Izinzuzo ze-Sodium Cyanide Ekukhiqizeni Igolide

Sodium i-cyanide sekuyisikhathi eside ebambe isikhundla esibalulekile embonini yezimayini nokumba igolide. Naphezu kwemvelo yayo enobuthi obukhulu, izakhiwo zayo eziyingqayizivele ziyenza ibe yikhemikhali engenakushintshwa Ukukhiqizwa kwegolide izinqubo. Lesi sihloko sizohlola izinzuzo ezihlukahlukene ze I-sodium cyanide ekukhiqizweni kwegolide, kanye nokuqonda okujulile kwezici zalo zomzimba namakhemikhali.

1. Amandla Aphezulu Okuncibilikisa Egolide

Enye yezinzuzo eziphawuleka kakhulu ze I-Sodium Cyanide igolide layo eliqine ngokwedlulele - ikhono lokuncibilika. Ku Ukukhishwa kwegolide, yakha izakhiwo ezizinzile ezinama-ion egolide, okuvumela ukuhlukaniswa okuphumelelayo kwegolide nensimbi. Lesi sakhiwo sithuthukisa kakhulu izinga lokukhishwa, okuvumela abavukuzi ukuthi bathole igolide eliningi ngenani elinikeziwe le-ore. Ngenxa yalokho, kusiza ukukhulisa inzuzo yezomnotho evela emisebenzini yokumba igolide.

2. Izindleko - Ukusebenza kahle

Izindleko ziyisici esibalulekile kunoma iyiphi inqubo yezimboni, futhi i-sodium cyanide inikeza inzuzo ehlukile kulokhu. Ayibizi kakhulu uma iqhathaniswa namanye amaningi egolide - amakhemikhali akhiphayo. Lokhu kubiza - ukusebenza kahle kwenza kube inketho ekhangayo kubakhiqizi begolide, ikakhulukazi labo abasebenza ngezinga elikhulu. Ngokunciphisa izindleko zamakhemikhali, i-sodium cyanide inomthelela ekwehliseni izindleko zokukhiqiza zizonke, ngaleyo ndlela kwandise inzuzo yezimayini zegolide.

3. Ukuzinza Okuhle

I-sodium cyanide ibonisa ukuzinza okuhle kakhulu, okuzuzisa kokubili ukugcinwa nokusetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni igolide. Ikhona njengento eqinile, esesimweni samagranules amhlophe ayi-cubic crystalline noma impushana. Ingagcinwa kalula ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokuwohloka okukhulu. Lapho incibilika emanzini noma i-ammonia ewuketshezi, igcina izakhiwo zayo zamakhemikhali, iqinisekisa ukusebenza okungaguquki phakathi nenqubo yokukhipha igolide.

4. Ukusebenziseka kalula

Ukusetshenziswa okungokoqobo kwe-sodium cyanide ekukhiqizeni igolide kuqondile. Ukuncibilika kwayo emanzini kuvumela ukulungiswa kalula kwezixazululo ezingasetshenziswa kalula ezinkambisweni zokukhipha. Abasebenzi bangakwazi ukuphatha lezi zixazululo kalula, ngokulandela imigomo efanele yokuphepha.

Izakhiwo zomzimba nezamaCyctic

Izakhiwo

I-sodium cyanide iqinile ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile. Inezinhlayiya ezimhlophe ze-cubic crystalline noma impushana. Incibilika kalula emanzini nase-ammonia ewuketshezi. Lapho incibilika emanzini, isisombululo sayo sidlula i-hydrolysis, okuholela ekuphenduleni kwe-alkaline.

I-Chemical Reactivity

Endaweni enomswakama, i-sodium cyanide ingase iphuze futhi ikhulule igesi ye-ammonia. Ukusabela kwamakhemikhali kungokulandelayo: NaCN + H₂O + ½O₂ = NaHCO₃+NH₃↑. I-sodium cyanide inobuthi kakhulu. Ngisho nokuxhumana okuncane nesikhumba, izilonda ezivulekile, noma ukuhogela umoya omncane ngomzuzu (okungenani amamiligremu angu-0.5) kungaholela ebusheni obubulalayo. Uma ihlangana nama-asidi, iyabola ikhiqize igesi ye-hydrogen cyanide enobuthi obukhulu. Ama-microgram angu-0.02 nje e-hydrogen cyanide angaba usongo olukhulu empilweni yomuntu. Ukwengeza, ukuxuba i-sodium cyanide ne-chlorate noma i-sodium (potassium) nitrite kungabangela ukusabela kokuqhuma.

Naphezu kwezinzuzo zayo eziningi, ukusetshenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide ekukhiqizeni igolide kudinga izinyathelo eziqinile zokuphepha kanye nezivumelwano zokuvikela imvelo ngenxa yobuthi bayo obukhulu. Abakhiqizi kufanele balandele izindinganiso zokuphepha zamazwe ngamazwe ukuze banciphise ubungozi obuhlobene nokuphathwa kwayo, ukugcinwa, nokulahlwa kwayo.