I-Uzbekistan: Umtsalane weSizwe esiGolide kunye namaThuba oRhwebo eSino-Uzbek

Imi kumbindi weAsia, iUzbekistan ikhazimla okwelitye elinqabileyo elikhazimlayo, ikhazimla umtsalane wayo okhethekileyo. Lo mhlaba wamandulo, uthwele ubunzima bamawakawaka eminyaka yendaleko yembali, uneentsingiselo ezinzulu zenkcubeko kunye nobutyebi bendalo obumangalisayo. Ngokukodwa, ininzi yayo Oovimba beGolide baye bafumana iwonga elidumileyo "lweSizwe seGolden."

Ukukroba kwiMbali eTyebileyo yaseUzbekistan

Imbali ye-Uzbekistan isusela emva kwangoko ngo-2000 BC. Ebudeni bexesha elide, iye yabona ngokulandelelana ukuvela nokuwa koBukhosi bamaPersi, uBukumkani buka-Aleksandire oMkhulu bamaGrike, uBukhosi baseKushan, kunye noBukhosi baseTimurid. Iintlobo ngeentlobo zempucuko ziye zangqubana zadityaniswa apha, zishiya ngasemva intaphane yeendawo zembali ezixabisekileyo kunye nelifa lenkcubeko. Kwaba yinkulungwane ye-15 xa uhlanga lwaseUzbek lwaseka eyalo ikhanate awathi ngokuthe ngcembe lo mhlaba wafumana ubuzwe obahlukileyo nobuhlanga. Ngowe-1924. IUzbekistan yaba yinxalenye yeSoviet Union, yaye ngowe-1991. ukubhengezwa kwayo inkululeko kwaba sisiqalo sesahluko esitsha kuphuhliso lwayo lwesizwe.

Impembelelo Enzulu Yonqulo

Ngokweenkolelo zonqulo, ubuSilamsi buxhaphakile e-Uzbekistan, malunga ne-90% yabemi babambelele kubuSilamsi beSunni. Unqulo, njengeqhina elingabonakaliyo, lwendele ngokunzulu kubomi bemihla ngemihla babantu, lunempembelelo efikelela kude kwimilinganiselo yabo yokuziphatha, kwimibhiyozo yemibhiyozo nokunye. Ukusukela kwi-Eid al-Fitr edlamkileyo ukuya kwi-Eid al-Adha, umnyhadala ngamnye ugxininiswe kwiingcamango zenkolo nezenkcubeko, usebenza njengomzuzu obalulekileyo wokuba abantu badlulise iinkolelo zabo kwaye bomeleze umanyano lwabo lwesizwe.

IMarvels kwezoLwakhiwo: Ubuncwane beLifa leMveli leNkcubeko yaseUzbekistan

Ubugcisa kunye noyilo lweUzbekistan zizinto ezixabisekileyo zokwenyani zelifa lenkcubeko. IRegistan Square eSamarkand, enye yezona ndawo zintle kakhulu zokwakha kuMbindi weAsia, ibonisa ubungangamsha bobukhosi obudlulileyo kunye nobungakanani bayo obumangalisayo kunye nobugcisa obugqwesileyo. I-Bibi-Khanum Mosque, enedome yayo ephakamileyo kunye neethayile eziluhlaza ezihonjiswe ngokugqwesileyo, ibonisa umtsalane okhethekileyo woyilo lwamaSilamsi. I-Gur-e-Amir Mausoleum, ehloniphekileyo kwaye ehloniphekileyo, igcina iintsalela zikaTimur kunye namalungu entsapho yakhe. Isitayile soyilo, umdibaniso ohambelanayo wezinto ezininzi, ume njengommeli obalaseleyo wobugcisa bokwakha baseUzbekistan. Ezi zakhiwo azingobungqina bembali kuphela kodwa kunye nokubonakaliswa kobugcisa kunye nenkcubeko, ukutsala abakhenkethi abavela kwihlabathi lonke ukuba bamangaliswe ubuhle babo.

Ubutyebi bendalo obuNinzi: I-Golden Advantage

Ngaphandle kwelifa lenkcubeko elityebileyo, i-Uzbekistan isikelelwe ngobutyebi bendalo obunomona, ngakumbi ubutyebi bayo begolide. Ikwinqanaba leshumi kwihlabathi ngokwemiqathango yogcino lwegolide, ilizwe libonakalise uvimba ukuya kuthi ga kwi-6.400 yeetoni, ezisasazwa ikakhulu kwimimandla efana nePhondo laseTashkent kunye nePhondo laseNavoi. Umgodi weGolide waseMuruntau, okwiNtlango yaseKyzylkum, ngowona mgodi mkhulu wegolide ovulekileyo ehlabathini, nonogcino oluqinisekisiweyo olungaphaya kwe-4.500 yeetoni. Ngo-2021. imveliso yayo yegolide yafikelela malunga neetoni ezingama-62.2, ibekwe kwindawo yokuqala kwihlabathi. Imveliso yegolide yonyaka yase-Uzbekistan ihleli malunga neetoni ezili-100, ithatha malunga ne-3% yetotali yehlabathi, oko kuyibeka phakathi kwamazwe alishumi aphezulu avelisa igolide kwihlabathi.

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, eUzbekistan Ishishini leGolide idlale indima ebalulekileyo kwimarike yamazwe ngamazwe. Ukususela ekuqaleni kuka-2024. ngokuthembela kwiidiphozithi zayo ezityebileyo kunye nezicwangciso zokurhweba ezivakalayo, ilizwe liye lavela njengomthengisi wegolide wehlabathi. Ukomeleza ngakumbi oovimba bakhe begolide, urhulumente wase-Uzbek uceba ukutyala imali ezizigidi ezingama-230 zeerandi ukusuka ngowama-2020 ukuya kowama-2024 kukhangelo, uvavanyo kunye nokuhlola imigodi yegolide, ejolise ekonyuseni uvimba wegolide ukuya kutsho kwiitoni ezingama-474. Eli nyathelo libonisa ngokupheleleyo ingqalelo yelizwe elikwinqanaba eliphezulu kunye notyalo-mali olumandla kushishino lwegolide.

Indawo eCwangcisiweyo kunye neNdawo yoTyalo-mali olukhulu

I-Uzbekistan ibekwe ngokucwangcisiweyo kumbindi we-Eurasia, kumda wamazwe amaninzi. Le ndawo inenzuzo yendawo ayenzeli nje indawo ebalulekileyo yezothutho edibanisa iMpuma neNtshona kodwa ikwanika nezimbiwa ezityebileyo, eziquka kungekuphela nje igolide kodwa neoli negesi yendalo. Nangona kunjalo, okwangoku, iqondo lophuhliso nokusetyenziswa kwezimbiwa zase-Uzbekistan lisezantsi kakhulu, nto leyo ebonisa amandla amakhulu otyalo-mali lwemigodi. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, amazwe akuMbindi we-Asiya azise ngokulandelelana imigaqo-nkqubo yokutsala utyalo-mali lwangaphandle, ngokuqhubekayo enyusa iinzame zawo zokutsala utyalo-mali ekuhloleni nasekuphuhliseni ubutyebi bezimbiwa kunye nokulungiswa kweemveliso zezimbiwa. Ngelo xesha, i-Asia Ephakathi kunye ne-China inesiseko esiluqilima sentsebenziswano ye-geopolitical kunye nezoqoqosho. Ukuqhubela phambili kweeprojekthi zoqhagamshelwano ezifana ne-China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan Railway kunye ne-China yesithathu - i-Kazakhstan Railway, kunye nophuhliso olupheleleyo lwezowuni zorhwebo zasimahla kunye neepaki zemizi-mveliso yezimayini ecaleni komgca, ziya kubonelela ngesiqinisekiso esiluqilima sozinzo lwekhonkco loshishino lwemigodi kunye nekhonkco lokubonelela.

ISino esithembisayo-iNtsebenziswano yoRhwebo yaseUzbek

Ngokuchasene nale meko, intsebenziswano yorhwebo phakathi kweTshayina ne-Uzbekistan inesithembiso esikhulu. I-Union Chemical, umthengisi weekhemikhali ezivuzayo zegolide ezifana Isodium cyanide kwaye Imichiza yeMigodi, ihambelana ngokugqibeleleyo kunye ne-Uzbekistan's rich resources resource benefits. Kwelinye icala, i-Union Chemical inokubonelela ngenkxaso yobuchwephesha beekhemikhali kwimigodi yegolide yase-Uzbekistan kunye nophuhliso loshishino lwemigodi, inceda ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kakuhle kophuhliso lwezimbiwa. Kwelinye icala, izibonelelo zezimbiwa zase-Uzbekistan zibonelela ngendawo enkulu yentengiso ye-Union Chemical, eyenza ukuba amacala omabini afumane inzuzo efanayo kwaye aphumelele - aphumelele iziphumo ngokusebenzisana.

I-Uzbekistan, eli lizwe ligolide linomtsalane, litsala umdla wehlabathi ngelifa lenkcubeko elikhethekileyo kunye nesakhono sorhwebo esikhulu. Iqhutywa yi-Belt and Road Initiative, intsebenziswano phakathi kwe-China kunye ne-Uzbekistan kurhwebo, utyalo-mali, kunye namanye amasimi ibophelelekile ukuba iqhubeke nzulu, ngokudibeneyo ibhala isahluko esizuke ngakumbi. Sinesizathu sokukholelwa ukuba kwixa elizayo, intsebenziswano phakathi kweTshayina neUzbekistan kushishino lwegolide namanye amacandelo iya kuvelisa iziqhamo ezingakumbi, nto leyo eya kuzisa iingenelo ezingakumbi kubantu bala mazwe omabini.