Izindlela Ezintsha Zokuthola Uketshezi Lwemfucumfucu ye-Sodium Cyanide: Ukugxila Ekuphathweni Kwemvelo

As Ukuphathwa Kwemvelo amazinga ayaqhubeka nokuvela, izimboni zisebenzisa I-Sodium Cyanide babhekene nokuhlolwa okwandayo mayelana nezinqubo zabo zokulahla imfucuza. Isodium i-cyanide, esetshenziswa kakhulu ezimayini nasezinqubweni zamakhemikhali, ikhiqiza amanani abalulekile emfucumfucu eyingozi, okuthi uma ingaphathwa kahle, ibe yingozi enkulu empilweni yomuntu nasendaweni ezungezile. Ukuze kuncishiswe lezi zingozi, kuye kwasungulwa izindlela ezihlukahlukene zokululama ukuze kusetshenziswe kabusha i-sodium cyanide chitha uketshezi ngempumelelo.

1. Indlela Ye-Acidification

Enye yezindlela ezidume kakhulu zokuthola kabusha I-sodium cyanide imfucuza inqubo ye-acidification. Le nqubo ihlanganisa ukufakwa kwe-sulfuric acid emanzini angcolile e-cyanide, ukulungisa i-pH ibe cishe ku-1.5. Lokhu kulungiswa kusiza ukuguqulwa kwama-ion e-cyanide (CN-) abe yi-hydrogen cyanide (HCN), igesi enephuzu lokubilisa eliphansi ngokuphawulekayo elingu-26.5°C. Ezingeni lokushisa legumbi, i-HCN ingaphuma kusixazululo, ivumele ukuqoqwa kwayo.

Igesi ye-HCN ekhululiwe ibe isidluliselwa ku-absorber, lapho imuncwa i-sodium hydroxide noma i-calcium hydroxide solution. Le nqubo ikhiqiza isixazululo se-cyanide esigxilile, ngokuvamile esisukela ku-20% kuya ku-30%, esingagaywa kabusha ukuze sisetshenziswe ezimbonini. Nakuba isebenza kahle, le ndlela idinga ukuphathwa ngokucophelela ngenxa yobuthi be-HCN, okudinga izimiso eziqinile zokuphepha zabasebenzi abahililekile kule nqubo.

2. Indlela Yokushintshanisa Ion

Enye indlela ethembisayo yokubuyiswa kwemfucuza ye-sodium cyanide yindlela yokushintshanisa i-ion. Le nqubo isebenzisa ama-anion exchange resins abonisa ukuhlobana okuqinile kwama-ion ahlukahlukene ensimbi e-cyanide akhona emanzini angcolile. Ngochungechunge lwemijikelezo ye-adsorption kanye ne-desorption, kokubili i-cyanide nezinsimbi ezibalulekile zingasuswa ngempumelelo oketshezini.

Indlela yokushintshanisa i-ion inikeza inzuzo yokukhiqiza amanzi ahlanzekile ekhwalithi ephezulu, okwenza kube inketho efiselekayo ezimbonini ezihlose ukuhlangabezana nemithetho eqinile yezemvelo. Nokho, akunazo izinselele. Ama-anion exchange resins asetshenziswa kule nqubo avame ukuba nosayizi wezinhlayiyana ezincane futhi angase angabi namandla anele okusebenza, okuholela ebunzimeni obungase bube khona ekusebenzeni. Ukwengeza, inkimbinkimbi yenqubo kanye nezindleko eziphakeme ezihambisanayo zingathiya ezinye izimboni ekwamukeleni le ndlela.

3. Indlela Ye-Carbon Adsorption Esebenzayo

Wasebenza I-Carbon ukumuncwa kungenye indlela eyaziwayo yokwelapha uketshezi olungcolile lwe-sodium cyanide. Isakhiwo esiyingqayizivele se-microporous kanye nobuso obungangenisi amanzi Ikhabhoni Esebenzayo inikeza ukusondelana okunamandla kwezinto ezinobuthi emanzini, okwenza kube yisisombululo esiphumelelayo sokususa ukungcola okungagxili kakhulu emanzini.

Ukusebenza kwe-actiated carbon adsorption ilele kunethiwekhi yayo enkulu yangaphakathi yezimbotshana kanye nendawo enkulu ethize, eyenza kube lula ukubanjwa kwezinto eziyingozi. Le ndlela inenzuzo ikakhulukazi ezimbonini ezifuna izindlela ezithembekile nezisebenzayo zokukhipha ubuthi emanzini angcolile. Nokho, ukusebenza kwekhabhoni ecushiwe kungathonywa izici ezifana nokugcwala kokungcola kanye nokuba khona kwezinto eziqhudelanayo emanzini angcolile.

4. Izinqubo Zokuphepha kanye Nokuhlola Okuvamile

Kungakhathalekile ukuthi iyiphi indlela yokubuyisela esetshenzisiwe, ukuphepha kusewukukhathazeka okukhulu ekuphathweni kukadoti we-sodium cyanide. Abasebenzi abathintekayo ohlelweni lokwelapha kufanele babambelele ezimisweni zokuphepha eziqinile, okuhlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwamagilavu ​​okuvikela amelana nowoyela wenjoloba nezinye izinto zokuzivikela (i-PPE). Ukuhlolwa njalo kwekhwalithi yamanzi nakho kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthotshelwa kwemithetho yemvelo kanye nokuqapha ukusebenza ngempumelelo kwezindlela zokubuyisela esimweni esisebenzayo.

Ukuhlola kufanele kwenziwe izisebenzi eziqeqeshiwe ezingahlola ngokunembile ukugcwala kwe-cyanide nezinye izinto eziyingozi emanzini angcolile. Le ndlela yokwenza izinto ngokushesha ayigcini nje ngokuvikela impilo yabasebenzi kodwa futhi iyasiza ekuvimbeleni ukungcoliswa kwemvelo okungaba khona.

Isiphetho

Njengoba izimboni ziqhubeka nokubhekana nezinselele ezibangelwa udoti we-sodium cyanide, ukuthuthukiswa kanye nokuqaliswa kwezindlela zokubuyisela ezisebenzayo kubalulekile. Indlela ye-acidification, inqubo yokushintshisana kwe-ion, kanye ne-actiated carbon adsorption ngayinye inikeza izinzuzo nezinselele eziyingqayizivele, egqamisa isidingo sendlela ehambisanayo esekelwe ezidingweni ezithile zokusebenza.

Ngokubeka phambili ukuphepha nokuthobela imvelo, izimboni azikwazi nje ukunciphisa izingozi ezihlobene nemfucuza ye-sodium cyanide kodwa futhi zifaka isandla ekusaseni elizinzile. Njengoba imithetho iya ngokuya iqina, ukwamukelwa kwezindlela ezintsha zokubuyisela kabusha kuzobaluleka ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwe-sodium cyanide kuhlala kunomthwalo wemfanelo futhi kunempilo engokwemvelo.