Ingabe I-Sodium Cyanide Izoshintshashintsha Ngokuqondile Emoyeni?

Sodium I-Cyanide (I-NaCN) iyinhlanganisela edume ngobuthi bayo obuphezulu futhi ivame ukusetshenziswa ezimbonini ezinjengezimayini, i-electroplating, kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwamakhemikhali. Njengoba kubhekwa isimo sayo esiyingozi, ukuqonda ukuziphatha kwayo, ikakhulukazi amandla okuguquguquka okuqondile emoyeni, kubaluleke kakhulu ekuphepheni nasekuvikelweni kwemvelo.

Izakhiwo Zamakhemikhali ze-Sodium Cyanide

Sodium i-cyanide imhlophe, icwecwe eliqinile elinephuzu eliphezulu lokuncibilika elingu-563.7 °C kanye nephoyinti elibilayo elingu-1496 °C. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile ze-ambient, ngokuvamile ezibonakala ngamazinga okushisa asukela ku-20 - 25 °C kanye nomfutho womoya ojwayelekile, ikhona esimweni esiqinile. Kusukela kumbono oyisisekelo we-thermodynamic, izinto ngokuvamile zidinga okokufaka kwamandla ukuze kuguquke ukusuka esimweni esiqinile noma esiwuketshezi ukuya esimweni segesi (i-volatilization). Njengoba izinga lokushisa kuma lingaphansi kakhulu iphuzu abilayo i-sodium cyanide, ayiguquki kalula ibe igesi ngokuzenzakalelayo ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile.

Izinto Ezithinta Ukuguquguquka

Nokho, ukuzinza kwe I-Sodium Cyanide ingathonywa izici ezihlukahlukene. Esinye isici esibalulekile ukusabela kwayo ngamanzi nama-asidi. Nini I-sodium cyanide ihlangana namanzi, i-hydrolyzes ukuze yakheke i-hydrogen cyanide (HCN), igesi eguquguqukayo kakhulu futhi enobuthi ngokwedlulele. Ukusabela kwamakhemikhali kungamelwa kanje:

Ukulingana kwalokhu kusabela kuthonywa i-pH yesisombululo. Ezimweni ezine-acidic, ukusabela kungenzeka kuqhubekele phambili, kukhuthaze ukwakheka kwe-HCN. Isibonelo, uma i-sodium cyanide ichayeka emvuleni ene-asidi noma emanzini angcolile embonini ane-acidic, kungase kwenzeke isizukulwane esisheshayo segesi ye-HCN, bese ishintshashintsha emoyeni.

Esinye isici ukuphakama kwezinga lokushisa. Nakuba amazinga okushisa e-ambient angenele ukuze abangele ukuguquguquka okuqondile kwe-sodium cyanide ngokwayo, ezingozini zezimboni noma ezimweni ezingafanele zokugcina lapho izinga lokushisa lasendaweni lingakhuphuka kakhulu, amandla e-kinetic ama-molecule e-sodium cyanide ayakhula. Lokhu kungase kuholele ekukhuphukeni kwezinga lokusabela kwe-hydrolysis futhi, ngenxa yalokho, amathuba aphezulu okwakheka nokushintshashintsha kwe-HCN.

Ukuphepha kanye Nezemvelo

Amandla okwakhiwa kanye nokuguquguquka kwe-HCN kusuka ku-sodium cyanide kunemiphumela ebalulekile yokuphepha kanye nemvelo. Emsebenzini, uma i-sodium cyanide ingagcinwa kahle noma ingaphathwa kahle, ukuchayeka ngengozi kumswakama noma ama-acids kungaholela ekukhishweni kwegesi ye-HCN, kube usongo olukhulu empilweni yabasebenzi. Izimpawu zokuchayeka kwe-HCN zingasukela ekucindezelekeni okuncane kokuphefumula kanye nesiyezi kuye ekuphileni - izimo ezisongela njengokuboshwa kwenhliziyo kanye ne-coma.

Emvelweni, ukukhishwa kwe-HCN ku-sodium cyanide kungangcolisa umoya, inhlabathi, nemizimba yamanzi. Ingalimaza izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, iphazamise imvelo, futhi inqwabelane echungechungeni lokudla, iqhubekisele phambili umonakalo owenziwe endaweni ezungezile.

Ukuvimbela kanye Nokunciphisa

Ukuze uvimbele ukuqubuka kwezingozi ezihlobene ne-sodium cyanide, izimiso zokuphepha eziqinile kufanele zilandelwe. I-sodium cyanide kufanele igcinwe endaweni eyomile, epholile, futhi enomoya omuhle, kude nemithombo yomswakama nama-asidi. Ekusetshenzisweni kwezimboni, izinqubo ezifanele zokuphatha, okuhlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezifanele zokuzivikela (i-PPE) kanye nokufakwa kwezinhlelo zokubona igesi, zibalulekile. Esimeni sokuchitheka noma ukukhululwa ngengozi, izinyathelo zokuvimba ngokushesha kufanele zithathwe, futhi ukungathathi hlangothi ngezixazululo ezifanele ze-alkaline kungase kudingeke ukuze kuvinjelwe ukwakheka kwe-HCN.

Sengiphetha, ngenkathi i-sodium cyanide ingaguquguquki ngokuqondile emoyeni ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile ezizungezile, ingaholela ngokungaqondile ekukhululweni kwegesi ye-HCN eguquguqukayo futhi enobuthi ngokusabela kwe-hydrolysis ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile ezifana nokuxhumana namanzi noma ama-acids, noma amazinga okushisa aphakeme. Ukuqonda lezi zindlela kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuphathwa ngokuphephile, ukugcinwa, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide, kanye nokuvikela impilo yabantu kanye nemvelo.