Iyini inani le-pH ye-sodium cyanide, futhi ihluke kanjani ku-sodium chloride?

I-sodium cyanide (i-NaCN) iyinhlanganisela ye-inorganic eye yadonsa ukunakwa okukhulu kwezakhiwo zayo eziyingqayizivele kanye nokusebenza, ikakhulukazi ezimbonini zezimayini namakhemikhali. Le nto yekristalu engenambala, efana noshukela ngokubukeka, incibilika kakhulu emanzini futhi yaziwa ngobuthi bayo obunamandla. Ngokungqubuzanayo, I-Sodium Chloride (I-NaCl), evame ukwaziwa ngokuthi usawoti wetafula, iyinhlanganisela engenabuthi edlala indima ebalulekile ezinqubweni ezihlukahlukene zebhayoloji nezimboni. Lesi sihloko sibheka ngokucophelela i-pH ye I-Sodium Cyanide, ukuthi ihluke kanjani ku-sodium chloride, kanye nemiphumela yokusetshenziswa kwayo.

Izakhiwo zamakhemikhali kanye nenani le-pH

I-sodium cyanide iyi-alkaline. Uma incibilika emanzini, ingena ku-hydrolysis ukuze yakhe ama-ion e-hydroxide (OH⁻) nama-ion cyanide (CN⁻). I-pH ye-a i-sodium cyanide Isixazululo siyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi ukuhlushwa kwe-NaCN kuyo. Ngokuvamile, izixazululo ze-sodium cyanide zine-pH enkulu kuno-7. okubonisa ukuthi zine-alkaline. Lesi sakhiwo sibalulekile ezinhlelweni ezahlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi ezinqubweni ezidinga ibanga elithile le-pH ukuze kusebenze kahle.

Ngokuphambene, i-sodium chloride ayithathi hlangothi, ine-pH esondele ku-7 uma incibilika emanzini. Lo mehluko oyisisekelo ku-pH ungenye yezinto ezibalulekile ezihlukanisa i-sodium cyanide ku-sodium chloride, okuthinta ukusetshenziswa kwazo nokuphepha.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide

I-sodium cyanide yaziwa ngokuyinhloko ngendima yayo Izimayini zegolide, lapho isetshenziselwa ukukhipha igolide ensimbi phakathi nenqubo ye-cyanidation. Inhlanganisela yakha inkimbinkimbi enegolide, ngaleyo ndlela ihlukanise namanye amaminerali. Le ndlela iphumelela kakhulu futhi iye yamukelwa kabanzi embonini yezimayini. Ngaphezu kokukhipha igolide, i-sodium cyanide nayo isetshenziswa ekukhishweni kwesiliva nokuhlukahlukene I-Electroplating izinqubo, lapho isebenza khona njengomthombo wama-ion e-cyanide, enza kube lula ukubekwa kwezinsimbi endaweni engaphezulu.

Ngaphezu kwezicelo zezimayini, i-sodium cyanide isetshenziswa I-Organic Synthesis kanye nokukhiqizwa kwemithi. Kuyi-reagent eyinhloko ekwenzeni i-organic nitrile compounds, ebalulekile ekukhiqizeni amakhemikhali ahlukahlukene kanye nezinto zokwakha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-sodium cyanide isetshenziswa njenge-reagent kukhemikhali yokuhlaziya ukuthola ama-ion athile ensimbi.

Naphezu kokusetshenziswa kwayo okubanzi, i-sodium cyanide ibeka izingozi ezinkulu ngenxa yobuthi bayo obukhulu. Inhlanganisela ayinaphunga, kodwa uma i-hydrolyzed ikhipha amanani amancane I-Hydrogen Cyanide (HCN), igesi enobuthi kakhulu enephunga elifana nelama-alimondi ababayo. Le ndawo yenza i-sodium cyanide ibe yingozi kakhulu, njengoba ukuchayeka kuyo kungaholela emiphumeleni enzima yezempilo, okuhlanganisa ukwehluleka ukuphefumula nokufa.

Izinkinga Zokuphepha kanye Nobuthi

Ubuthi be-sodium cyanide abukwazi ukubukelwa phansi. Ihlukaniswa njengento eyingozi kakhulu futhi ingabangela ukufa ngisho nangenani elincane. Inhlanganisela ingangena emzimbeni ngokuhogela, ngokumunca noma ukuthinta isikhumba, okubangela ukuqala ngokushesha kwezimpawu ezinjengobuhlungu bekhanda, isiyezi, ukudideka kwengqondo, futhi ezimeni ezinzima, ngisho nokulahlekelwa ukwazi nokufa. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi umthamo obulalayo we-sodium cyanide kumuntu omdala ungaba ngu-200-300 mg, okwenza kube amakhemikhali ayingozi kakhulu asetshenziswa namuhla.

Ngenxa yemvelo yayo eyingozi, kunemithetho eqinile mayelana nokuphathwa, ukugcinwa kanye nokulahlwa kwe-sodium cyanide. Izimboni ezisebenzisa le khompiyutha kufanele zisebenzisa izivumelwano zokuphepha ezibanzi ukuze zivikele abasebenzi kanye nemvelo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zokuzivikela (i-PPE), izinhlelo ezifanele zokungenisa umoya kanye nezinhlelo zokusabela ezimeni eziphuthumayo esimweni sokuchayeka ngengozi noma kuchitheke.

Ukuqhathanisa ne-Sodium Chloride

I-sodium chloride, ngakolunye uhlangothi, iyinhlanganisela enobungozi ebalulekile empilweni yabantu nasezinqubweni zezimboni. Ivamise ukusetshenziswa njengesinambithelo sokudla kanye nesilondolozi futhi idlala indima ebalulekile ekugcineni ibhalansi ye-electrolyte emzimbeni. Ekusetshenzisweni kwezimboni, i-sodium chloride isetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni i-chlorine ne-caustic soda, kanye nasezinkambisweni zokwelashwa kwamanzi.

Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-sodium cyanide ne-sodium chloride ugqamisa ukubaluleka kokuqonda amakhemikhali kanye nomthelela wawo kwezokuphepha nempilo. I-sodium chloride iphephile ukusetshenziswa futhi inokusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene okuzuzisayo, kuyilapho i-sodium cyanide iveza ubungozi obukhulu futhi idinga ukuphathwa nokulawulwa ngokucophelela.

 Ekuphetheni

I-sodium cyanide iyinhlanganisela enamandla futhi eguquguqukayo enezicelo ezibalulekile ezimayini zegolide, i-organic synthesis, kanye ne-electroplating. Kodwa-ke, ubuthi bayo obuphezulu kanye nezingozi ezingaba khona zidinga izinyathelo eziqinile zokuphepha nemithethonqubo. Ukuqonda i-pH nekhemikhali ye-sodium cyanide, kanye nokuthi ihluke kanjani ku-sodium chloride, kubalulekile kunoma ubani osebenza noma ofunda lezi zinhlanganisela. Njengoba izimboni ziqhubeka nokuthembela ku-sodium cyanide ekusetshenzisweni okuhlukahlukene, ucwaningo oluqhubekayo nokuthuthuka kwezokuphepha kubalulekile ukuze kuncishiswe izingozi ezihlobene nale nto eyingozi.

Kafushane, ngenkathi i-sodium cyanide idlala indima ebalulekile ezinhlobonhlobo zezinqubo zezimboni, izingozi zayo azikwazi ukushaywa indiva. Ukuqwashisa nokufundisa mayelana nezakhiwo zayo, ukusetshenziswa, nezindlela zokuphepha kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe impilo yabantu kanye nemvelo.