Iqhaza Le-Sodium Sulfide Ekucubunguleni Amaminerali

Isingeniso

Emkhakheni oyinkimbinkimbi futhi obalulekile we ukucubungula amaminerali, ama-reagents amakhemikhali ahlukahlukene adlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukuhlukaniswa nokukhishwa kwamaminerali abalulekile. Phakathi kwalokhu, i-sodium sulfide (Na₂S) igqama njengekhemikhali eguquguqukayo futhi esetshenziswa kabanzi. Inemisebenzi eminingi ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zokusebenza kokucubungula amaminerali, ikakhulukazi ku ukuntanta izinqubo, eziyisisekelo ekubuyiseni kahle amaminerali asuka ezitsheni.

Izakhiwo Zamakhemikhali ze-Sodium Sulfidi

I-sodium sulfide ingusawoti otholakala ku-hydrogen sulfide, i-dibasic acid ebuthakathaka. Ezixazululweni ezinamanzi ekamelweni lokushisa kanye nomfutho womoya owodwa, phakathi kwezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezingu-30 zamangqamuzana ne-ionic sulphur, ziyisithupha kuphela ezizinzile ngokwe-thermodynamically: HSO₄⁻, SO₄²⁻, H₂S, HS⁻, ne-S²⁻. I-pH yohlelo lwe-aqueous iwukuguquguquka okubalulekile kokulawula ekufakweni kwe-hydrogen sulfide. Ngaphansi kwe-pH 6. I-"molecular hydrogen sulfide" iwuhlobo lwesulfure encishisiwe evelele. Ku-pH 7. izinhlobo zesibabule esincishisiwe esixazululweni zihlukaniswa ngokulinganayo phakathi kwe-"dissolved hydrogen sulfide" kanye nezinhlobo ze-bisulfide (HS⁻), kanti i-HS⁻ iwuhlobo oluyinhloko ebangeni le-pH lika-8 - 11.

Imisebenzi ye-Sodium sulfide ekucubunguleni amaminerali

Inhibitor ye-Sulfide Minerals

I-sodium sulfide iyasebenza inhibitor kumaminerali amaningi e-sulfide uma esetshenziswa ngobuningi. Ukuhleleka komphumela wawo ovimbelayo kumaminerali e-sulfide ngokuvamile kuncipha ngale ndlela elandelayo: i-galena, i-sphalerite, i-chalcopyrite, i-bornite, i-covellite, i-pyrite, ne-chalcocite. Ngokuphawulekayo, ngenxa yokuntanta kwemvelo okuhle kakhulu kwe-molybdenite, i-sodium sulfide ayikwazi ukuyivimbela. Lesi sici sisetshenziselwa ukugeleza kwe-molybdenite, lapho i-Na₂S ingasetshenziswa ukucindezela ukugeleza kwamanye amaminerali e-sulfide, okuvumela ukuhlukaniswa okukhethiwe kwe-molybdenite.

I-Sulfidizing Agent ye-Non - Ferrous Metal Oxide Ores

I-non-ferrous metal oxide ores ayikwazi ukuthunjwa ngokuqondile ngabaqoqi be-xanthate. Kodwa-ke, lapho i-sodium sulfide yengezwa ku-pulp ye-ore ngaphambi kwe-xanthate flotation, iphendulana nengaphezulu lamaminerali e-non-ferrous metal oxide. Lokhu kusabela kubangela ukwakheka kwefilimu elincanyana lamaminerali e-sulfide phezu kwamaminerali e-oxide. Ngokwesibonelo, lapho insimbi eholayo emhlophe ihlangana ne-sodium sulfide, umbala wayo ongaphezulu uyashintsha usuke komhlophe ube mnyama; futhi lapho i-malachite isabela ne-sodium sulfide, umbala wayo ongaphezulu uyashintsha usuka koluhlaza uye kumnyama omnyama. Lezi zinguquko zombala zibonisa ukwakheka okuphumelelayo kwefilimu ye-sulfide ehlukile kumaminerali okuqala. Ngemuva kwe-sulfidization, i-xanthate ingabamba ngempumelelo la maminerali, ngaleyo ndlela ithuthukise ukubuyiswa kwe-flotation ye-non-ferrous metal oxide ores.

I-Desorbing Agent ye-Sulfide Mineral Mixed Concentrates

Uma kusetshenziswa inani elikhulu le-sodium sulfide, lingancisha abaqoqi bohlobo lwe-xanthate abakhangiswe ebusweni bamaminerali. Ekuhlukaniseni umthofu - i-zinc exutshwe okugxilwe noma ithusi - i-lead exutshwe ukugxila, i-ore pulp ingaqale igxilwe. Khona-ke, inani elikhulu le-sodium sulfide liyengezwa ukuze kukhishwe abaqoqi endaweni yamaminerali. Ngemuva kwalokho, i-pulp iyagezwa, futhi amanzi ahlanzekile engeziwe ukuze aphinde alungise i-pulp ukuze i-flotation yokuhlukana elandelayo. Le nqubo isiza ukuqeda ukugxambukela kwabaqoqi bokuqala futhi ivumela ukuhlukaniswa okuphumelelayo kwamaminerali ahlukahlukene ekugxilweni okuxubile.

Ukuqeda Ama-Ions Ayingozi Ku-Ore Pulp

I-sodium sulfide ingasabela ngama-ion amaningi ensimbi ukuze yenze i-insoluble sulfide precipitate. Ku-pulp ye-ore, kuvame ukuba nama-ion ensimbi angaba nomthelela omubi ekuntanteni, njengama-ion athile ensimbi esindayo. Ngokungeza i-sodium sulfide, la ma-ion ensimbi ayingozi angasuswa ku-ore pulp ngendlela ye-sulfide precipitates, ngaleyo ndlela yakhe indawo yamakhemikhali ekahle yokuntanta kanye nokwenza ngcono ukusebenza kahle kwe-flotation jikelele.

Izinto Ezithinta Ukusetshenziswa Kwe-Sodium Sulfide Ekucubunguleni Amaminerali

1. I-Ore Mineralogy: Ukuhlukahluka kwe-ore mineralology kungaba nomthelela omkhulu. Isibonelo, ku-oxide ore sulfidization, ukuba khona kwamaminerali ahlukene njenge-galena, i-sphalerite, ne-cerussite ku-ore kungenza inqubo yokusabela ibe nzima. Ngokufanayo, ukuba khona kwamaminerali ahlukahlukene e-oxide afana ne-malachite, i-azurite, i-atacamite, ne-chrysocolla ndawonye futhi kuthinta umphumela we-sulfidization.

2. I-Sodium Sulfide - Isebenzisa Amaminerali: Amaminerali afana ne-pyrite, i-marcasite, i-talc, i-cerussite, ubumba, i-slimes, usawoti womhlaba we-alkaline, i-gypsum, nama-chlorides angadla i-sodium sulfide. Lokhu kusetshenziswa kungase kuholele emalini enganele ye-sodium sulfide etholakalayo ukuze kutholakale ukusabela okufunayo ohlelweni lokuntanta, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphise ukusebenza kwayo.

3. Inani le-pH: Ngemithamo ephezulu ye-sodium sulfide, i-pH ye-ore pulp ingaba ngokweqile. Lesi simo esibi se-pH singase singagcini nje ngokuthinta ukusabela kwamakhemikhali e-sodium sulfide enamaminerali kodwa futhi sibe nomthelela ekusebenzeni kwamanye ama-reagents ohlelweni lokuntanta, ekugcineni kuthinte ukuhlukaniswa nokubuyiselwa kwamaminerali.

4. Indawo kanye Nenombolo Yezigaba Zokwengeza I-Sodium Sulfide: Iphuzu kanye nenani lezikhathi i-sodium sulfide engezwa ngayo ngesikhathi senqubo yokuntanta nakho kubalulekile. Izindawo zokungezwa ezingalungile noma inombolo engafanele yezigaba zokwengeza zingase zibangele ukusatshalaliswa okungalingani kwe-sodium sulfide ku-ore pulp noma ukusabela okufika ngesikhathi, kokubili okunganciphisa ukusebenza kahle kwemisebenzi yayo.

5. Ukubunjwa kwamanzi: Ukwakheka kwamanzi asetshenziswa enqubweni yokuntanta, ikakhulukazi okuqukethwe kwe-calcium, i-magnesium ion, nobulukhuni bamanzi, kungasebenzisana ne-sodium sulfide namaminerali. Lokhu kusebenzisana kungase kukhuthaze noma kuvimbele ukusabela kwe-sodium sulfide, ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte indima yayo ekucutshungulweni kwamaminerali.

Isiphetho

I-sodium sulfide idlala indima ehlukahlukene futhi ebaluleke kakhulu ekucutshungulweni kwamaminerali, ikakhulukazi ekuntanteni. Imisebenzi yayo njenge-inhibitor, i-agent ye-sulfidizing, i-ejenti ye-desorbing, kanye nekhono layo lokuqeda ama-ion ayingozi kunomthelela omkhulu ekuhlukaniseni okuphumelelayo nasekubuyiseleni amaminerali abalulekile avela ezinhlotsheni ezihlukahlukene ze-ores. Kodwa-ke, ukusebenzisa ngokugcwele amandla e-sodium sulfide, kuyadingeka ukucabangela ngokucophelela nokulawula izici ezihlukahlukene ezingase zithinte ukusebenza kwayo endaweni eyinkimbinkimbi yokucubungula amaminerali. Ngokwenza kanjalo, imboni yokucubungula izimbiwa ingafinyelela amazinga aphezulu okutholwa kwezinsiza, izindleko eziphansi zokukhiqiza, kanye nentuthuko esimeme.