Uphononongo ngeCyanide Leaching yeCarbonaceous Carlin-Type Gold Ore

intshayelelo

Iintsimbi zegolide zohlobo lweCarbonaceous Carlin zibonakaliswa kukusasazwa kwazo ngokubanzi kunye nokugcinwa kwazo okukhulu. Nangona kunjalo, zibeka imingeni ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokukhupha igolide. Ezi ntsimbi zihlala ziqulathe ICarbon kwisakhiwo sazo sezinto ezisisiseko, kwaye amasuntswana egolide akhona ngendlela esasazekileyo. Ubukho be-arsenic kunye ne-carbon bukhokelela kwimiba emibini ephambili: ukufakwa kwegolide kunye nefuthe lokuphanga igolide le-carbon, okubangela amazinga aphantsi kakhulu okuphuma kwe-cyanidation ngqo. Ngenxa yoko, zithathwa njengee-ore eziphindwe kabini okanye ii-ore eziqinileyo, ezimele i-ore eyaziwayo kwihlabathi liphela kwicandelo lokumbiwa kwegolide.

Ingxaki yeCyanide Leaching kwiCarbonaceous Carlin-Type Gold Ores

Gold Encapsulation

Iiminerali zesulfide ezikwi-carbonaceous Carlin-type ores zegolide zihlala zigquma amasuntswana egolide. Esi sithintelo somzimba sithintela uqhagamshelwano oluthe ngqo phakathi kwe i-cyanide isisombululo kunye negolide, ukunciphisa kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo ye-leaching. Umzekelo, kwimigodi emininzi ene-ores enjalo, umlinganiselo omkhulu wegolide uhlala uvaleleke ngaphakathi kwe-sulfide matrix, engafikelelekiyo Ukukhutshwa kwe-cyanide igosa.

I-Carbon's Gold-Robbery Effect

Izinto zeCarbonaceous kwezi ore zinobuhlobo obuqinileyo kwiicomplexes ze-cyanide zegolide. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokukhuhla i-cyanide, njengoko igolide inyibilika kwaye yenza iicomplexes ze-cyanide, izinto ze-carbonaceous zinokufunxa ezi complexes, ngokufanelekileyo "ziphange" igolide kwisisombululo. Oku akupheleli nje ekufumaneni igolide ephantsi kodwa kukwabangela ilahleko enkulu kwinkqubo yokukhupha. Uphando lubonise ukuba iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zekhabhoni kwi-ore, ezifana ne-elemental carbon, i-organic carbon, kunye ne-inorganic carbon, zonke zinegalelo kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo kule mpembelelo yokuphanga igolide. I-elemental carbon, ngokukodwa, inendlela yokufunxa efana neye- Ikhabhoni esebenzayo, ezinokufunxa kakhulu ii-complexes ze-gold cyanide.

Uphando ngoMfuniselo weCyanide Leaching

I-Cyanide Leaching ngqo

Uphononongo oluninzi lubonise ukuba i-cyanide leaching ye-carbonaceous Carlin-type ores yegolide ivelisa igolide ephantsi kakhulu. Kwezinye iimeko, nangona usebenzisa iindlela eziphambili ze-cyanide leaching ezifana ne-carbon-in-pulp (CIP) okanye i-resin-in-pulp (RIP), izinga lokubuyisela lihlala liphantsi ngokudanisayo. Umzekelo, kuvavanyo oluthile, izinga lokufunyanwa kwegolide lokuvuzwa ngokuthe ngqo kwecyanide laliyi-12.9% kuphela, liqaqambisa ukungasebenzi kwale ndlela yokwenziwa kwentsimbi ekrwada ekhanyelwayo.

Iindlela zokuNyangelwa kwangaphambili zokuphucula iCyanide Leaching

Ukugoba

Ukuqhotsa yindlela yesintu yonyango. Ngokufudumeza i-ore, izinto ze-carbonaceous zixoshwa njenge-CO kunye ne-CO₂, kwaye i-pyrite ibola ibe yi-iron oxides. Le nkqubo ibhentsisa igolide eyayigqunyelelwe ngaphambili, iyenza ifikeleleke ngakumbi kwi-cyanide leaching. Nangona kunjalo, ukuqhotsa kufuna ukutya okucokisekileyo okuthabatha ishumi elinemingxuma, ubuncinane iiyure ezine zexesha lokugcinwa, kunye nolawulo oluchanekileyo lobushushu kunye nomoya osezikweni. Amaqondo obushushu angaphantsi malunga ne-500°C okanye umoya othobe kancinci unokubangela ukuqhotswa okungaphelelanga, okukhokelela ekuncipheni okukhulu kokutsalwa kwegolide. Ngaphezu koko, kwi-550 ° C nangaphezulu, i-pyrite iguqulwa ibe yindlela ephikisayo ye-hematite apho igolide ayinakuchithwa ngokufanelekileyo nge-cyanide. Ukongeza, ukuqhotsa kufuna ukomisa ukutya okuxabisa imali eninzi kwiziko kunye nolawulo olungqongqo lokukhutshwa kwegesi kwiziko. Nangona inokuzuza ukutsalwa kwegolide ngama-85 - 87% kwintsimbi ekrwada equlethe ishumi elinesithathu leegrem zegolide ngetoni nganye, ngenxa yeemfuno zayo zexabiso lenkunzi ephezulu kunye neemeko ezintsonkothileyo zokusebenza, ukuqhotsa kuyekwe njengenye indlela efanelekileyo kwiidipozithi zegolide zohlobo lweCarlin ezininzi.

I-Chemical Oxidation

I-Chemical oxidation ibonise amandla amakhulu ekunyangeni i-carbonaceous Carlin-type ores yegolide. Ii-oxidizing agents kwiipulps ezinamanzi zinokoyisa iziphumo ezinobungozi zemathiriyeli yekhabhoni. Ngokomzekelo, ukusetyenziswa kweklorine njenge-ejenti yonyango sele ifundwe ngokubanzi. Nangona kunjalo, isixa seklorin efunekayo siyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubume bentsimbi ekrwada. Orerefractory ethambileyo inokufuna kuphela ishumi ukuya kumashumi amabini eekhilogram zeklorine ngetoni nganye kwi-cyanidation pretreatment ukuzuza ama-83% okanye ngaphezulu kokutsalwa kwegolide kwicyanidation elandelayo. Kwelinye icala, ii-ore ezirhabaxa kakhulu, zinokufuna ngaphezulu kwe-100 kg yeklorin ngetoni nganye kwinkqubo yonyango lwangaphambili. Ezinye ii-oxidizing agents ezifana ne-hydrogen peroxide, i-sodium hypochlorite, kunye ne-potassium permanganate nazo ziye zaphandwa. I-sodium hypochlorite, umzekelo, ayinaku-oxidize iiminerali ze-sulfide kuphela ukubonisa igolide efihliweyo kodwa iphinde idlulise izinto zekhabhoni, ukunciphisa umphumo wabo wokuphanga igolide. Uphando lubonise ukuba kwezinye iimeko, ukusebenzisa i-sodium hypochlorite njenge-arhente yonyango lwangaphambili kunokuphucula ngokuphawulekayo izinga lokubuyisela igolide kwi-cyanide leaching elandelayo.

I-Bacterial Oxidation

I-Bacterial oxidation yindlela yonyango esakhulayo neyokusingqongileyo. Iibhaktiriya ezixubeneyo ze-acidophilic zingasetyenziselwa ukwenza i-oxidize iiminerali zesulfide kwintsimbi ekrwada. Le nkqubo isombulula ngokufanelekileyo ingxaki yokufakwa kwegolide nge-sulfides. Ngexesha le-oxidation yebhaktiriya, iibhaktheriya zixuba iiminerali zesulfide, ziwaphule kwaye zikhulule igolide efihliweyo. Kwangaxeshanye, ukusetyenziswa kwekhabhoni esebenzayo kwinkqubo elandelayo ye-cyanide leaching inokuthatha ithuba lokukwazi ukukhuphisana ne-adsorption ukuchasana nesiphumo sokuphangwa kwegolide sezinto ze-carbonaceous. Ngokomzekelo, kuphononongo lwe-carbonaceous Carlin-type yegolide yediphozithi eYunnan, ngokudityaniswa kwe-bacterial oxidation kunye ne-carbon-in-pulp cyanidation, izinga lokubuyisela igolide lifikelele kwi-82.39%, ngelixa ukusetyenziswa kwe-cyanide reagent kwancitshiswa nge-49.68%. Oku kubonisa ukuba oxidation ibhaktheriya - carbon cyanide leaching inkqubo yindlela esebenzayo ukunyanga carbonaceous Carlin-uhlobo ores zegolide.

isiphelo

Iintsimbi zegolide zohlobo lweCarbonaceous Carlin zibonakalisa imiceli mngeni ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokukhutshwa kwecyanide ngenxa yokugqunywa kwegolide kunye nefuthe lekhabhoni lokuphanga igolide. Ngelixa ngokuthe ngqo i-cyanide leaching ingasebenzi kakuhle, iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango lwangaphambili ezinje ngokurosa, i-chemical oxidation, kunye ne-bacterial oxidation zibonelela ngezisombululo ezinokubakho. Indlela nganye ineengenelo zayo kunye nezithintelo malunga nokubuyiswa kwegolide, iindleko, kunye nefuthe lokusingqongileyo. Phakathi kwazo, i-bacterial oxidation - i-carbon cyanide leaching kunye neendlela ezithile zekhemikhali ze-oxidation zibonisa isithembiso esikhulu sokunyanga ngokufanelekileyo ezi ore refractory. Nangona kunjalo, uphando olongezelelweyo lusafuneka ukwandisa ezi nkqubo, ukunciphisa iindleko, kunye nokuphucula ubuhlobo babo bokusingqongileyo, ukwenzela ukuba ukukhutshwa kwegolide kwi-carbonaceous Carlin-type ores yegolide kusebenze ngakumbi kwaye kuzinzileyo.