Izidingo Zobuchwepheshe Zokugxusha, Ukuhlanganisa kanye Nokufafaza Kunqubo Yokuvuza Inqwaba Yegolide

The Igolide inqwaba leaching inqubo kuhlanganisa ukunqwabelanisa insimbi yegolide yezinga eliphansi noma imisila yokuntanta phezu kwesisekelo kanye nokufafaza ngomjikelezo I-sodium cyanide isixazululo sokuncibilikisa igolide ku-ore futhi uyibuyisele esixazululo esikhulelwe. Le nqubo ikakhulukazi ihlanganisa ukwakhiwa kwendawo yokucwilisa, ukukhishwa kwensimbi ngaphambi kwesikhathi (ukuchotshozwa noma ukucutshungulwa), ukunqwabelana, ukucwiliswa kwesifutho, ukubuyiswa kwegolide esixazululweni esikhulelwe, kanye nokubulala amagciwane kanye nokuthulula inqwaba yemfucumfucu. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhishwa, imingcele eminingi idinga ukulawulwa ukuze kuzuzwe imiphumela emihle yokuhlomula. Lesi sihloko sizokwethula izidingo zobuchwepheshe ze-granulation, ukunqwabelanisa nokufafaza.

1. I-granulation

Ukuze kube nempumelelo yenqubo yokucwilisa inqwaba yegolide, izinto zokucwilisa kumele zibe nokungena kahle ukuze kuvumeleke i-cyanide isisombululo sokudlula ngokulinganayo enqwabeni ye-ore. I-ore eminingi idinga ukuchotshozwa ibe ngu-25.4mm noma icoliseke ngaphambi kwegranulation ukuze kuvezwe igolide eliqukethwe ensimbi futhi kuthuthukiswe izinga lokutholwa kwegolide.

Ngesikhathi se-granulation, inani le-lime elisetshenzisiwe kufanele lifinyelele inani le-pH eliphakathi kuka-9.5 - 10.5. Ngenxa yomswakama ophezulu we-ore (enamanzi angaphezu kuka-10%) kanye nokungcola okuningi kwe-ore, ukugxila I-Sodium Cyanide kufanele kwandiswe ngesikhathi se-granulation. Ukuhlushwa kwe i-sodium cyanide ilawulwa cishe ku-60 - 150 amagremu ngethani ngalinye lensimbi yegolide. Inani lamanzi eliphelele lama-granules ngokuvamile akufanele lidlule u-30%, ngaphandle kwalokho ama-granules athambekele ekuxegisweni futhi athambe. Isikhathi sokwelashwa kufanele sibe ngaphezu kwamahora angama-72. Uma lina ngesikhathi se-granulation, izinhlamvu kufanele zimbozwe ukuvimbela ukulahleka kwegolide.

2. Ukucwecwa

Indawo yokulethela inqwaba yegolide ingasethwa endaweni eyehlelayo, esigodini noma endaweni eyisicaba. Kodwa-ke, endaweni eyisicaba, i-slope engu-3% - 5% iyadingeka. Ukuphakama kwenqwaba ye-ore akufanele kube phezulu kakhulu ekuqaleni, okungcono amamitha angu-3 - 4, futhi kungandiswa ngemva kokuzinza kwezinga le-leaching.

Ngemva kokuhlanza nokulinganisa inhlabathi, kudingeka ukwelashwa okulwa nokuvuza kwamanzi. Ukuze kuvikelwe inqwaba yetshe, kufanele kubekwe imisele yokukhipha amanzi ezikhukhuleni izungeze indawo yokukhipha amanzi. Ingqimba yomqamelo yendawo yokukhipha amanzi ingabekwa ubukhulu obungaba ngu-0.5m esisekelweni esihlanganisiwe, bese kuba ne-sodium I-CarbonIsixazululo esithambile sifuthwa kuso ukuze sithuthukise ukusebenza kwaso kokungaphumi kwamanzi.

3. Ukufafaza

3.1 Futha Ukugxila

Izinhlayiya ze-agglomerated ore emva kwe-granulation akufanele zigezwe futhi. Inani le-pH kufanele lilungiswe ngenqubo ye-granulation. Ngenxa yokwakheka okuyinkimbinkimbi kwama-ores egolide, ukugcwala kwe-sodium cyanide ngesikhathi sokufafaza kokuqala kungakhuphuka ngokufanelekile. Ingalawulwa ku-0.1% - 0.08% ngesikhathi esiphezulu (lapho ukugxila kwegolide kuphezulu kakhulu), bese kungehliswa ku-0.08% - 0.06%. Esigabeni sakamuva, singancishiswa sibe ngu-0.04% - 0.02%. Ukuhlushwa kwe-sodium cyanide kungalungiswa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ngokusho kokuqukethwe kwegolide kusixazululo esikhulelwe.

3.2 Umjikelezo Wokufutha

Isikhathi sokufafaza ngokuvamile amahora angama-7 - 8 ngosuku, futhi akufanele sidlule amahora ayi-10 (kodwa umthamo kufanele uncishiswe). Ngokuvamile, ifafazwa ihora elingu-1 futhi ime ihora elingu-1 noma ifafaze ihora elingu-1 bese ima amahora angu-2. Isikhathi sokufafaza akufanele sibe side kakhulu, ukuze inqwaba ye-ore ikwazi ukuphefumula umoya-mpilo uma ingafafazi. Uma isikhathi sokufafaza siside futhi imvamisa iphezulu, izokwandisa umthamo wesisombululo, inciphise ukugcwala kotshwala kamama, futhi ichithe i-sodium cyanide. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuzokwandisa umthamo wotshwala kamama futhi kuthinte umthamo we-adsorption wekhabhoni elayishwe igolide.

3.3 Ukuqina Kwesifutho

Ukuqina kokufutha kuhlobene nesikhathi sokufutha kanye nenani lokufutha. Ngokuvamile, ukuqina kokufutha kufanele kulawulwe ku-6 - 20L/m2•h (6 - 20L/m2×hora), futhi okungenani akufanele kudlule ku-25 - 30L/m2•h (okungabalwa ngokuya ngendawo yendawo yokukhuhla, inani lokufutha lansuku zonke kanye nesikhathi). Uma ukuqina kokufutha kuphezulu, kuzokwandisa ivolumu yesisombululo esikhulelwe, kunciphise ukugcwala kwegolide, futhi kuthinte amandla okumunca kwe- Ikhabhoni Esebenzayo (ngokuvamile, amandla okumunca i-activated carbon angu-8 - 10kg/t). Uma umthamo wesisombululo esikhulelwe mkhulu, ngaphakathi kwesikhathi esifanayo sokumunca, ngenxa yokuhlushwa kwegolide okuphansi, inani lokumunca lizoncipha futhi isikhathi sokumunca sizokwelulwa, okuzophinde kwandise umthwalo womsebenzi kanye nezindleko zesistimu yokumunca kanye ne-electrolysis. Ngakho-ke, inani lokumunca akufanele libe likhulu kakhulu futhi imvamisa yokumunca akufanele ibe phezulu kakhulu.

Sengiphetha, lokhu okungenhla kuyizidingo zobuchwepheshe zokuhlanganisa imbudumbudu, ukunqwabelanisa kanye nokufafaza enqubweni yegolide yokuleaching. Indlela yokukhishwa kwenqwaba yegolide isetshenziswa kakhulu ngenxa yenqubo yayo elula, imishini embalwa kanye nezindleko eziphansi. Emkhiqizweni wangempela, abanikazi bezimayini kufanele banake ukulawula imingcele yesixhumanisi ngasinye ukuze kuqinisekiswe imiphumela emihle yokuleaching.