Ukukhuselwa koKhuseleko lwe-Sodium Cyanide kunye neMiqathango eNgxamisekileyo

I-Sodium cyanide , ikhompawundi enobungozi kakhulu kwindalo, ibeka umngcipheko omkhulu kwimpilo yabantu nakwindalo esingqongileyo. Ngenxa yobutyhefu bayo obukhulu kunye nokukwazi ukufunxwa ngokukhawuleza emzimbeni, ukhuseleko oluqinileyo kunye namanyathelo acacileyo angxamisekileyo abalulekile xa kuphathwa, kugcinwa, okanye xa kukhutshwa i -Sodium cyanide ngengozi.

1. Ukhuseleko loKhuseleko

1.1 Izixhobo zoKhuseleko zoMntu (PPE)

• Ukhuseleko Lokuphefumla : Xa besebenza kwiindawo apho kunokwenzeka ukuba bachaphazeleke yiSodium Cyanide , njengakwixesha lokuveliswa kwayo, ukuthuthwa kwayo, okanye xa kukho ukuvuza okunokwenzeka, abasebenzi kufuneka banxibe ukhuseleko olufanelekileyo lokuphefumla. Izixhobo zokuphefumla ezizimeleyo (ii-SCBA) ziyacetyiswa kwiimeko ezinobungozi obukhulu, njengoko zibonelela ngomthombo othembekileyo womoya ococekileyo, zithintela ukuphefumla kwe-cyanide - equlethe uthuli okanye igesi. Kwiimeko ezingachaphazeli kakhulu, ii-respirators zokucoca umoya ezinezihluzo ezithile ezenzelwe ukususa iikhompawundi ze-cyanide zingasetyenziswa, kodwa ukusebenza kwazo kuxhomekeke ekulinganeni ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokuthembeka kwesihluzo.

• Ukhuseleko Lwesikhumba Namehlo : I-Sodium cyanide inokubangela ukutsha okukhulu xa idibana nolusu namehlo. Ke ngoko, iisuti ezimelana neekhemikhali zomzimba wonke, kuquka iiglavu kunye neebhutsi, kufuneka zinxitywe ngamaxesha onke. Iiglasi zokhuseleko okanye izikhuselo zobuso zibalulekile ukukhusela amehlo kuyo nayiphi na into etshizayo okanye amasuntswana othuli. Ezi mpahla zokukhusela kufuneka zenziwe ngezinto ezingangenisi i- sodium cyanide ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko oluphezulu.

• Ezinye izixhobo zokukhusela : Ukongeza ekukhuseleni ukuphefumla, ulusu, kunye namehlo, abasebenzi kufuneka banxibe iminqwazi eqinileyo kwiindawo apho kukho umngcipheko wokuwa kwezinto, kunye nokhuseleko olufanelekileyo lokuva xa besebenza kwiindawo ezinengxolo ezinxulumene nokusebenza kwe-sodium cyanide.

1.2 Ukhuseleko eMsebenzini

• Indawo yokugcina : I-sodium cyanide kufuneka igcinwe kwindawo yokugcina ekhethekileyo, enomoya ococekileyo, netshixiweyo eyahlukileyo kwezinye iikhemikhali, ingakumbi ezo zinokusabela kuyo. Izikhongozeli zokugcina kufuneka zivalwe ngokuqinileyo kwaye zenziwe ngezinto ezimelana nokugqwala yi-sodium cyanide, ezifana ne-polyethylene enobunzima obuphezulu okanye intsimbi engagqwaliyo. Iilebheli ezikwizikhongozeli mazibonise ngokucacileyo umxholo, iingozi, kunye nemiyalelo yokuphatha. Iindawo zokugcina kufuneka zixhotyiswe ngezixhobo zokuthintela ukuchitheka, ezifana needike okanye iitreyi, ukuthintela ukusasazeka kwayo nayiphi na i-sodium cyanide evuzayo.

• Iinkqubo Zokuphatha : Lonke ulawulo lwe-sodium cyanide kufuneka lwenziwe kwindawo elawulwayo kulandela iinkqubo zokusebenza ezisemgangathweni. Abasebenzi kufuneka baqeqeshwe kwiindlela ezifanelekileyo zokuphakamisa, ukuthulula, kunye nokudlulisa ukuze kuncitshiswe umngcipheko wokuchitheka okanye ukutshiza. Izixhobo ezisetyenziselwa ukuphatha i-sodium cyanide kufuneka zenziwe ngezinto ezingatshisi ukuthintela ukutsha kwayo nayiphi na imixube enokutsha. Emva kokusetyenziswa ngakunye, izixhobo kunye neendawo zokusebenza kufuneka zicocwe kakuhle kwaye zisuswe ukungcola ukuze kususwe naziphi na iintsalela ze-sodium cyanide.

• Umoya : Umoya owaneleyo ubalulekile kwiindawo zokusebenza apho kukho i-sodium cyanide. Iinkqubo zomoya zokukhupha umoya zasekuhlaleni kufuneka zifakwe kwiindawo ezinokukhululwa kuzo, njengaxa kuvulwa izikhongozeli okanye ngexesha leenkqubo zemveliso. Umoya oqhelekileyo kwindawo yonke yokusebenza kufuneka wanele ukugcina umgangatho womoya kunye nokunciphisa naziphi na iisuntswana ze-sodium cyanide okanye umphunga. Ukuhlolwa rhoqo komgangatho womoya kwindawo yokusebenza kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba amanqanaba okuvezwa ahlala ngaphakathi kwemida eyamkelekileyo.

1.3 Uqeqesho lwaBasebenzi

• Ukwazisa Ngeengozi : Bonke abasebenzi abanokuthi badibane ne-sodium cyanide, kuquka abo babandakanyeka kwimveliso yayo, ekuthuthweni kwayo, ekugcinweni kwayo, nasekuphenduleni ngexesha likaxakeka, kufuneka bafumane uqeqesho olupheleleyo malunga neengozi ezinxulumene nekhemikhali. Oku kuquka ukuqonda ubuthi bayo, iindlela ezinokubakho zokuchatshazelwa yiyo (ukuphefumla, ukuginywa kwayo, kunye nokunxibelelana nolusu), kunye neempawu zetyhefu ye-cyanide.

• Ukuphathwa Nokugcinwa Ngokukhuselekileyo : Abasebenzi kufuneka baqeqeshwe kwiinkqubo ezifanelekileyo zokuphathwa nokugcinwa, njengoko kuchaziwe apha ngasentla. Bafanele baqhelene nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokuzikhusela kunye nendlela yokuzisusa nokuzikhulula ngokufanelekileyo. Uqeqesho kufuneka lubandakanye imiboniso esebenzayo kunye namava asebenzayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba abasebenzi baqinisekile ngamakhono abo okuphatha i-sodium cyanide ngokukhuselekileyo.

• Uqeqesho Lokuphendula Kwiingxakeko : Abasebenzi kufuneka baqeqeshwe kwiinkqubo zokuphendula kwiingxakeko, kuquka indlela yokubona iimpawu zokuvuza okanye ukuvezwa yi-sodium cyanide, indlela yokuqalisa impendulo kwiingxakeko, kunye nendlela yokwenza uncedo lokuqala xa kukho ityhefu ye-cyanide. Kufuneka kwenziwe uqeqesho rhoqo ukuze kuvavanywe kwaye kuphuculwe ukusebenza kakuhle kwesicwangciso sokuphendula kwiingxakeko.

2. Amanyathelo aNgxamisekileyo

2.1 Impendulo ngesiganeko

• Ukuzahlula kunye nokuFuduka : Kwimeko yokuvuza okanye ukuchitheka kwe-sodium cyanide, indawo echaphazelekayo kufuneka yahlulwe ngoko nangoko ukuthintela ukusasazeka kwesi sixhobo sinobuthi. Iinkqubo zokufuduka kufuneka ziqalwe ngokukhawuleza, kwaye bonke abasebenzi abangengobalulekanga kufuneka bafuduselwe kumgama okhuselekileyo ukusuka kwindawo yengozi. Iindlela zokufuduka kufuneka ziphawulwe ngokucacileyo kwaye zaziwe ngabo bonke abasebenzi.

• Ukuthintela nokucoca : Amaqela akhethekileyo axhotyiswe ngezixhobo zokuzikhusela ezifanelekileyo kunye nezixhobo zokuphendula ukuchitheka kufuneka zisetyenziswe ukuze kuthintelwe ukuchitheka. Oku kunokubandakanya ukusebenzisa izinto ezifunxayo, ezifana neCarbon esebenzayo okanye i-vermiculite, ukufunxa i-sodium cyanide engamanzi. I-sodium cyanide eqinileyo ingatshayelwa ngononophelo kwaye ibekwe kwizikhongozeli ezivaliweyo ukuze ilahlwe ngokufanelekileyo. Emva kokuba ukuchitheka kuthintelwe, indawo kufuneka isuswe ngokupheleleyo kusetyenziswa izixhobo zokucoca ezifanelekileyo kunye neendlela zokususa naziphi na iintsalela ze-sodium cyanide.

• Isaziso : Kwimeko yesiganeko se-sodium cyanide, amagunya afanelekileyo, afana nee-arhente zokukhusela okusingqongileyo zasekuhlaleni, amasebe omlilo, kunye nee-ofisi zolawulo lweemeko ezingxamisekileyo, kufuneka aziswe ngoko nangoko. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo ezifunekayo kunye nenkxaso zinokusetyenziswa ngokukhawuleza ukulawula eso siganeko kunye nokunciphisa impembelelo yaso kuluntu olujikelezileyo nakwindalo esingqongileyo.

2.2 Uncedo lokuqala

• Ukuphefumla : Ukuba umntu uphefumla i-sodium cyanide, kufuneka isuswe ngoko nangoko kwindawo engcolileyo iye emoyeni omtsha. Ukuba umntu akaphefumli, kufuneka kuqalwe ukuvuselelwa kwentliziyo (CPR) ngoko nangoko, kodwa abahlanguli kufuneka bathathe amanyathelo okuthintela ukuvezwa kwigesi ye-cyanide. Kwezinye iimeko, ukunika ioksijini kunokuba luncedo. Amayeza athile okunyanga ubuthi be-cyanide, anjenge-hydroxocobalamin okanye i-sodium nitrite kunye ne-sodium thiosulfate, anokunikwa ngokukhawuleza, kungcono ukuba anikwe phantsi kwesikhokelo seengcali zonyango.

• Ukudibana kwesikhumba : Ukuze ulusu ludibane ne-sodium cyanide, indawo echaphazelekayo kufuneka ihlanjwe ngamanzi amaninzi ubuncinane imizuzu eli-15. Zonke iimpahla ezingcolisiweyo mazisuswe ngexesha lokuhlamba ukuze kuthintelwe ukufunxwa ngakumbi kwekhemikhali. Emva kokuhlamba, umntu kufuneka ahlolwe yingcali yezonyango ukuze afumane naziphi na iimpawu zokonakala kwesikhumba okanye ityhefu emzimbeni.

• Ukuginya : Ukuba uginye i-sodium cyanide, musa ukumbangela ukuba ahlanze. Endaweni yoko, mnike amanzi okanye ubisi ukuze asele ukuze anyibilikise ikhemikhali esesiswini. Umntu kufuneka athunyelwe kwiziko lezonyango ngokukhawuleza ukuze afumane unyango olongezelelweyo, olunokubandakanya ukunikwa amayeza okuthintela umhlaza kunye nezinye iindlela zokuxhasa.

2.3 Ukulandelelwa kweziganeko emva kwesiganeko

• Ukubeka iliso kwiNdalo : Emva kwesiganeko se-sodium cyanide, indalo esingqongileyo, kuquka umhlaba, amanzi, nomoya, kufuneka ihlale ijongiwe ukuze kuvavanywe ubungakanani bongcoliseko nokuqinisekisa ukuba amanqanaba abuyela kwisiqhelo. Ukuthatha iisampulu kunye nohlalutyo kufuneka kwenziwe ziilabhoratri ezifanelekileyo zendalo kusetyenziswa iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokuhlalutya.

• Uphando kunye neNgxelo : Kufuneka kwenziwe uphando olunzulu ukuze kufunyaniswe unobangela wesiganeko se-sodium cyanide. Oku kuquka ukuphonononga iinkqubo zokuphatha, imeko yezixhobo, kunye neerekhodi zoqeqesho lwabasebenzi. Ingxelo eneenkcukacha kufuneka ilungiselelwe, ibhale phantsi esi siganeko, amanyathelo okuphendula athathiweyo, kunye nazo naziphi na iingcebiso zokuthintela iziganeko ezifanayo kwixesha elizayo. Ingxelo kufuneka ingeniswe kulawulo olufanelekileyo kunye neziphathamandla ezilawulayo.

Ukuqukumbela, ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwabasebenzi kunye nokusingqongileyo xa ujongene ne-sodium cyanide kufuna indlela ebanzi edibanisa amanyathelo okhuseleko olukhuselekileyo kunye nezicwangciso ezilungelelanisiweyo zokuphendula ngokukhawuleza. Ngokulandela ezi zikhokelo, iingozi ezinxulumene ne-sodium cyanide ziyakwazi ukulawulwa ngokufanelekileyo, ukunciphisa ubungozi kunye nomonakalo.