Ukuvula Amandla eMichiza yokuLungiselela iMigodi: Ukuphucula ukusebenza ngokuSebenza kunye nokuzinza

Intshayelelo kwiMichiza yokuLungiswa kweziMbiwa

Iikhemikhali zokusetyenzwa kwezimbiwa zibhekisa kwiikhemikhali ezikhethekileyo ezisetyenziswa ngexesha lokuxinana kunye nokubuyiswa kweeminerali kwi-ores. Zibalulekile kwimisebenzi efana neflotation, ukuvuza, kunye nokukhupha amanzi okwahlula iminerali ekujoliswe kuyo kwisixhobo se-ganggue. Iindidi ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ziquka abaqokeleli, ii-frothers, i-depressants, i-dispersants, i-acids, iziseko, kunye nezinyibilikisi - nganye ilungiselelwe imisebenzi ethile yokwahlukana.

Indima yeeKhemikhali kwiNkqubo yeZimbiwa

Iikhemikhali zinceda ekucutshungulweni kwezimbiwa ngeendlela eziphambili. Abaqokeleli banamathela ngokukhetha kwiindawo zezimbiwa ezifunekayo ukuze zijikeleze, ngelixa izinto ezidambisa uxinzelelo zithintela ukungqubana kwe-gangue. Iifrothers zivelisa amaqamza azinzileyo ukuze zithwale izimbiwa ezidadayo. Iikhemikhali ezikhupha izimbiwa ezixabisekileyo ngokunyibilikisa. Izinto ezisasaza zithintela ukuhlanganiswa kwee-particle ukuze zahlulwe ngempumelelo. Xa zidibene, iikhemikhali ziphucula ukubuyiswa kwezimbiwa ezikumgangatho ophezulu ngendlela efanelekileyo.

Iindidi eziqhelekileyo zeeMichiza zokuLungisa iMineral

Ii-collectors zezona khemikhali zisetyenziswa kakhulu, ii-sulfide okanye iiminerali ze-oxide ezifunwayo ezikhethwayo. Ii-collectors eziqhelekileyo ze-sulfides ziquka ii-xanthates kunye nee-dithiophosphates, ngelixa ii-fatty acids kunye nee-amines ziqokelela ii-oxides. Ii-frothers ezifana ne-pine oil kunye ne-MIBC zivelisa amaqamza azinzileyo kwiiseli ze-flotation. Ii-depressants ezifana ne-cyanide zithintela i-gangue flotation. Ii-dispersants zigcina ukusasazeka kwamasuntswana. Ii-asidi kunye neziseko zibalulekile kwiinkqubo zokukhuhla. Ii-solvents zikhupha iiminerali ezixabisekileyo ngokunyibilikisa.

Impembelelo yokusingqongileyo kunye noZinzo

Ngelixa kuluncedo ukusetyenzwa, ezinye iikhemikhali zinokuchaphazela okusingqongileyo ukuba azilawulwa kakuhle. Iinkampani zemigodi zibeka phambili imisebenzi ezinzileyo efana nokuphinda kusetyenziswe amanzi enkqubo yokurisayikilisha, ukunciphisa ukungcola, kunye nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kweekhemikhali. Iikhemikhali ezintsha ezilungele indalo nazo ziyaphuhliswa. Ukwenziwa kwezinto ezintsha ezizinzileyo kunceda ukunciphisa unyawo lwendalo esingqongileyo ngelixa ukhupha iiminerali ezibalulekileyo.

Izinto ezintsha kunye neeNdlela zekamva

Uphando luthe gqolo ukuphuhlisa iikhemikhali ezisebenzayo nezilungele ukusingqongileyo. Abaqokeleli be-Biodegradable bafumana amandla. Iindlela zemfuzo kunye nezibalo ziyila imichiza elungiselelwe iimeko ezithile zemineralogical. Inkqubela phambili kulawulo lwenkqubo yexesha lokwenyani kunye nedosi ezenzekelayo nayo iphucula ukusebenza kakuhle. Ukujonga phambili, iikhemikhali zokulungiswa kwezimbiwa ziya kuhlala zibalulekile ekuphuculeni njengoko imigodi iqhelana nemingeni yexesha elizayo.

Izifundo zeMyelo kunye nezicelo zeHlabathi zangempela

Kwiplanti ye-zinc yase-Doe Run Peru, ii-dispersants ezintsha zonyuse umthamo we-15% ngelixa zinciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-reagent. Kwimigodi yobhedu ye-Escondida, i-depressants ekhethekileyo ikhulise ukubuyiswa kobhedu nge-2-3% ngokukhetha ngokunqanda ukujikeleza kwe-ganggue. KwiDama le-Olimpiki i-uranium-yobhedu-igolide kumgodi, ukuhoywa kweentsalela zezimbiwa kusetyenziswa iikhemikhali ezivuzayo ezikwinqanaba eliphezulu kukhutshwe ixabiso elongezelelweyo kwimisinga yenkunkuma. Le mizekelo ibalaselisa izisombululo zeekhemikhali eziphucula ukubuyiswa kwezimbiwa kunye nokugcinwa kokulungiswa.

isiphelo

Ukuqukumbela, iikhemikhali zokwenziwa kweeminerali zidlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekukhululeni izimbiwa ezixabisekileyo kumatye akhoyo ngendlela esebenzayo nenengeniso. Ngotshintsho oluqhubekayo kunye nokugxila kwizenzo ezilungileyo ezizinzileyo, ezi zixhobo zikhethekileyo ziya kuhlala zibalulekile ekuphuculeni iinkqubo zokukhutshwa kunye nokujongana neemfuno zezibonelelo zexesha elizayo. Uphononongo olongezelelekileyo lobuchwepheshe bekhemikhali obuphucukileyo bumele inzuzo zombini imveliso yeshishini kunye nokusebenza kokusingqongileyo.