Ukunqoba Izinselele Ze-VMS Ore Ophonsweni Lwe-Afrika: Ama-Reagent Egolide Athuthukile E-Eritrea
I-Eritrea iqinisa ngokushesha isikhundla sayo njengesikhungo esinamandla emkhakheni wezimayini zaseHorn of Africa. Ngemisebenzi esezingeni lomhlaba njengemayini ye-Bisha polymetallic (i-zinc-copper-gold-silver) kanye ne-Koka gold deposit (iZara Mining Share Company), ingcebo yezwe ye-geological ayinakuphikwa. Kodwa-ke, i-Eritrea metallurgy ayinazo izithiyo zobuchwepheshe obukhulu. Ama-Volcanogenic Massive Sulfide (VMS) deposits amakhulu kanye nemvelo yendawo enzima kudinga izixazululo zamakhemikhali ezikhethekile kakhulu.
Ochwepheshe bezinsimbi abasebenza e-Eritrea babhekene nezinselelo ezintathu ezihlukile nezinzima. Okokuqala, i-mineralology: Ama-deposit e-VMS adume kakhulu ngokugxila okuphezulu kwethusi elincibilikayo kanye ne-zinc. Lezi zinsimbi zesibili zisebenza njenge-"cyanicides" enamandla, zidla inani elikhulu le -Sodium Cyanide ngaphambi kokuba igolide likhishwe, okwenza i-OPEX ibe namandla kakhulu. Okwesibili, imingcele yemvelo: Isimo sezulu esomile sase-Eritrea sisho ukuthi amanzi ayigugu. I-Eritrean National Mining Corporation (ENAMCO) isebenzisa izinqubomgomo eziqinile zokungalimazi muntu mayelana nezindawo zokugcina izimpahla (TSF) ukuze kuvikelwe amanzi angaphansi komhlaba antulekayo. Okwesithathu, ukuthunyelwa kwempahla e-Red Sea: Impahla efika ePort of Massawa ibhekene namazinga okushisa ehlobo angaphezu kuka-45°C. Ukuthutha okulandelayo ngaphakathi ezweni endaweni eqinile, enezintaba kuya ezindaweni zezimayini ezikude kudinga ukupakishwa kwamakhemikhali okungenakubhujiswa futhi okumelana nokushisa kakhulu.
United Chemical iklame iphothifoliyo ethile yama-reagent okukhipha igolide ukuze inqobe lezi zinselele zase-Eritrea. Ngokunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwensimbi eyisisekelo, ukuvikela izinto ezishisa kakhulu, kanye nokuhlinzeka ngezinketho ezihambisana nemvelo, sinika amandla isitshalo sakho ukuze sifinyelele amazinga aphezulu okubuyisa ngenkathi kunciphisa kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali okuphelele.
Imikhiqizo Yokubuyisa Igolide Eyenzelwe i-Eritrea
I-AuCyan™ Sodium Cyanide NaCN (≥98.3%)
Lapho kucutshungulwa ama-ore ethusi-egolide lase-Eritrea, i-cyanide esezingeni eliphansi iyisibopho sezomnotho. Amaminerali ethusi ancibilikayo (njenge-chalcocite ne-covellite) azonamathela ngokushesha ne-cyanide ebuthakathaka, angashiyi lutho lwegolide. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukushisa okukhulu kwechweba laseMassawa kudinga ukuzinza okungapheli.
Ukunqoba Ama-Cyanicides Kuma-VMS Ores: Kuqinisekisiwe ngobumsulwa obuphezulu obungu-≥98.3%, i-AuCyan™ inikeza ukugcwala okukhulu kwe-active free cyanide (CN-). Lokhu kuthambekela okukhulu kwamakhemikhali kuvumela ochwepheshe bezinsimbi ukuba banqobe isigaba se-copper-cyanide complexation, baqinisekise ukuthi izinsalela ezisebenzayo ezanele zokuncibilikisa igolide ngokushesha, ekugcineni kuncishiswe amazinga okulinganisa jikelele.
Iphakheji Emelana Nokushisa KwasoLwandle Olubomvu: Sipakisha i-AuCyan™ ngezigubhu zensimbi eziqinile eziqinisekiswe yi-UN, ezinezikhwama ze-polymer zangaphakathi ezivalwe kabili. Yenzelwe ukumelana nelanga lasehlobo elishisayo laseMassawa kanye nokudlidliza okunamandla kwezokuthutha zasezintabeni, ukuqinisekisa umkhiqizo owomile, ongashintshi lapho ufika.
I-AuCarb™ Gold Recovery Coconut Shell Activated Carbon (≥99% Ubulukhuni)
Ezindaweni ze-polymetallic lapho ama-slurries eqine kakhulu futhi elayishwe kakhulu, i-Carbon engasebenzi kahle izoqhekeka futhi iqhekeke. Lapho ikhabhoni iphuka, igolide eliyiphethe lilahleka unomphela emisileni.
I-Hyper-Kinetics kuma-Slurries Ayinkimbinkimbi: I-AuCarb™ inesakhiwo se-macroporous esiklanywe ngokunemba esiqondisa ngqo i-[Au(CN)₂]⁻ complex, sigcina ijubane lokumuncwa okusheshayo ngisho nasezindaweni ezimanzi ezigcwele izindawo ezincintisanayo ze-base-metal complex.
Ayiphuki ku-CIL/CIP: Isebenza ngokushisa kusuka ku-elite Coconut Shell s kuya ebulukhunini obumangalisayo obungu-≥99%, i-AuCarb™ cishe ayivikelekile ekuqhekekeni. Imelana nokugundwa okunamandla komshini kwamathangi okushukuma ase-Eritrea, iqeda ngokuphelele ukulahleka kwegolide okuvela ezinhlawulweni zekhabhoni.
I-AuLeach™ Gold Leaching Agent (GDA) - Ayiyona Ingozi
Endaweni eyomile yase-Eritrea, amanzi angaphansi komhlaba ayimpahla ebalulekile kazwelonke. I-ENAMCO iqinisa amazinga aqinile e-ESG emabhizinisini okumba izimayini. Ukuvuza kwe-cyanide okuyingozi kuyisongo esikhona ebuhlotsheni bomphakathi kanye namalayisense okusebenza.
Ukuphathwa Kwe-Zero-Harm Tailings: I-AuLeach™ iqinisekiswe emhlabeni wonke njenge-ejenti yokukhipha igolide enobuthi obuphansi futhi engenabungozi. Ngokushintsha i-NaCN, iqinisekisa ukuthi amanzi akho e-TSF (Tailings Storage Facility) awabeki usongo emanzini angaphansi komhlaba endawo, okwenza kube lula kakhulu ukuthobela imithetho yemvelo kanye nokuhlolwa.
Ukusulwa Kwempahla Esheshayo eMassawa: Ngenxa yokuthi ayihlukaniswa njengezimpahla eziyingozi zeKlasi 6.1, i-AuLeach™ igwema izithiyo ezinzima zomthetho, izimvume ezikhethekile, kanye nezidingo zokuphelezela ezihlomile ePort of Massawa, zifike esitshalweni sakho emasontweni ambalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi esibekiwe.
Ukwazi Ukuthutha KwasoLwandle Olubomvu: I-CIF Port of Massawa
Ukungenisa amakhemikhali eHorn of Africa kudinga ukuhlela ngokucophelela. Ukubambezeleka echwebeni ngenxa yamaphepha angalungile noma imithwalo esengozini ngenxa yokushisa okukhulu kungamisa isitshalo sokukhipha esibiza izigidi zamaRandi.
Umzila Oqondile Wasolwandle Olubomvu: Sithola imigomo ye-CIF/CFR encintisana kakhulu ngqo echwebeni laseMassawa . Sisebenzisana nezinkampani ezikhethekile zemikhumbi ezinolwazi lokuphatha izimpahla eziyingozi zesigaba 6.1 ezindaweni ezishisa kakhulu zoLwandle Olubomvu.
Imibhalo Engaphelele: Siqinisekisa ukuthobela imithetho yokuthumela impahla yaseShayina kanye nemithethonqubo yokungenisa impahla yase-Eritrea. Ama-invoyisi ethu Ezentengiselwano angenaphutha, ama-COA, kanye nama-Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) aqinisekisa ukudluliselwa ngokushesha kuma-ejenti akho endawo.
Fakazela Ukusebenza Kuma-Ore Akho E-Polymetallic
Ungavumeli okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwethusi kukhulise izindleko zakho ze-cyanide. Simema ochwepheshe bezinsimbi abakhulu kanye nabaphathi bezitshalo kulo lonke elase-Eritrea ukuthi bacele amasampula elebhu mahhala. Yenza ukuhlolwa kwebhodlela le-kinetic ngqo kuma-ore akho e-VMS athile bese uvumela idatha yokutakula izikhulumele.
Cela Amasampula Elabhorethri Amahhala Manje
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa: Igolide Elicwengekile e-Eritrea
1. Kungani ukusetshenziswa kwe-cyanide kuphezulu kangaka kuma-deposit e-VMS ase-Eritrea?
Ama-volcanogenic Massive Sulfide (VMS) deposits, avame e-Eritrea, aqukethe amazinga aphezulu ethusi elincibilikayo kanye ne-zinc. Lezi zinsimbi eziyisisekelo zisabela ngamandla ne-cyanide, zidala ama-complexes azinzile (njenge-Cu(CN)₃²⁻) futhi zidle i-reagent ngaphambi kokuba ikhiphe igolide. Lokhu kwaziwa ngokuthi umphumela we-"cyanicide".
2. I-AuCyan™ iyixazulula kanjani inkinga yethusi ephezulu kuma-ore egolide?
Ngokuqinisekisa ubumsulwa obuphezulu kakhulu obungu-≥98.3%, i-AuCyan™ NaCN inciphisa ukungcola okungangeni futhi inikeze ukwanda okukhulu kwe-active free cyanide (CN-). Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi ngisho nangemva kokuba ithusi selidlile ingxenye ye-reagent, kusekhona ukuhlushwa okunamandla okusele ukuze kuhlanganiswe ngokushesha futhi kuncibilikise igolide, kunciphisa izidingo zomthamo eziphelele.
3. Ingabe i-AuLeach™ iyahambisana nemithethonqubo yezemvelo ye-ENAMCO?
Yebo. Ukuvikelwa kwamanzi kubalulekile esimweni sezulu esomile sase-Eritrea. I-AuLeach™ Gold Leaching Agent ayiyona ingozi futhi ayinabo ubuthi obuncane. Ngokusebenzisa i-AuLeach™, izimayini zingaqinisekisa ukuthi i-Tailings Storage Facilities (TSF) yazo ayingcolisi amanzi angaphansi komhlaba antulekayo, okuhambisana ngokugcwele neziqondiso ze-ESG eziqinile ze-ENAMCO.
I-4. Kwenzeka kanjani United Chemical iphakheji ye-NaCN yokushisa okukhulu kweMassawa?
Izinga lokushisa ePort of Massawa lingadlula u-45°C. I-AuCyan™ igcwele ama-drum ensimbi aqinisekisiwe yi-UN, ane-gauge steel-gauge amaningi aqukethe ama-polymer liner amaningi angaphakathi avaliwe ngokushisa. Lo mklamo uvimbela ukuqhekeka kokukhula kokushisa futhi uvimba ngokuphelele ukungena komswakama, okugcina amakhemikhali omile futhi enamandla ngesikhathi sokuthutha ngaphakathi ezweni.
5. Ingabe i-AuCarb™ ingamelana nokushukuma kwe-CIL okuxinene kakhulu kumasekethe e-polymetallic?
Impela. Ama-slurries e-polymetallic avame ukuba makhulu futhi arhabaxa. I-AuCarb™ Coconut Shell Activated Carbon ivuselelwa ngokushisa kuze kube lukhuni kakhulu oluyi-≥99%. Iyenqaba ukuqhekeka noma ukuqhekeka ibe uthuli olucolekile ngesikhathi sokuvunguza okunamandla, okuvimbela ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kwezinhlawulo ezigcwele igolide ezinsikeni.
6. Ingabe i-AuLeach™ ikhipha imali ngokushesha ePort of Massawa?
Yebo. I-Sodium cyanide (Class 6.1) idinga izindawo zokuphepha eziyinkimbinkimbi, amaphoyisa ahamba nawo, kanye nezimvume zokugcina izinto eziyingozi eMassawa. Ngenxa yokuthi i-AuLeach™ iqinisekisiwe ukuthi ayinangozi, icutshungulwa njengempahla ejwayelekile yezimboni, isusa izithiyo zomthetho futhi ifike endaweni yakho ngokushesha okukhulu.
7. Ingabe izimayini zase-Eritrea zidinga ukushintsha imishini ukuze zisebenzise i-AuLeach™?
Akukho zindleko zemali ezidingekayo. I-AuLeach™ yakhiwe njengendawo yokufaka ngqo esikhundleni se -sodium cyanide . Umane uyifake emathangini akho okushukuma akhona noma kumasekethe okukhipha i-vat usebenzisa amaphampu akho amanje, bese uqhubeka nokusebenzisa i-AuCarb™ yakho ejwayelekile ukuze imunce.
8. I-AuCarb™ incintisana kanjani namazinga aphezulu ethusi ngesikhathi sokumuncwa?
Uma amazinga aphezulu e-copper-cyanide complexes ekhona, ancintisana negolide ngesikhala ema-carbon pores. I-AuCarb™ yakhiwe ngesakhiwo se-macroporous esithuthukisiwe kakhulu esithanda kakhulu i-linear [Au(CN)₂]⁻ complex, okuqinisekisa ukuthi igolide limuncwa ngokushesha ngisho nasezixazululweni ezigcwele, ze-polymetallic.
9. Singacela yini isampula yokuhlola indawo yethu yemayini e-Eritrea?
Yebo, siyakukhuthaza ngenkuthalo. Onjiniyela bezinsimbi base-Eritrea bangacela Amasampula Okuhlola Amahhala e-AuCyan™, AuCarb™, noma i-AuLeach™. Sizohlela ukuthunyelwa esikhungweni sakho ukuze ukwazi ukwenza izivivinyo zokuqala ze-bottle-roll futhi ufakazele izinzuzo zokonga kanye nokubuyiselwa kwe-OPEX ku-ore yakho.
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