Yiziphi izinkinga okufanele zinakwe lapho uthutha i-sodium cyanide?

Sodium i-cyanide ikhemikhali enobuthi kakhulu esetshenziswa kakhulu ezimbonini ezifana nezimayini, i-electroplating, kanye nokukhiqiza amakhemikhali. Ngenxa yobuthi bayo obedlulele namandla okubangela ukulimala okukhulu empilweni yomuntu kanye nemvelo, ezokuthutha I-Sodium Cyanide idinga ukunakekelwa okukhulu kanye nokubambelela ngokuqinile ezimisweni zokuphepha. Lesi sihloko sichaza izinyathelo ezibalulekile okufanele zithathwe lapho kuthutha le nto eyingozi.

Ukuthobela Ukulawula

1. Izimvume kanye Nelayisensi: Ngaphambi kwanoma yikuphi ukuthutha kwe i-sodium cyanide kungenzeka, kubalulekile ukuthola zonke izimvume namalayisense adingekayo kuziphathimandla ezifanele zokulawula. Lezi zimvume ngokuvamile zibandakanya ukubonisa ukuthotshelwa kwemithetho yezokuphepha, ukuba nezinhlelo ezifanele zokubhekana nezimo eziphuthumayo, kanye nokukhombisa ukuthi izisebenzi zezokuthutha ziqeqeshwe ngokwanele. Isibonelo, emazweni amaningi, izinkampani zidinga ukufaka isicelo semvume ekhethekile yokuthutha izinto eziyingozi, engadinga ukuvuselelwa nokuhlolwa njalo.

2. Ukuhambisana Nemithethonqubo: Ukuthobela imithetho yezokuthutha kazwelonke neyamazwe ngamazwe. E-United States, uMnyango Wezokuthutha (DOT) unemithetho eqinile mayelana nokupakishwa, ukulebula, nokuthuthwa kwezinto eziyingozi njenge I-sodium cyanide. Ikhodi Yempahla Eyingozi Yasolwandle Yamazwe Ngamazwe (i-IMDG) kufanele ilandelwe kwezokuthutha olwandle, futhi Isivumelwano SaseYurophu esiphathelene Nokuthuthwa Kwamazwe Ngamazwe Kwempahla Eyingozi Ngomgwaqo (ADR) sisebenza kwezokuthutha zomgwaqo eYurophu. Le mithethonqubo ihlanganisa izici ezifana nenani eliphezulu elivumelekile ngemoto ngayinye noma isiqukathi ngasinye, imikhawulo yesivinini, kanye nemikhawulo yemizila.

Ukupakisha kanye Nokuqukethwe

1. Ukupakisha Okuqinile: Sebenzisa izinto zokupakisha ezidizayinelwe ngqo ukuphatha imvelo ebolayo neyingozi ye-sodium cyanide. Ukupakishwa kufanele kwenziwe ngezinto ezifana ne-high-density polyethylene (HDPE) noma insimbi, kuye ngohlobo lwe-sodium cyanide (eqinile noma ewuketshezi). I-sodium cyanide eqinile ivame ukuhanjiswa ngezigubhu zensimbi ezivaliwe noma amabhokisi e-fiberboard ahlanganiswe nepulasitiki. I-Liquid sodium cyanide idinga ukupakishwa okukhethekile kakhulu, okufana namathangi ensimbi angagqwali noma iziqukathi zepulasitiki ezikwazi ukumelana nokugqwala.

2. Ukufaka uphawu kanye nokukhipha umoya: Qinisekisa ukuthi wonke amaphakheji avalwe ngokuqinile ukuze uvimbele ukuvuza. Endabeni ye-sodium cyanide ewuketshezi, izimpawu kufanele zikwazi ukumelana noshintsho lwengcindezi ngesikhathi sokuthutha. Ezinye iziqukathi zingase futhi zidinge amasistimu okukhipha umoya afanele ukuze zikhulule noma iyiphi ingcindezi eyakhelwe phezulu ngokuphepha. Nokho, ukungenisa umoya kufanele kuklanywe ngendlela evimbela ukuphuma kwentuthu enobuthi endaweni ezungezile.

3. Ukulebula nokumaka: Lebula ngokucacile wonke amaphakheji ngezexwayiso eziyingozi ezifanele. Amalebula kufanele abonise ukuthi okuqukethwe yi-sodium cyanide, kanye nophawu “Lobuthi” kanye nolwazi olumayelana nokusingatha okufanele esimweni esiphuthumayo. Izimpawu kufanele futhi zifake inombolo ye-UN (i-1689 ye-sodium cyanide eqinile kanye ne-1935 yezixazululo ze-sodium cyanide), esiza abaphenduli bezimo eziphuthumayo ukukhomba ngokushesha into uma kwenzeka ingozi.

Imvelo Ezokuthutha

1. Ukulawula izinga lokushisa kanye nokuswakama: I-sodium cyanide kufanele ihanjiswe endaweni lapho izinga lokushisa nomswakama kulawulwa ngokucophelela. Amazinga okushisa aphezulu angandisa ingozi yokubola noma ukusabela kwamakhemikhali, kuyilapho umswakama owedlulele ungabangela ukwakheka kwegesi enobuthi ye-hydrogen cyanide. Isibonelo, phakathi nezinyanga zasehlobo, amaloli angase adinge ukuthi afakwe amagumbi okushisa - alawulwayo ukuze agcine i-sodium cyanide ingaphakathi kwebanga lokushisa eliphephile.

2. Ukugwema Ukungcola: Gcina i-sodium cyanide kude nezinye izinto ezingase zihlangane nayo. Akufanele ihanjiswe ngemoto efanayo nama-acids, ama-oxidizing agents, noma izinto ezisebenza emanzini. Ukuvuza okuncane kwe-asidi eduze kwesitsha se-sodium cyanide kungaholela ekukhiqizweni kwegesi ye-hydrogen cyanide enobuthi kakhulu, eyingozi kakhulu kubo bobabili abasebenzi bezokuthutha nendawo ezungezile.

Ukuqeqeshwa Nokuphepha Kwabasebenzi

1. Ukuqeqeshwa Okukhethekile: Bonke abasebenzi abathintekayo ekuthuthweni kwe-sodium cyanide, okuhlanganisa abashayeli, abalayishi, kanye nabaphelezeli, kufanele bathole ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile mayelana nokuphatha izinto eziyingozi. Lokhu kuqeqeshwa kufanele kufake izakhiwo ze-sodium cyanide, izinqubo zokuphendula izimo eziphuthumayo, kanye nokusetshenziswa okufanele kwemishini yokuzivikela yomuntu siqu (PPE). Ukuqeqeshwa kufanele kuvuselelwe njalo ukuze kuhambisane nanoma yiziphi izinguquko emithethweni yokuphepha noma izinqubo ezihamba phambili.

2. Isikhali Sokuzivikela Somuntu siqu: Ukuhlinzeka futhi uqinisekise ukusetshenziswa kwe-PPE efanele. Abasebenzi kufanele bagqoke amakhemikhali - amasudi angazweli, amagilavu, izibuko, nama-respirators. Imishini yokuphefumula kufanele yakhelwe ngokukhethekile ukuhlunga intuthu enobuthi njenge-hydrogen cyanide. I-PPE kufanele ihlolwe njalo ukuze kutholakale noma yiziphi izimpawu zokuguga futhi ishintshwe njengoba kudingeka.

3. UHlelo Lwezimpendulo Eziphuthumayo: Yiba nohlelo oluphelele lokuphendula izimo eziphuthumayo. Lolu hlelo kufanele lubandakanye izinqubo zokubhekana nokuchitheka, ukuvuza, noma izingozi. Abasebenzi kufanele bazi ukuthi bangayihlukanisa kanjani ngokushesha indawo ethintekile, bazise iziphathimandla ezifanele, futhi baqale izinyathelo zosizo lokuqala uma kunesidingo. Ukuzivocavoca kwezimo eziphuthumayo kufanele kwenziwe njalo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi bonke abasebenzi bayawazi umsebenzi wabo kanye nezibopho zabo ngesikhathi sezimo eziphuthumayo.

Ukuhlela Umzila Nokuqapha

1. Ukukhetha Umzila Ophephile: Hlela umzila wezokuthutha ngokucophelela, ugweme izindawo eziminyene, izikole, izibhedlela, nezindawo ezinezamukeli zemvelo ezibucayi. Imizila kufanele ikhethwe ngokusekelwe ezicini ezifana nomthamo wethrafikhi, izimo zomgwaqo, kanye nokutholakala kwezinsizakalo eziphuthumayo. Kwezinye izimo, izimvume ezikhethekile zingadingeka ukuze kuthuthwe i-sodium cyanide ezindaweni ezithile.

2. Ukuqapha Kwezimoto: Sebenzisa amadivaysi okulandelela ukuze uqaphe indawo kanye nokunyakaza kwemoto ethutha i-sodium cyanide. Lokhu kuvumela ukulandelela ngesikhathi sangempela uma kuba khona noma yikuphi ukuchezuka emzileni ohleliwe noma esimweni esiphuthumayo. Amanye amasistimu athuthukile angakwazi futhi ukuqapha isimo sempahla, njengezinga lokushisa nokucindezela ngaphakathi kweziqukathi.

Ukuthutha i-sodium cyanide kuwumsebenzi oyinkimbinkimbi futhi onengozi enkulu odinga ukuhlela ngokucophelela, ukuthobela imithetho ngokuqinile, nokuzibophezela ekuphepheni kuzo zonke izigaba. Ngokulandela lezi zinyathelo zokuphepha, izingozi ezihlobene nokuthutha lesi sithako esinobuthi obuphezulu zingancishiswa, kuvikelwe kokubili izimpilo zabantu kanye nemvelo.