Kungani I-Sodium Cyanide Isetshenziswa Embonini Yezindwangu?

Sodium i-cyanide (I-NaCN) iyinhlanganisela yamakhemikhali enesisindo semolekyuli esingu-49.007 g/mol, ebonakala njengokuqinile okucwebezelayo okumhlophe. Inobuthi obukhulu futhi idinga ukuphathwa ngokucophelela okukhulu. Naphezu kobuthi bayo, i-sodium cyanide idlala izindima ezimbalwa ezibalulekile ku imboni yezembatho. Lesi sihloko sizohlola le misebenzi ngokuningiliziwe.

Imiphi imisebenzi eyenzayo I-Sodium Cyanide ungene ukuphrinta kwendwangu kanye nokudaya?

I-Mordant kuzinqubo zokudaya

Ekudayeni izindwangu, a ukuluma into esetshenziselwa ukusiza odayi ukuthi banamathele endwangu. I-sodium cyanide ingasebenza njenge-mordant ezinqubweni ezithile zokudaya. Yakha ama-complexes ane-ion yensimbi ekhona kwamanye amadayi kanye nemicu yendwangu. Isibonelo, endabeni yamadayi emvelo aqukethe insimbi - aqukethe ama-chromophores (ingxenye ye-molecule ebhekele umbala), I-sodium cyanide ingathuthukisa ukubopha phakathi kwedayi nefiber. I-cyanide ion (CN⁻) inokuhlobana okuqinile kwama-ion ensimbi. Ingakha ama-coordination complexes, abuye avale igebe phakathi kukadayi nendwangu, okuholela ekudayeni okungenambala futhi okuhlala isikhathi eside.

I-Synthesis of Textile Fibers

Cishe yonke imicu yokwenziwa esetshenziswa embonini yendwangu incike ku-sodium cyanide phakathi nenqubo yokukhiqiza. Isibonelo, ekuhlanganisweni kwenayiloni, enye yezintambo zokwenziwa ezivame kakhulu, i-sodium cyanide isetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni i-adiponitrile, eyisihluthulelo esimaphakathi. Indlela yokusabela ibandakanya ukusetshenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide ukwethula amaqembu e-nitrile. Endabeni yezintambo ze-polyester, nakuba le nqubo iyinkimbinkimbi futhi ngokuvamile ihilela ukusabela kwamakhemikhali okuhlukile uma kuqhathaniswa ne-nylon, i-sodium cyanide isengakwazi ukubandakanyeka ekuhlanganiseni kwezinye zezinto zokuqala noma ezinkambisweni ezithile ze-catalytic. Le micu yokwenziwa isetshenziswa kakhulu embonini yendwangu ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezifiselekayo njengamandla, ukuqina, nokumelana nokushwabana, kanti i-sodium cyanide idlala indima ebalulekile ekukhiqizeni kwayo.

Ukukhiqizwa Kwedayi

I-sodium cyanide isetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni odayi abahlukahlukene abasetshenziselwa ukuphrinta izindwangu nokudaya. Isebenza njengento eluhlaza ekuhlanganisweni kwezinhlobo ezithile zamadayi, ikakhulukazi lawo anezakhiwo zamakhemikhali eziyinkimbinkimbi. Isibonelo, ekukhiqizeni abanye odayi abasebenzayo, abasetshenziswa kakhulu ukudaya imicu ye-cellulosic njengokotini, i-sodium cyanide ingase ihileleke enqubweni ye-multi-step synthesis. Odayi abasebenzayo bakha izibopho eziqinile nama-molecule e-fiber ngesikhathi sokudaya, okunikeza umbala omuhle kakhulu. Izinhlanganisela eziqukethe i-cyanide zingasetshenziswa ukwakha amaqembu asebenzayo ngaphakathi kwe-molecule kadayi anesibopho salokhu kwakheka kwebhondi eqinile.

Njengoba kunikezwe ubuthi bayo, yikuphi ukucatshangelwa kokuphepha kanye nemvelo okukhona mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide embonini yendwangu?

Ukuhogela umoya, ukuthinta isikhumba, noma ukumunca ngisho nenani elincane le-sodium cyanide kungaba yingozi kubantu. Kungabangela amaseli ukuthi angakwazi ukusebenzisa umoya-mpilo, okuholela ekufeni kwamangqamuzana ngokushesha futhi ekugcineni, uma umthamo owanele umuncwa, ukufa komuntu ngamunye.

Ngokombono wemvelo, ukulahlwa ngendlela efanele kwanoma iyiphi imfucuza equkethe i-sodium cyanide kubalulekile. Uma ikhishelwa emanzini, i-sodium cyanide ingasebenza ku-hydrolyze yakhe igesi ye-hydrogen cyanide, nayo enobuthi obudlulele futhi engaba usongo empilweni yasemanzini kanye ne-ecosystem ezungezile. Emazweni amaningi, kunemithetho nemithetho eqinile elawula ukugcinwa, ukuphathwa nokulahlwa kwe-sodium cyanide ezindaweni zezimboni, okuhlanganisa izindawo zokunyathelisa nezindwangu zokudaya. Le mithethonqubo ihlose ukunciphisa ubungozi bezingozi nokungcoliswa kwemvelo.

Sengiphetha, i-sodium cyanide, naphezu kobuthi bayo obaziwayo, idlala indima ebalulekile ekunyatheliseni izindwangu nokudaya, kusukela ekwenzeni udayi - ukubopha indwangu njenge-mordant ibe yingxenye ebalulekile ekuhlanganisweni kwemicu yendwangu kanye nodayi. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yobuthi bayo obukhulu kanye nezingozi ezingase zibe khona kwemvelo, ukusetshenziswa kwayo kufanele kuqashelwe futhi kulawulwe ngokucophelela. Njengoba imboni yezindwangu iqhubeka nokuthuthuka, kwenziwa imizamo yokuthuthukisa ezinye izinqubo namakhemikhali angafinyelela imiphumela efanayo ngaphandle kwezingozi ezihlobene nokusebenzisa i-sodium cyanide.