Umthelela Wamabanga Ahlukene Ensimbi Ekusetshenzisweni Kwe-Sodium Cyanide Ekusebenzeni Kwezimayini

Emkhakheni wezimayini, ikakhulukazi ezinqubweni zokukhishwa kwegolide lapho i-cyanidation iyindlela evamile, ukuqonda ubudlelwano phakathi Ibanga le-ore futhi I-Sodium Cyanide ukusetshenziswa kubalulekile. Isodium i-cyanide idlala indima ebalulekile ekuncibilikiseni igolide elisuka ku-ore matrix, kodwa inani elidingekayo lingahluka kakhulu kuye ngebanga le-ore ecutshungulwayo.

Ukuqonda Ibanga Le-Ore

I-ore grade ibhekisela ekugxilweni kwezimbiwa ezibalulekile, njengegolide, ngaphakathi kwensimbi. Insimbi yezinga eliphezulu iqukethe inani elikhulu lamaminerali adingekayo, kanti ama-ore asezingeni eliphansi ane-concentration ephansi kakhulu. Isibonelo, insimbi yegolide yezinga eliphezulu ingase iqukathe amagremu ambalwa egolide ngethani le-ore, kuyilapho i-ore yezinga eliphansi ingaba ngaphansi kwegremu elilodwa ngethani.

Inqubo yeCyanidation

The Inqubo ye-cyanidation kusebenzisa i-sodium cyanide izixazululo ukusabela ngegolide ore. Lapho kukhona umoya-mpilo, ama-ion e-cyanide ngaphakathi I-sodium cyanide isixazululo hlanganisa negolide ukwakha inkimbinkimbi encibilikayo. Lokhu kusabela kwamakhemikhali kuvumela igolide ukuba lihlukaniswe ne-ore matrix, okwenza kube lula ukulikhipha. Le nqubo isetshenziswa kakhulu ngoba iyasebenza ekukhipheni igolide ezinhlotsheni ezihlukahlukene zensimbi.

Umthelela Webanga Le-Ore Ekusetshenzisweni Kwe-Sodium Cyanide

High - Grade Ores

Ukusetshenziswa Kwesihlobo Esiphansi: Uma usebenzisana nezinsimbi zezinga eliphezulu, inani le-sodium cyanide elidingekayo ngeyunithi ngayinye yamaminerali abalulekile (isb., igremu ngalinye legolide) ngokuvamile liphansi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kukhona ukugxila okuphezulu kwe-mineral target kumthamo omncane we-ore. Isibonelo, uma i-ore yegolide yezinga eliphezulu iqukethe amagremu angu-10 egolide ngethani, futhi idinga u-2 kg we-sodium cyanide ngethani lensimbi ukuze kuzuzwe izinga elisebenzayo lokukhipha, Ukusetshenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide igremu ngalinye legolide ngu-0.2 kg. Inani eliphansi kakhulu le-ganggue (amaminerali angewona abalulekile ensimbini) kuma-ore esezingeni eliphezulu lisho ukuthi kunokusabela okuseceleni okumbalwa okungadla i-cyanide.

I-Faster Reaction Kinetics: Izinsimbi zezinga eliphezulu zivame ukusabela ngokushesha ngesisombululo se-cyanide. Ukugcwala okuphezulu kweminerali eqondiwe kunikeza izindawo eziningi zokusabela kwe-cyanide - igolide. Ngenxa yalokho, inqubo yokukhipha ingaqedwa ngesikhathi esifushane, okungase futhi kube nomthelela ekunciphiseni ukusetshenziswa kwe-cyanide. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi uma ikhambi le-cyanide lihlala isikhathi eside lithinta insimbi, maningi amathuba okuthi lidliwe ukusabela okuseceleni okufana ne-hydrolysis noma ukusabela nokunye ukungcola kwensimbi.

Low - Grade Ores

Ukusetshenziswa Okuphakeme Okuhlobene: I-ore yezinga eliphansi ngokuvamile idinga inani eliphezulu le-sodium cyanide ngeyunithi ngayinye yeminerali ebalulekile. Cabanga ngensimbi yegolide yezinga eliphansi equkethe kuphela amagremu angu-0.5 egolide ngethani. Ukuze kuzuzwe isilinganiso esiphusile sokukhipha, kungase kudinge u-1.5 kg we-sodium cyanide ngethani le-ore. Kulokhu, ukusetshenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide ngegremu ngalinye legolide kungu-3 kg, okuphakeme kakhulu kunesibonelo se-ore yezinga eliphezulu. Isizathu salokhu ukuthi kunomthamo omkhulu wamaminerali e-ganggue kuma-ore asezingeni eliphansi. Lawa maminerali e-ganggue angasabela nge-cyanide, noma ngokwenza ama-complex noma ngokusebenzisa umoya-mpilo esixazululweni, kokubili okwandisa imfuneko ye-cyanide.

Izilinganiso Zokusabela Ezinensa: Inqubo yokukhipha insimbi yezinga eliphansi ivamise ukuhamba kancane. Ukugxila okuphansi kwamaminerali aqondiwe kusho ukuthi ama-ion e-cyanide kufanele afune umthamo omkhulu we-ore ukuze athole futhi asabele negolide. Lesi sikhathi eside sokuphendula singaholela ekwandeni kokusetshenziswa kwe-cyanide ngenxa yokusabela okuseceleni. Ukwengeza, kwezinye izimo, ukunxephezela izinga lokusabela kancane, ukugxila okuphezulu kwe-cyanide kungase kusetshenziswe esixazululweni, kuqhubeke kwandise ukusetshenziswa okuphelele.

Ezinye Izinto Ezithinta Ubudlelwano

I-mineralogy ye-Ore: Ukuba khona kwamanye amaminerali ku-ore kungaba nomthelela omkhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwe-cyanide kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-ore grade. Amaminerali anjengethusi, i-zinc, i-arsenic, ne-antimony angasabelana ne-cyanide, akhe izakhiwo ezizinzile futhi ngaleyo ndlela adle i-cyanide ebingatholakala ukuze kukhishwe igolide. Isibonelo, amaminerali ethusi angasabela nge-cyanide ukuze enze i-copper - cyanide complexes, futhi uma i-ore iqukethe inani elikhulu lethusi, ukusetshenziswa kwe-cyanide kuzokwanda kakhulu, ngisho nakuma-ores egolide ezinga eliphezulu.

Usayizi Wezinhlayiyana kanye Nendawo Yokuphezulu: Ubukhulu bezinhlayiya ze-ore nendawo yazo engaphezulu nakho kunendima. Insimbi ecolekile inendawo engaphezulu, engathuthukisa ukuxhumana phakathi kwesixazululo se-cyanide nezinhlayiya zegolide. Kodwa-ke, uma i-ore ingaphezu komhlaba, ingaphinda yenyuse inani lamaminerali e-ganggue avele obala futhi atholakale ukuze asabele nge-cyanide. Lesi sici singaba nomthelela ekusetshenzisweni kwe-cyanide ngendlela ehlukile kuma-ores ebanga eliphezulu neliphansi, kodwa ngokuvamile, ukulawulwa okufanele kosayizi wezinhlayiyana kubalulekile ukuze kusetshenziswe ngokugcwele i-cyanide.

Isiphetho

Kafushane, ibanga le-ore linomthelela omkhulu enanini le-sodium cyanide edingekayo enqubweni ye-cyanidation. Insimbi yezinga eliphezulu ngokuvamile idinga i-sodium cyanide encane ngeyunithi ngayinye yeminerali ebalulekile futhi ibe ne-kinetics yokusabela ngokushesha, kuyilapho i-ores yezinga eliphansi idinga amanani aphezulu e-cyanide futhi ngokuvamile anezilinganiso zokusabela ezihamba kancane. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izici ezifana ne-mineralogy ye-ore kanye nosayizi wezinhlayiyana nazo zidinga ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela lapho kunqunywa umthamo ophelele we-sodium cyanide emisebenzini yezimayini. Ngokuqonda lobu budlelwano, abavukuzi bangakwazi ukukhipha amaminerali abalulekile ngendlela ephumelelayo futhi ebiza kakhulu kuyilapho benciphisa umthelela wendawo ohlobene nokusetshenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide.