Izakhiwo Nezicelo Ze-Sodium Cyanide, Ikhemikhali Enobuthi Kakhulu

Sodium i-cyanide (I-NaCN) iyinhlanganisela ye-inorganic enobuthi kakhulu edume ngokubulala kwayo ngokwedlulele nokuhlukile Izakhi ze-Chemical. Lesi sihloko sicubungula izici zomzimba nezamakhemikhali ze I-sodium cyanide futhi ihlola izinhlelo zayo ezihlukahlukene, kuyilapho igqamisa ukubaluleka okubalulekile kokuphepha nokulawula ukulawula.

Izakhiwo zomzimba nezamaCyctic

I-sodium cyanide iqinile emhlophe, ecwebezelayo efana nosawoti wetafula ngokubukeka. Incibilika kakhulu emanzini, yenza kalula isixazululo esicacile, esingenambala. Lokhu kuncibilika kunomthelela ekusabalaleni kwayo ngokushesha ezindaweni ezinamanzi, okuthuthukisa amandla ayo obuthi. Ngephuzu lokuncibilika elingu-563.7 °C kanye nephuzu elibilayo elingu-1496 °C, I-Sodium Cyanide ibonisa ukuzinza okuphezulu kokushisa ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile.

Amakhemikhali, i-sodium cyanide iyasabela kakhulu. Ihlukanisa emanzini ukuze ikhulule i-cyanide ions (CN-), enesibopho sobuthi bayo. Lapho ithintana nama-acids, i-sodium cyanide isabela ngamandla ukuze ikhiqize i-hydrogen cyanide (HCN), igesi eguquguqukayo kakhulu futhi enobuthi ngokwedlulele. Lokhu kusabela kubangela ingozi enkulu, njengoba ngisho nenani elincane le-asidi lingabangela ukukhululwa kwe-hydrogen cyanide ebulalayo. Ukwengeza, i-sodium cyanide ingasabela ngezinsimbi ezihlukahlukene ukuze yakhe izakhiwo zensimbi ezizinzile ze-cyanide, impahla esetshenziswa kabi ezinqubweni ezimbalwa zezimboni.

Izicelo zezezimboni

Naphezu kobuthi bayo obukhulu, i-sodium cyanide idlala indima ebalulekile emikhakheni eyahlukene yezimboni. Okunye okubaluleke kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide kusembonini yezimayini, ikakhulukazi ekukhishweni kwegolide nesiliva. Inqubo, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-cyanidation, ihilela ukuncibilikisa izinsimbi eziyigugu ezinsimbini zazo kusetshenziswa ingxube ewuketshezi ye-sodium cyanide. Ama-ion e-cyanide enza izinto ezincibilikayo ezinegolide nesiliva, okuvumela ukuhlukana kwazo ne-ore matrix. Le ndlela iphumelela kakhulu futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi ngenxa yekhono layo lokukhipha izinsimbi ezinsimbini zezinga eliphansi, okuyenza ibe namandla ngokwezomnotho ekusebenzeni kwezimayini ezinkulu.

I-sodium cyanide iphinde ithole ukusetshenziswa embonini ye-electroplating. Isetshenziswa njenge-ejenti eyinkimbinkimbi ukuze kuqiniswe ama-ion ensimbi ezindaweni zokugeza ze-electroplating. Ngokwenza ama-complexes azinzile ngama-ion ensimbi, i-sodium cyanide iqinisekisa idiphozithi yensimbi efanayo futhi enamathelayo ku-substrate, okuholela emikhiqizweni yekhwalithi ephezulu ye-electroplated. Lolu hlelo lokusebenza lubaluleke kakhulu ekukhiqizweni kobucwebe, izingxenye zezimoto, nezingxenye ze-elekthronikhi, lapho kudingeka khona ukuqedwa kwensimbi okubushelelezi nokuqinile.

Embonini yamakhemikhali, i-sodium cyanide isebenza njengempahla eluhlaza eyinhloko yokuhlanganiswa kwezinhlanganisela ezihlukahlukene ze-organic kanye ne-inorganic. Isetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwemithi, izibulala-zinambuzane, odayi, namanye amakhemikhali. Isibonelo, i-sodium cyanide isetshenziswa ekuhlanganiseni kwe-cyanohydrin, okuyizinto ezibalulekile ezimaphakathi ekukhiqizeni imithi kanye namakhemikhali e-agrochemicals. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yobuthi bayo, izivumelwano zokuphepha eziqinile kanye nezinqubo zokuphatha kufanele zilandelwe lapho kusetshenziswa i-sodium cyanide ekuhlanganiseni kwamakhemikhali.

Ukuphepha Nokulawula Ukulawula

Uma kubhekwa ubuthi bayo obedlulele, i-sodium cyanide ingaphansi kokulawulwa okuqinile emazweni amaningi. Ukuphathwa, ukugcinwa, kanye nokuthuthwa kwe-sodium cyanide kulawulwa ngokuqinile ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuchayeka ngengozi nokungcoliswa kwemvelo. Abasebenzi abaphatha i-sodium cyanide kudingeka baqeqeshelwe okuyisipesheli futhi bagqoke izinto zokuzivikela ezifanele (i-PPE), okuhlanganisa amagilavu, izibuko, nezinsimbi zokuphefumula. Esimeni lapho kuchitheka noma kudedelwa, kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo zokusabela ngokushesha nezifanelekile ukuze kuncishiswe ubungozi bokuchayeka kanye nokulimala kwemvelo.

Sengiphetha, i-sodium cyanide iyinhlanganisela enobuthi kakhulu kodwa ebaluleke kakhulu ezimbonini enezakhiwo ezihlukile zomzimba namakhemikhali. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo ezimayini, i-electroplating, kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwamakhemikhali kugqamisa ukubaluleka kwayo ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene. Kodwa-ke, ubuthi obudlulele be-sodium cyanide budinga izinyathelo zokuphepha eziqinile kanye nokulawulwa kokulawula ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuvikelwa kwempilo yabantu kanye nemvelo. Njengoba izimboni ziqhubeka nokuthembela ku-sodium cyanide, ucwaningo oluqhubekayo nemizamo yokuthuthukisa igxile ekutholeni ezinye izindlela eziphephile nokuthuthukisa izimiso zokuphepha ukuze kuncishiswe izingozi ezihlobene nokusetshenziswa kwayo.