Ungawulungisa Kanjani Umthamo We-Sodium Cyanide Ngokuhambisana Nosayizi Wezinhlayiyana Ze-Ore?

Emkhakheni wokucubungula amaminerali, ikakhulukazi ku- inqubo ye-cyanidation ukukhishwa kwegolide nesiliva, ukulungisa I-Sodium Cyanide umthamo ngokuya ngosayizi wezinhlayiyana ze-ore ubalulekile ekwandiseni i-ore ukusebenza kahle kwe-leaching kanye nokunciphisa izindleko zokukhiqiza. Lesi sihloko sihlose ukuhlinzeka ngomhlahlandlela ophelele wokuthi kwenziwa kanjani ukulungisa okunjalo.

I-Influence Mechanism of Ore Particle size on Cyanidation Reaction

Indawo engaphezulu kanye ne-Reaction Kinetics

Izinhlayiya ze-ore ezicolekile zinendawo ethile enkulu. Nini i-sodium cyanide Isixazululo sihlangana ne-ore, indawo enkulu engaphezulu ivumela amaphuzu amaningi okuxhumana phakathi kwe-ore i-cyanide ama-ion kanye namaminerali aqondiwe (njengegolide noma isiliva). Ngokwe-reaction kinetics theory, izinga lokusabela lilingana nendawo engaphezulu yama-reactants. Isibonelo, ocwaningweni lwe-cyanidation yegolide, kwatholakala ukuthi lapho usayizi wezinhlayiyana ze-ore wehliswa usuka kusayizi omaholoholo wafinyelela ku--38 μm ngesilinganiso sokuqukethwe esingu-75%, izinga lokucwiliswa kwegolide landa kakhulu. Ngezinhlayiya ezicolekile, ama-athomu egolide engeziwe angaphezulu atholakala kuma-ion e-cyanide, okwenza kube lula ukusabela okuphumelelayo.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinhlayiya ezimahhadla, zinendawo encane etholakalayo ukuze ziphendule. Ama-ion e-cyanide angasabela kuphela ngongqimba lwangaphandle lwezinhlayiya, futhi ukusakazeka kwama-ion e-cyanide ngaphakathi kwezinhlayiya ezimahhadla kuhamba kancane. Lokhu kuholela esilinganisweni esiphansi sokusabela kanye nokugeleza okungaphelele kwamaminerali okuhlosiwe ngaphakathi kwezinhlayiya.

Isithiyo Sokusabalalisa

Endabeni yama-ore acolisekile, ibanga ama-ion e-cyanide adinga ukusakazeka ngalo ukuze afinyelele kumaminerali aqondiwe lifushane. Lokhu kunciphisa ukumelana nokusabalalisa futhi kunika amandla ukusabela okusheshayo. Njengoba usayizi wezinhlayiya ze-ore ukhula, indlela yokusabalalisa yama-ion e-cyanide ngokusebenzisa isakhiwo esinezimbotshana zezinhlayiya ze-ore iba yinde. Ukuba khona kwamaminerali e-ganggue ezinhlayiyeni nakho kungasebenza njengesithiyo sokusabalalisa. Isibonelo, uma kunezingqimba zamaminerali e-ganggue angasasebenzi ezizungeze igolide - aqukethe amaminerali ezinhlayiyeni ezimahhadla, kuzothatha isikhathi eside ukuthi ama-ion e-cyanide angene futhi asabele negolide, okuholela ekunciphiseni ukusebenza kahle kokugeleza.

Ukulinganisa Usayizi Wezinhlayiyana Zensimbi

Sieving Analysis

I-Sieving iyindlela evamile futhi eqondile yokunquma usayizi wezinhlayiya ze-ore. Kusetshenziswa isethi yezisefo ezijwayelekile ezinosayizi abahlukene be-mesh. Isampula yensimbi ifakwa esisefweni esiphezulu sesitaki, bese isitaki sinyakaziswa ngomshini isikhathi esithile. Izinhlayiya ezidlula ngesisefo ngasinye ziyaqoqwa futhi zikalwe. Ngokubala iphesenti lenqwaba yezinhlayiya ezigcinwe kusihlungo ngasinye, ukusatshalaliswa kosayizi wezinhlayiyana zesampula ye-ore kungatholakala. Isibonelo, endaweni yokucubungula insimbi yegolide, uma i-ore ihlungwa ngochungechunge lwezisefo ezinobukhulu be-mesh obungama-200. 325. kanye no-400. iphesenti lezinhlayiya ezincane kunosayizi we-mesh ngayinye inganqunywa, okusiza ekuqondeni ukucoleka kwensimbi.

Ukuhlaziywa kosayizi we-Laser Diffraction Particle

Lena indlela ethuthuke kakhulu futhi enembe. Abahlaziyi be-laser diffraction basebenza ngokusekelwe esimisweni sokuthi lapho ugongolo lwe-laser ludlula ohlelweni lwezinhlayiyana ezihlakazekile, izinhlayiya zizohlakaza ukukhanya kwe-laser. I-engeli nokuqina kokukhanya okuhlakazekile kuhlobene nosayizi wezinhlayiyana. Ngokulinganisa ukukhanya okuhlakaziwe, ithuluzi lingakwazi ukubala ukusatshalaliswa kosayizi wezinhlayiyana zesampula ye-ore. Inganikeza ulwazi oluningiliziwe mayelana nalo lonke uhla losayizi wezinhlayiyana, kuhlanganise nezinhlayiya ezinhle kakhulu okungenzeka kube nzima ukuzikala ngokunembile ngokusefa. Le ndlela iwusizo ikakhulukazi lapho usebenzisana nensimbi enobubanzi obubanzi bezinhlayiyana noma lapho kudingeka izilinganiso ezinembe kakhulu ukuze kuthuthukiswe inqubo ye-cyanidation.

Izimiso nezindlela zokulungisa umthamo we-Sodium Cyanide

Izimiso Ezivamile

Ubudlelwano Obulinganiselayo phakathi Kwebanga Elithize

Ngokuvamile, phakathi kwebanga elithile, inani le I-sodium cyanide okwengezwe ngokulingana nendawo engaphezulu yezinhlayiya ze-ore. Njengoba usayizi wezinhlayiya ze-ore uba mncane (indawo enkulu engaphezulu), i-sodium cyanide eyengeziwe iyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusabela okuphelele ngamaminerali okuhlosiwe. Nokho, lobu budlelwano abukho emgqeni unomphela. Uma inani le-sodium cyanide lidlula izinga elithile, ukusebenza kahle kwe-leaching kungase kunganyuki kakhulu, futhi kuzodala ukumoshakala kwamakhemikhali futhi kwenyuse izindleko zokukhiqiza.

Ukucatshangelwa kwezici ze-Ore

Izinhlobo ezahlukene zensimbi zinezinhlobo ezahlukene zamakhemikhali kanye nezakhiwo. Amanye ama-ores angase abe namaminerali adla i-cyanide ions, njengamaminerali athile e-sulfide. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ngisho nangosayizi ofanayo wezinhlayiyana, i-sodium cyanide eyengeziwe ingase idingeke ukuze kuzuzwe umphumela oyifunayo. Isibonelo, uma i-ore iqukethe ingxenye ephezulu ye-pyrite, i-pyrite ingase isabele ngama-ion cyanide nomoya-mpilo esixazululweni, idle i-cyanide. Ngakho-ke, umthamo we-cyanide udinga ukulungiswa ngokuya ngokwakhiwa kwamaminerali athile ensimbi.

Izindlela Zokulungisa

Ukuhlolwa Kwelabhorethri

Ngaphambi kokukhiqizwa kwezimboni ezinkulu, ukuhlolwa kwaselabhorethri kufanele kwenziwe. Lungiselela amasampula ensimbi anosayizi abahlukene bezinhlayiyana ngokugaya nokusefa. Bese, yenza ukuhlolwa kwe-cyanidation leaching kulawa masampuli ngemithamo ehlukene ye-sodium cyanide. Linganisa izinga lokuvuza lamaminerali aqondiwe (isb, igolide noma isiliva) ngaphansi kwezimo ezahlukene. Ngokuhlaziya idatha yokuhlola, thola ubudlelwano phakathi kosayizi wezinhlayiyana ze-ore, umthamo we-sodium cyanide, kanye nezinga leaching. Isibonelo, ngensimbi yegolide enosayizi wezinhlayiyana ezingama--200 (cishe ama-74 μm), ukuhlolwa kwaselabhorethri kungase kubonise ukuthi lapho umthamo we-sodium cyanide unyuswa usuka ku-1 kg/t uye ku-2 kg/t, izinga legolide le-leaching likhuphuka lisuka ku-70% liye ku-85%, kodwa ngokuqhubekayo likhuphule umthamo libe ngu-3 kg/t linyuke ngo-87% kuphela. Le datha ingasetshenziswa njengereferensi yokukhiqizwa kwezimboni.

Ukuqapha Okuku-inthanethi Nokulungiswa Kwemboni Yezimboni

Emkhiqizweni wezimboni, ama-analyzers osayizi wezinhlayiyana aku-inthanethi angafakwa ukuze aqaphe ngokuqhubekayo usayizi wezinhlayiyana zensimbi engena enqubweni ye-cyanidation. Ngokusekelwe ebudlelwaneni obusungulwe ngaphambilini phakathi kosayizi wezinhlayiyana kanye nomthamo we-sodium cyanide ovela ezivivinyweni zaselabhorethri, uhlelo lokudosa okuzenzakalelayo lungalungiswa ngesikhathi sangempela. Isibonelo, uma ukuhlaziya usayizi wezinhlayiyana eziku-inthanethi kuthola ukuthi isilinganiso sikasayizi wezinhlayiyana zensimbi sesicolekile, isistimu yokudosa okuzenzakalelayo ingakhuphula umthamo we-sodium cyanide ngokufanele ukuze kugcinwe ukusebenza kahle kwe-leaching.

Sengiphetha, ukulungisa umthamo we-sodium cyanide ngokwesayizi yezinhlayiyana ze-ore kuwumsebenzi oyinkimbinkimbi kodwa obalulekile enqubweni ye-cyanidation. Ngokuqonda indlela yokuthonya yosayizi wezinhlayiyana ze-ore, ukulinganisa ngokunembile usayizi wezinhlayiyana, nokulandela izimiso nezindlela zokulungisa ezifanele, imboni yokucubungula izimbiwa ingathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwe-cyanidation leaching, inciphise ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali, futhi ithuthukise izinzuzo zezomnotho nezendawo yonke.