Iintlobo eziqhelekileyo zeCyanides

I-Cyanides yiklasi yeekhemikhali ezixutywe neqela le-cyano (-CN). Ziyaziwa ngokusebenza kwazo okuphezulu kunye netyhefu enokubakho. Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga ezinye iintlobo eziqhelekileyo ze IiCyanides, iimpawu zabo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo.

I-Hydrogen Cyanide (HCN)

Hydrogen i-cyanide, ekwaziwa ngokuba yiprussic acid, lulwelo olungenambala, oluguquguqukayo kakhulu kwaye lunevumba elikrakra lealmondi. Inetyhefu kakhulu kwaye inokubulala nakwidosi ezincinci. I-HCN isetyenziswa kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zemizi-mveliso, njengokuveliswa kweeplastiki, iintsinga zokwenziwa, kunye nezibulali-zinambuzane. Ikwasetyenziswa xa kutsalwa igolide nesilivere kwi ore.

Isodium Cyanide (NaCN)

Isodium cyanide yinto emhlophe, eqinileyo eyikristale enyibilika kakhulu emanzini. Yenye yezona zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo iicyanides kushishino. I-NaCN isetyenziselwa i-electroplating, ukucoca isinyithi, kunye nokutsalwa kweentsimbi ezixabisekileyo. Ikwasetyenziswa ekuveliseni amayeza athile kunye neekhemikhali.

Potassium Cyanide (KCN)

Potassium cyanide iyafana kwiipropati ukuya Isodium cyanide. Yinto emhlophe, eyikristale eqinileyo enyibilika kakhulu emanzini. I-KCN ikwasetyenziswa kwi-electroplating, ukucoca isinyithi, kunye nokutsalwa kweentsimbi ezixabisekileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha isetyenziswa kwilabhoratri njenge-reagent.

I-Cyanogen Chloride (CNCl)

I-Cyanogen chloride yigesi engenambala nevumba elibi. Inetyhefu kakhulu kwaye inokubangela iingxaki ezinzulu zokuphefumla. I-CNCl isetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kweekhemikhali ezithile kunye ne-agent yemfazwe yeekhemikhali.

Organic Cyanides (Nitriles)

Ii-cyanides ze-organic, ezaziwa ngokuba zii-nitriles, ziikhompawundi apho iqela le-cyano linamathele khona kwi- ICarbon iathom kwimolekyuli yendalo. Imizekelo ye-organic cyanides ibandakanya i-acetonitrile (CH3CN), i-propionitrile (CH3CH2CN), kunye ne-benzonitrile (C6H5CN). Ii-Nitriles zisetyenziswa kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza, ezinje ngezinyibilikisi, izinto eziphakathi kwi-organic synthesis, nakwimveliso yee-polymers.

Iityuwa zeCyanide

Ukongeza kwi-sodium kunye Potassium Cyanide, kukho ezinye iityuwa ze-cyanide, ezifana ne-calcium cyanide (Ca (CN) 2), i-barium cyanide (Ba (CN) 2), kunye ne-ammonium cyanide (NH4CN). Ezi tyuwa zikwasetyenziswa kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zamashishini.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba iicyanides zinetyhefu kakhulu kwaye zinokubeka umngcipheko omkhulu kwimpilo yabantu kunye nokusingqongileyo. Amanyathelo okhuseleko afanelekileyo kufuneka athathwe xa uphathwa kwaye usebenzisa i-cyanides. Kwimeko yokuvezwa kwi-cyanides, kufuneka kufunwe unyango olukhawulezileyo.