okanye iikhemikhali ezisanda kuthengwa. Ukongezelela, ulwazi olubalulekileyo lunokungabikho, njenge-SDS (iPhepha leDatha yoKhuseleko) ulwazi, iinombolo ze-CAS, iindidi ezinobungozi, okanye ukuthotyelwa kwe-MRSL/RSL. Amaxesha amaninzi, ezi ngxaki zenzeka kunye.

C) Ulwazi olungachanekanga kuLuhlu lweeMpahla zeMichiza

Omnye umba oqhelekileyo lulwazi olungachanekanga kuluhlu, ngokufuthi ngenxa yeempazamo zegalelo okanye ukusilela ukuhlaziya uluhlu ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Umzekelo, i-MSDS inokuba ihlaziyiwe, kodwa uluhlu aluzange luhlaziywe ukubonisa olu tshintsho. Ngokufanayo, utshintsho kubuninzi beekhemikhali kwindawo yokugcina, okanye iikhemikhali eziphelelwe lixesha, azibonakali kuluhlu, olukhokelela ekungangqinelani.

03 - Izisombululo zoLawulo loLuhlu lweeMpahla zeMichiza

Ukulawula iikhemikhali ngokufanelekileyo nangokukhuselekileyo, uluhlu lwempahla yeekhemikhali olugcinwe kakuhle luyimfuneko. Ungalwenza njani uluhlu olubanzi lwempahla yeekhemikhali? Nazi iingongoma ezibalulekileyo ezimbalwa:

Ekuqaleni:

Iifektri kufuneka ziseke inkqubo yolawulo lweekhemikhali ezomeleleyo, echaza indlela yokuyila nokuhlaziya uluhlu lwe-inventri yeekhemikhali, kwaye icacise ikhontenti nefomathi yoluhlu.

Uluhlu oluqhelekileyo kufuneka luquke ntoni? Emibini yemigangatho eqhelekileyo yolawulo lwempahla yeekhemikhali yiZDHC kunye neHigg FEM.

Iimfuno ze-ZDHC
Inkqubo yolawulo lweekhemikhali ye-ZDHC ichaza ukuba uLuhlu lwe-Chemical Inventory (CIL) kufuneka lubandakanye oku kulandelayo:

• Igama leKhemikhali

• Indawo yeSDS

• Inombolo yeCAS

• Ulwazi ngeengozi

• Ukuthotyelwa kwe-ZDHC MRSL

• Ubungakanani bempahla, ubungakanani bokuhanjiswa, okanye ubungakanani bokusetyenziswa

• Indawo yokugcina

Iimfuno ze-FEM ze-Higg
Umgangatho we-Higg FEM ufuna iseti yolwazi olubanzi ngakumbi kuluhlu lwempahla yeekhemikhali, kubandakanywa kodwa kungaphelelanga apho:

• Igama leKhemikhali kunye nohlobo

• Igama lomthengisi/umthengisi kunye nohlobo

• Umenzi/igama lomenzi

• I-SDS ngokuhambelana ne-Global Harmonized System (GHS)

• itheko

• Ukuhlelwa kweengozi

• Indawo / indawo yokusetyenziswa

• Iimeko zokugcina kunye nendawo

• Ubungakanani bekhemikhali esetyenzisiweyo

• Inombolo yeCAS

• Inombolo yebhetshi (ukuba ikhona)

• Ukuthotyelwa kwe-MRSL

• Umhla wokuthenga

• Umhla wokuphelelwa (ukuba uyasebenza)

Uninzi lwale ngcaciso inokufumaneka kwi-SDS, njengegama lekhemikhali, uhlobo, ukuhlelwa kweengozi, iimeko zokugcina, kunye nenombolo ye-CAS. Ingcaciso enjengobungakanani bokusetyenziswa, iinombolo zebhetshi, imihla yokuthenga, nemihla yokuphelelwa kwayo inokufumaneka kwiirekhodi zokuthengwa kweempahla neenkonzo, iilebhile zeekhemikhali, njl. njl.

Isibini:

Iifektri kufuneka zonyule umntu ofanelekileyo ukuba agcine kwaye alawule uluhlu lwempahla yeekhemikhali, eqinisekisa uhlaziyo olungexesha emva kokuthengwa, ukugcinwa, okanye ukusetyenziswa.

Umntu otyunjiweyo kufuneka abe nolwazi olusisiseko lwemichiza kunye nezakhono zokulawula, nokuba kungokwexesha elizeleyo okanye okwethutyana. Obu buchule bunokuzuzwa ngemfundo okanye ngoqeqesho oluqhubekayo.

Kufuneka luhlaziywe kangaphi uluhlu lwempahla yeekhemikhali? I-ZDHC icebisa ukuba iindidi ezahlukeneyo zolwazi kufuneka zilandelelwe kwiifrikhwensi ezahlukeneyo. Ngokomzekelo, uhlolo lwe-inventri kufuneka luqhutywe rhoqo ngonyaka, ngelixa ulwazi lokuziswa kunye nokusetyenziswa kufuneka luhlaziywe ngenyanga. Kwiifektri ezinemithamo ephezulu yokusetyenziswa okanye iindidi, uhlaziyo oluthe kratya (umzekelo, ngeveki okanye yonke imihla) lunokuphunyezwa.

Kwi-FEM ye-Higg, uluhlu lwe-inventri lufunekayo ukuba lube "lwangoku kwaye luchanekile," oku kuthetha ukuhlaziywa kwexesha langempela.

Okokugqibela:

Uluhlu lwempahla yeekhemikhali lufanele luquke zonke iikhemikhali ezigcinwe okanye ezisetyenziswa ngexesha leenkqubo zokwenziwa komzi-mveliso, kubandakanywa nezo zisebenza kunye nokugcinwa kwazo.

Oku kubandakanya zonke iikhemikhali ezisetyenziselwa inkqubo yokuvelisa, iikhemikhali zokugcinwa kwezixhobo / izixhobo, kunye neekhemikhali ezisetyenziselwa ukucocwa kwamanzi amdaka, ii-agent zokucoca, i-adhesives, iipende, iidayi, ii-pigments, izongezo, njl.

Ngaba ngoku unokuqonda okucacileyo "koluhlu lweekhemikhali" kwaye uvakalelwa kukuba lulula kakhulu?

Ukuba unayo nayiphi na imibuzo, unokushiya umyalezo ezantsi kweli nqaku okanye uqhagamshelane nathi.