Izindlela Ezintsha Zokuthola Uketshezi Lwemfucumfucu ye-Sodium Cyanide: Ukugxila Ekuphathweni Kwemvelo

Njengoba amazinga Okuphathwa Kwemvelo eqhubeka nokuguquka, izimboni ezisebenzisa i-Sodium Cyanide zibhekene nokuhlolisiswa okwandayo mayelana nemikhuba yazo yokulahla imfucuza. I-Sodium cyanide , esetshenziswa kabanzi ezinqubweni zezimayini namakhemikhali, ikhiqiza inani elikhulu loketshezi oluyingozi, okungathi uma lungaphathwa kabi, lube yingozi enkulu empilweni yabantu kanye nasemvelweni. Ukuze kuncishiswe lezi zingozi, kuye kwasungulwa izindlela ezahlukene zokubuyisela uketshezi olubi lwe -sodium cyanide ngendlela ephumelelayo.

1. Indlela Ye-Acidification

Enye yezindlela ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zokubuyisa imfucuza ye-Sodium cyanide inqubo yokufaka i-acid. Le ndlela ihilela ukungezwa kwe-sulfuric acid emanzini amdaka e-cyanide, ukulungisa i-pH ibe cishe yi-1.5. Lokhu kulungiswa kwenza kube lula ukuguqulwa kwama-ion e-cyanide (CN-) abe yi-hydrogen cyanide (HCN), igesi enephuzu lokubila eliphansi kakhulu elingu-26.5°C. Ezingeni lokushisa legumbi, i-HCN ingaphuma esixazululweni, okuvumela ukuqoqwa kwayo.

Igesi ye-HCN ekhululiwe ibe isidluliselwa ku-absorber, lapho imuncwa i-sodium hydroxide noma i-calcium hydroxide solution. Le nqubo ikhiqiza isixazululo se-cyanide esigxilile, ngokuvamile esisukela ku-20% kuya ku-30%, esingagaywa kabusha ukuze sisetshenziswe ezimbonini. Nakuba isebenza kahle, le ndlela idinga ukuphathwa ngokucophelela ngenxa yobuthi be-HCN, okudinga izimiso eziqinile zokuphepha zabasebenzi abahililekile kule nqubo.

2. Indlela Yokushintshanisa Ion

Enye indlela ethembisayo yokubuyiswa kwemfucuza ye-sodium cyanide yindlela yokushintshanisa i-ion. Le nqubo isebenzisa ama-anion exchange resins abonisa ukuhlobana okuqinile kwama-ion ahlukahlukene ensimbi e-cyanide akhona emanzini angcolile. Ngochungechunge lwemijikelezo ye-adsorption kanye ne-desorption, kokubili i-cyanide nezinsimbi ezibalulekile zingasuswa ngempumelelo oketshezini.

Indlela yokushintshanisa i-ion inikeza inzuzo yokukhiqiza amanzi ahlanzekile ekhwalithi ephezulu, okwenza kube inketho efiselekayo ezimbonini ezihlose ukuhlangabezana nemithetho eqinile yezemvelo. Nokho, akunazo izinselele. Ama-anion exchange resins asetshenziswa kule nqubo avame ukuba nosayizi wezinhlayiyana ezincane futhi angase angabi namandla anele okusebenza, okuholela ebunzimeni obungase bube khona ekusebenzeni. Ukwengeza, inkimbinkimbi yenqubo kanye nezindleko eziphakeme ezihambisanayo zingathiya ezinye izimboni ekwamukeleni le ndlela.

3. Indlela Ye-Carbon Adsorption Esebenzayo

Ukumuncwa kwe -Activated Carbon kungenye indlela eyaziwayo yokwelapha uketshezi olungcolile lwe-sodium cyanide. Isakhiwo esiyingqayizivele se-microporous kanye nobuso obungenawo amanzi be- Activated Carbon kunikeza ukusondelana okuqinile kwezinto ezinobuthi emanzini, okwenza kube yisisombululo esisebenzayo sokususa ukungcola okuphansi.

Ukusebenza kwe-actiated carbon adsorption ilele kunethiwekhi yayo enkulu yangaphakathi yezimbotshana kanye nendawo enkulu ethize, eyenza kube lula ukubanjwa kwezinto eziyingozi. Le ndlela inenzuzo ikakhulukazi ezimbonini ezifuna izindlela ezithembekile nezisebenzayo zokukhipha ubuthi emanzini angcolile. Nokho, ukusebenza kwekhabhoni ecushiwe kungathonywa izici ezifana nokugcwala kokungcola kanye nokuba khona kwezinto eziqhudelanayo emanzini angcolile.

4. Izinqubo Zokuphepha kanye Nokuhlola Okuvamile

Kungakhathalekile ukuthi iyiphi indlela yokubuyisela esetshenzisiwe, ukuphepha kusewukukhathazeka okukhulu ekuphathweni kukadoti we-sodium cyanide. Abasebenzi abathintekayo ohlelweni lokwelapha kufanele babambelele ezimisweni zokuphepha eziqinile, okuhlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwamagilavu ​​okuvikela amelana nowoyela wenjoloba nezinye izinto zokuzivikela (i-PPE). Ukuhlolwa njalo kwekhwalithi yamanzi nakho kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthotshelwa kwemithetho yemvelo kanye nokuqapha ukusebenza ngempumelelo kwezindlela zokubuyisela esimweni esisebenzayo.

Ukuhlola kufanele kwenziwe izisebenzi eziqeqeshiwe ezingahlola ngokunembile ukugcwala kwe-cyanide nezinye izinto eziyingozi emanzini angcolile. Le ndlela yokwenza izinto ngokushesha ayigcini nje ngokuvikela impilo yabasebenzi kodwa futhi iyasiza ekuvimbeleni ukungcoliswa kwemvelo okungaba khona.

Isiphetho

Njengoba izimboni ziqhubeka nokubhekana nezinselele ezibangelwa udoti we-sodium cyanide, ukuthuthukiswa kanye nokuqaliswa kwezindlela zokubuyisela ezisebenzayo kubalulekile. Indlela ye-acidification, inqubo yokushintshisana kwe-ion, kanye ne-actiated carbon adsorption ngayinye inikeza izinzuzo nezinselele eziyingqayizivele, egqamisa isidingo sendlela ehambisanayo esekelwe ezidingweni ezithile zokusebenza.

Ngokubeka phambili ukuphepha nokuthobela imvelo, izimboni azikwazi nje ukunciphisa izingozi ezihlobene nemfucuza ye-sodium cyanide kodwa futhi zifaka isandla ekusaseni elizinzile. Njengoba imithetho iya ngokuya iqina, ukwamukelwa kwezindlela ezintsha zokubuyisela kabusha kuzobaluleka ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide kuhlala kunomthwalo wemfanelo futhi kunempilo engokwemvelo.