Ukukhiqizwa Kwe-Sodium Cyanide e-China: Ukugxila Endleleni Yokuqhekeka Amafutha Alula

I-sodium cyanide, ikhemikhali ebalulekile esetshenziswa ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi ezimayini zegolide kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwamakhemikhali, ikhiqizwa ngezindlela ezimbalwa. E-China, ama-primary amane Izinqubo Zokukhiqiza ziyaziwa: i I-Light Oil Cracking Method, indlela yentukuthelo, i Indlela ye-Sodium Ammonia, kanye nendlela yomkhiqizo we-acrylonitrile. Lesi sihloko sicubungula izici zendlela yokuqhekeka kwamafutha alula, egqama ngokusebenza kahle kwawo nokuphepha.

Uhlolojikelele Lwendlela Yokuqhekeka Amafutha Akhanyayo

Indlela yokuqhekeka kwamafutha alula ihlukaniswa ngokusetshenziswa kwayo kwamafutha okukhanya azinzile njengento eluhlaza, ehlanganiswe ne-petroleum coke njengesithwali. Le ndlela isebenza emazingeni okushisa aphezulu okusabela, okusiza ukuguqulwa okusebenzayo kwezinto zokusetshenziswa zibe I-Sodium Cyanide. Esinye sezici eziphawuleka kakhulu zale nqubo izinga lokusebenzisa elihlaba umxhwele; inqubo ifinyelela ukusetshenziswa kwe-100% yamafutha alula, iqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izinto zokufakwayo ziguqulwa ngempumelelo zibe yimikhiqizo.

Isivuno Esiphezulu Nempumelelo

Ngaphezu kwesilinganiso sayo esiphezulu sokusetshenziswa, indlela yokuqhekeka uwoyela okhanyayo inemiphumela emangalisayo yenqubo ye-ammonia ewuketshezi, edlula ama-90%. Lesi sivuno esikhulu sibalulekile ekusebenzeni kwezomnotho kwenqubo yokukhiqiza, njengoba kukhulisa umkhiqizo ngenkathi kunciphisa ukumosha. Ukusebenza kahle kwale ndlela akugcini nje ukufaka isandla enzuzweni ye Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Sodium Cyanide kodwa futhi ihambisana nesidingo esikhulayo sezinqubo zokukhiqiza ezisimeme kanye nezinsiza.

Inqubo Yokukhiqiza Eyenziwe Lula

Isethaphu yokukhiqiza yendlela yokuqhekeka kawoyela okhanyayo ihlelwe yaba amasistimu ambalwa abalulekile, ngalinye lidlala indima ebalulekile kuyo yonke inqubo:

• I-Raw Material Storage kanye nohlelo Lokuthutha: Lolu hlelo lubhekele ukuphathwa ngendlela ephephile nangempumelelo kwezinto zokusetshenziswa, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uwoyela omncane kanye ne-petroleum coke kutholakala kalula ngenqubo yokukhiqiza.

• Isistimu yokuqhekeka kokusabela: Enhliziyweni yenqubo yokukhiqiza, lolu hlelo lusiza ukusabela kwamakhemikhali okudingekayo ukukhiqiza i-sodium cyanide. Amazinga okushisa aphezulu nezimo ezilawulwayo ngaphakathi kwalolu hlelo zibalulekile ukuze kuzuzwe uguquko lwamakhemikhali olufunekayo.

• Uhlelo Lokwelapha Igesi Yesithando: Lokhu Isistimu ilawula amagesi akhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokusabela, iqinisekisa ukuthi noma yikuphi ukukhishwa okuyingozi kuyalashwa futhi akubeki ubungozi emvelweni noma empilweni yomuntu.

• Isistimu Yokumunca Umkhiqizo Ophelile: Once I-sodium cyanide kukhiqizwa, lolu hlelo lunesibopho sokuthumba nokugcina umkhiqizo wokugcina, olungele ukusatshalaliswa ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene.

• Uhlelo Lokwelapha Amanzi Angcolile Nezinsalela: Isibopho sezemvelo siwukucatshangelwa okubalulekile ekukhiqizweni kwamakhemikhali esimanje. Lolu hlelo luqinisekisa ukuthi noma iyiphi imfucuza ekhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza iphathwa ngendlela efanele, inciphisa umthelela emvelweni.

Ukucatshangelwa kokuphepha kanye nemvelo

Ukuphepha kubaluleke kakhulu ekukhiqizeni i-sodium cyanide, uma kubhekwa ubuthi bekhemikhali. Indlela yokuqhekeka kwamafutha alula isebenzisa indlela yokukhiqiza iluphu evaliwe, enciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokuvuza nokuchayeka ezintweni eziyingozi. Ngokugcina ukusebenza komfutho we-micro-negative, uhlelo luqinisekisa ukuthi noma yikuphi ukukhishwa okungaba khona kuqukethwe ngaphakathi kwendawo yokukhiqiza.

Ukukhiqizwa kwesistimu okuqhubekayo kuthuthukisa ukuphepha, njengoba kuvumela ukuqapha nokulawula isikhathi sangempela senqubo yokukhiqiza. Le ndlela yokushesha yokuphatha ukuphepha ayigcini nje ngokuvikela abasebenzi kodwa futhi iqinisekisa ukulandelwa kwemithetho eqinile yezemvelo.

Isiphetho

Indlela yokuqhekeka kawoyela okhanyayo yokukhiqizwa kwe-sodium cyanide e-China iyisibonelo sendlela yesimanje yokukhiqiza amakhemikhali, ebonakala ngokusebenza kahle okuphezulu, ukuphepha, kanye nesibopho semvelo. Ngesilinganiso sayo esingu-100% sokusebenzisa uwoyela omncane kanye nesivuno esingaphezu kuka-90% se-ammonia ewuketshezi, le ndlela igqama njengenketho ehamba phambili kubakhiqizi abahlose ukuhlangabezana nesidingo esikhulayo se-sodium cyanide kuyilapho bebambelela emikhubeni eqhubekayo. Njengoba imboni iqhubeka nokuvela, indlela yokuqhekeka uwoyela omncane kungenzeka idlale indima ebalulekile ekulolongeni ikusasa lokukhiqizwa kwe-sodium cyanide.