Ezokuthutha Eziphephile kanye Nokugcinwa Kwe-Sodium Cyanide

Sodium i-cyanide iyinhlanganisela yamakhemikhali anobuthi kakhulu esetshenziswa kakhulu ezinqubweni ezehlukene zezimboni, njengezimayini, i-electroplating, kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwamakhemikhali. Ngenxa yobuthi bayo obudlulele kanye namandla okulimaza imvelo kanye nabantu, izinyathelo zokuphepha eziqinile kufanele zisetshenziswe ngesikhathi sayo Transportation futhi Storage. Lesi sihloko sihlose ukunikeza ukubuka konke okuphelele kwezivumelwano zokuphepha kanye nemikhuba engcono kakhulu ehambisana nokuthuthwa nokugcinwa I-sodium cyanide.

Ukuthuthwa kweSodium Cyanide

Pre - Amalungiselelo ezokuthutha

1.Ukupakisha Okufanelekile

• I-sodium cyanide kufanele ifakwe ezitsheni ezivalwe ngokuqinile, ezingagqwali. Lezi zitsha ngokuvamile zenziwe ngezinto ezifana ne-high - density polyethylene (HDPE) noma insimbi enezintambo ezifanele. Iphakheji kufanele yakhelwe ukuvikela noma yikuphi ukuvuza ngesikhathi sokuphatha okuvamile, ukudlidliza kwezokuthutha, kanye nomthelela ongaba khona.

• Isitsha ngasinye kufanele sibhalwe ngokucacile igama lekhemikhali “I-Sodium Cyanide,” isigaba sayo esiyingozi (6.1 sezinto ezinobuthi), nezimpawu eziyisixwayiso ezifanele, kuhlanganise nogebhezi - kanye - nophawu lwamathambo awelanayo.

2.Imibhalo

• Ngaphambi kokuthutha, imibhalo enemininingwane yokuthumela kufanele ilungiswe. Le mibhalo kufanele ifake ulwazi mayelana nenani le i-sodium cyanide iyathuthwa, imvelaphi yayo, indawo okuyiwa kuyo, kanye nolwazi lokuxhumana oluphuthumayo. Amaphepha okuthumela kufanele ahambisane nemithetho yezokuthutha yamazwe ngamazwe nekazwelonke, njenge-International Maritime Dangerous Goods (IMDG) Code yokuthutha olwandle kanye ne-Hazardous Materials Regulations (HMR) e-United States kwezokuthutha ezihamba phansi.

Ngesikhathi Ezokuthutha

1.Indlela Yezokuthutha

• Ukuthutha emgwaqeni: Amaloli asetshenziselwa ukuthutha i-sodium cyanide kufanele yakhelwe ngokukhethekile izinto eziyingozi. Kufanele ahlonyiswe ngamasistimu okugcina amanzi, njengamathileyi esibili noma amalayini endaweni yezimpahla. Izimoto kufanele futhi zihambisane nayo yonke imithetho yendawo nekazwelonke mayelana nokuthuthwa kwamakhemikhali ayingozi, okuhlanganisa nokuba nezimvume ezifanele nokulandela imizila emisiwe egwema izindawo ezinabantu abaningi kanye nezindawo ezibucayi zemvelo.

• Izithuthi zikaloliwe: Izinqola zikaloliwe ezithwala i-sodium cyanide kufanele zibe zohlobo olugunyazwe izinto eziyingozi. Kufanele zihlolwe njalo ukuze kutholakale ubuqotho besakhiwo kanye nempumelelo yezindlela zazo zokuvala uphawu. Ojantshi besitimela bavame ukuba nezinqubo eziqondile zokuphatha kanye nokuhambisa izitimela ezithwala izinto ezinobuthi njenge-sodium cyanide ukuze kuncishiswe izingozi.

• Ukuthutha olwandle: Uma i-sodium cyanide ithuthwa olwandle, kufanele ibekwe ngokuhambisana neKhodi ye-IMDG. Iziqukathi zivame ukubekwa ezindaweni zomkhumbi ezingenawo umoya futhi ezikude nemithombo yokushisa, ukuthungela, nezinye izinto ezingahambelani. Imishini ekhethekile yokuphatha isetshenziselwa ukulayisha nokuthulula iziqukathi ngokuphepha.

2.Ukuqeqeshwa Komshayeli/Opharetha

• Abashayeli noma ama-opharetha abathintekayo ekuthuthweni kwe-sodium cyanide kumele bathole ukuqeqeshwa okuphelele mayelana nokuphatha izinto eziyingozi. Lokhu kuqeqeshwa kufanele kufake izihloko ezifana nezakhiwo ze-sodium cyanide, izinqubo zokusabela ezimeni eziphuthumayo uma kwenzeka kuchitheka noma ingozi, kanye nokusetshenziswa okufanele kwezinto zokuzivikela (i-PPE). Kufanele futhi bawazi umzila nanoma yiziphi izingozi ezingase zibe khona endleleni.

3.Izinhlelo Zokusabela Ezimeni Eziphuthumayo

• Zonke izimoto zokuhamba kufanele zibe nezinsiza zokusabela ezimeni eziphuthumayo. Lawa makhithi ngokuvamile ahlanganisa izinto ezimuncayo ezizoqukatha ukuchitheka, izinto ezinciphisa amandla e-sodium cyanide (njenge-hydrogen peroxide kwezinye izimo), kanye nezinsiza zosizo lokuqala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abashayeli kufanele bazi ukuthi bangaxhumana kanjani nabezimo eziphuthumayo ngokushesha uma kwenzeka isigameko futhi balandele uhlelo lokusabela oluphuthumayo olusungulwe ngaphambilini.

Ukugcinwa kwe-Sodium Cyanide

Izidingo Zendawo Yesitoreji

1.Indawo

• Izindawo zokugcina i-sodium cyanide kufanele zibe ezindaweni eziqhelelene nezindawo zokuhlala, imithombo yamanzi, nezinye izindawo ezibucayi. Kufanele zibekwe endaweni eyisicaba, ekhanyiswe kahle ukuze kuvinjelwe ukunqwabelana kwamanzi, okungase kuhlangane ne-sodium cyanide ukukhiqiza igesi enobuthi ye-hydrogen cyanide.

2.Ukwakhiwa Kwezakhiwo

• Isakhiwo sokugcina kufanele sakhiwe ngezinto ezimelana nomlilo - ukumelana nokugqwala. Izindonga, phansi, kanye nosilingi kufanele kungangeni ukuvimbela noma yikuphi ukuvuza kwe-sodium cyanide. Izinhlelo zokungenisa umoya zibalulekile ezindaweni zokugcina. Kufanele zenzelwe ukususa ngokuqhubekayo noma iziphi izihwamuko ezingase zibe yingozi ezingase zenziwe. Izinga lokungenisa umoya kufanele lanele ukugcina amazinga ekhwalithi yomoya ephephile ngaphakathi kwendawo yokugcina.

• Indawo yokugcina kufanele ifakwe ezinye izinhlelo zokuthwala, ezifana namadikhi noma izitsha zokuqoqa. Lezi zinhlelo zenzelwe ukuqukatha noma yikuphi ukuchitheka noma ukuvuza okungenzeka, ukuvimbela ukusabalala kwe-sodium cyanide endaweni ezungezile.

Ukuphathwa kwesitoreji

1.Inventory Control

• Ukugcina amarekhodi okusungula anembile kubalulekile. Inani le-sodium cyanide egcinwe kufanele liqashwe njalo futhi libuyekezwe. Lokhu kusiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi indawo yokugcina aweqi amandla ayo futhi kusiza nasekulandeleni ukunyakaza kwekhemikhali lapho ingena noma iphuma endaweni yokugcina.

2.Ukuhlukaniswa

• I-sodium cyanide kufanele ihlukaniswe kwamanye amakhemikhali, ikakhulukazi lawo asebenza ngayo nawo. Isibonelo, ama-acid akufanele agcinwe eduze kwe-sodium cyanide njengoba ukusabela phakathi kwawo kungakhiqiza igesi ye-hydrogen cyanide enobuthi obukhulu. Izindawo zokugcina ezihlukene noma amakhabethe kufanele asetshenziselwe amakilasi amakhemikhali ahlukene ukuvimbela ukuxubana ngengozi.

3.Ukuphepha

• Indawo yokugcina i-sodium cyanide kufanele ibe nezinyathelo zokuphepha eziqinile ezikhona. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukufinyelela okunomkhawulo kubasebenzi abagunyaziwe kuphela, ukusetshenziswa kwamakhamera okuvikela, namasistimu e-alamu. Izinyathelo zokuphepha azigcini nje ukuvimbela ukusetshenziswa okungagunyaziwe noma ukwebiwa kwekhemikhali enobuthi obunamandla kodwa futhi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi indawo yokugcina ihlale igadiwe ukuze kubhekwe noma yiziphi izimpawu zokuvuza noma ezinye izinkinga zokuphepha.

Sengiphetha, ukuthuthwa okuphephile nokugcinwa kwe-sodium cyanide kubaluleke kakhulu ukuvikela impilo yabantu kanye nemvelo. Ngokulandela izimiso eziyisisekelo nezindlela ezingcono kakhulu ezichazwe ngenhla, ubungozi obuhlobene naleli khemikhali enobuthi obuphezulu bungancishiswa kakhulu. Bonke ababambiqhaza abathintekayo ekuphathweni kwe-sodium cyanide, kusukela kubakhiqizi kuya kubathuthi kanye nabaqhubi bezindawo zokugcina, banesibopho sokubambelela kulezi zinyathelo zokuphepha.