Ka Hoʻonui ʻana i nā Hua mai nā ʻOre Gula Cupriferous Zambian: Nā Hoʻonā Reagent Kiʻekiʻe
Ua kaulana ʻo Zambia ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa no kona waiwai keleawe nui, akā ke ulu wikiwiki nei kāna ʻoihana gula. Mai nā kaapuni hoʻōla gula huahana nui ma nā hana nui e like me ka First Quantum's Kansanshi Mine ma Solwezi (ʻĀpana ʻĀkau-Komohana), a hiki i nā papahana gula mua ma nā ʻāpana ʻo Mumbwa, Kasenseli, a me Rufunsa. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka wehe ʻana i ke gula ma ka ʻāina geological Zambian e hōʻike ana i nā pilikia metallurgical a me nā logistical koʻikoʻi e pono ai nā hoʻolālā reagent kūikawā.
No nā Luna Hoʻokele Metallurgists a me nā Luna Hoʻolako ma Zambia, ʻekolu mau pilikia koʻikoʻi e hoʻomalu nei i nā hana o kēlā me kēia lā. ʻO ka mua, nā Ores Cupriferous kiʻekiʻe (Cyanicides Keleawe-Gula): ʻO ka hapa nui o ke gula o Zambia e mālama ʻia ana i loko o nā matrices waiwai keleawe. Hana nā minelala keleawe (e like me chalcocite, bornite, a me malachite) ma ke ʻano he "cyanicides" ikaika, ʻo ia hoʻi, hoʻopau koke lākou i ka nui o ka cyanide manuahi ma mua o ka hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe i ke gula. Hoʻonui kēia i nā kumukūʻai reagent a hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nā hua gula. ʻO ka lua, nā Logistics Landlocked & Border Bottlenecks: Ma ke ʻano he lāhui landlocked, pono e hele nā mea lawe mai kemika ma ke awa o Dar es Salaam (Tanzania), Beira (Mozambique), a i ʻole Durban (ʻApelika Hema). ʻO ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā waiwai weliweli o ka papa 6.1 (NaCN) ma o nā pou palena kaulana e like me Nakonde/Tunduma a i ʻole Kasumbalesa e hopena pinepine i nā pule o ka lohi. ʻO ke kolu, nā lula ZEMA paʻa: Ke hoʻokō nei ka Zambia Environmental Management Agency (ZEMA) i nā lula paʻa e pili ana i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka cyanide a me ka mālama ʻana i nā kemika weliweli, e koi ana i nā protocols hoʻokō pipiʻi mai nā mea hana mine.
United Chemical ua hana i kahi matrix reagent bespoke i hoʻolālā kūikawā ʻia e hoʻoponopono i nā pilikia o ka ore cupriferous a me nā logistical o Zambia. Ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā lixiviants ultra-kiʻekiʻe-purity, ua hoʻāla ʻia ka paʻa loa Kelepona, a me nā koho hoʻoheheʻe ʻole weliweli, hoʻoikaika mākou i nā lua mina Zambian e hōʻemi i nā kumukūʻai hana, hoʻopau i nā lohi palena, a hoʻokō i ka hoʻōla metallurgical kiʻekiʻe loa.
ʻO ka Matrix Kemika i Hoʻopilikino ʻia no nā Mea Kanu Keleawe-Gula Zambian
ʻAuCyan™ Sodium Cyanide NaCN (≥98.3%)
I ka hana ʻana i nā oka waiwai i ke keleawe ma nā panalāʻau ʻo Copperbelt a me North-Western, ʻaʻole hiki ke kūkākūkā ʻia ka mālama ʻana i kahi nui o ka cyanide manuahi ikaika e lanakila ai i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka metala kumu.
Ke Lanakila ʻana i nā Cyanicides Cupriferous: Hoʻohanohano ʻo AuCyan™ i ka maʻemaʻe i hōʻoia ʻia o ≥98.3%. Hāʻawi kēia maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe loa i ka saturation ikaika o nā ions CN⁻, e hoʻokō ana i ka hui mua ʻana o ke keleawe-cyanide [Cu(CN)₃²⁻] me ka waiho ʻana i ka cyanide manuahi ikaika e hoʻokele i ka hoʻoheheʻe wikiwiki ʻana o ke gula [Au(CN)₂⁻], e pale ana i ka passivation gula a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hoʻōla piha.
ʻŌpala Palena Paʻa: I mea e ola ai i ka hele lōʻihi a paʻa hoʻi mai Dar es Salaam a i ʻole Durban, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻo AuCyan™ i loko o nā pahu kila i hōʻoia ʻia e UN me nā liner kūloko pale wai i hoʻoikaika ʻia, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i ka pono o ka huahana i ka hōʻea ʻana i Ndola a i ʻole Solwezi.
Kalapona Hoʻāla ʻia me ka Pūpū Niu AuCarb™ Gold Recovery (≥99% Paʻakikī)
Hoʻohana pinepine nā hale hana CIL/CIP o Zambia i nā slurries paʻa a kiʻekiʻe ka viscosity. Pono ke kalapona i hoʻāla ʻia i ka ikaika mechanical nui e pale aku i ka ʻāpana a me ka nalowale ʻana o ke gula.
ʻAʻohe Attrition i nā Slurries Dense: Hana ʻia mai nā Pūpū Niu Indonesia i koho pono ʻia ma o ka hoʻāla ʻana i ka mahu wela kiʻekiʻe, hōʻike ʻo AuCarb™ i kahi helu paʻakikī kupaianaha o ≥99%. Kūpaʻa ia i nā mana abrasive ikaika o ka pumping inter-stage a me ka hoʻoluliluli kaumaha, e pale ana i ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o nā ʻāpana kalapona i hoʻouka ʻia i ke gula e pakele ana i loko o nā pā wai tailings Zambian.
Ka Hana Elution Kūikawā: ʻO ka hoʻonohonoho macro a me mesopore i hoʻoponopono pono ʻia o AuCarb e ʻae i ka hoʻouka ikaika ʻana i ke kaapuni CIL a me ka desorption gula wikiwiki a piha i nā kaapuni AARL a i ʻole Zadra elution a me electrowinning.
ʻAkena Hoʻoheheʻe Gula AuLeach™ (GDA) - ʻAʻole Pōʻino
No Zambia i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka ʻāina, he pilikia nui ka lohi ʻana o nā pilikia hazmat ma waena o nā palena. Hāʻawi ʻo AuLeach™ i kahi koho ʻē aʻe e kūlike me ZEMA, ʻaʻole weliweli e kāpae loa ana i nā pilikia palena.
Nā Lohi Palena Hazmat: No ka mea, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo AuLeach™ he waiwai ʻoihana maʻamau, ʻaʻole pono ia i nā palapala ʻae paʻakikī o ka Papa 6.1, nā mākaʻi ukali, a i ʻole nā palapala halihali kūikawā. Hoʻomaʻemaʻe koke ia i nā palena ʻo Nakonde/Tunduma a me Chirundu, e mālama ana i nā pule o ka manawa transit a e hōʻemi nui ana i nā kumukūʻai ukana i uka.
Hoʻokō Kaiapuni ZEMA: Ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻohui ʻole cyanide, hoʻomaʻalahi loa ʻo AuLeach™ i kāu pilina me ka Zambia Environmental Management Agency (ZEMA). Hoʻopau ia i ka pono no nā hale hana detoxification cyanide INCO pipiʻi a hoʻopaʻa i nā laikini hana lōʻihi me ka hoʻoweliweli ʻole i ka wai honua kūloko.
Logistics Hilinaʻi a me ka Hoʻouna ʻana i ke awa hoʻolālā
United Chemical hoʻoikaika i ka pono a me ka ʻike maopopo i kā mākou kaulahao lako. He loea mākou i ka logistics hoʻokuʻu aku ikaika a ʻoihana i hoʻolālā ʻia e hōʻoia i ka hiki ʻana o kāu mau reagents i nā awa puka me ka hilinaʻi a me ka palekana.
ʻIke loea Logistics honua: Hoʻohana mākou i nā laina hoʻouna mua i nā awa nui o ka Hikina a me ʻApelika Hema, me ke awa ʻo Dar es Salaam a me ke awa ʻo Durban, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana ua lawelawe ʻia kāu kauoha me nā kūlana kiʻekiʻe loa o ka palekana hoʻouna honua.
Ka Hoʻololi ʻana o CIF & FOB: Hāʻawi mākou i nā koho hoʻouna CIF (Cost, Insurance, and Freight) a me FOB (Free On Board) hoʻokūkū a hilinaʻi hoʻi i hana ʻia no kāu mau koi kaulahao lako kikoʻī.
Ka Hoʻoili Maʻalahi: Ke nānā nei mākou i ka hoʻouna ʻana i nā kemika maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe i ke awa komo me ka maikaʻi, e hāʻawi ana i nā palapala āpau e pono ai e kākoʻo i kahi kaʻina hana hoʻoili maʻalahi no kāu mau mea hoʻouna ukana kūloko e hoʻokele i ka lawe hope loa i kāu wahi eli.
Lanakila i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka Cyanicide kiʻekiʻe i kēia lā
Ke hoʻonui nei nā minelala keleawe i kāu mau kumukūʻai reagent? Ke kono nei mākou i nā Luna Hoʻokele Mea Hana a me nā Metallurgists ma Zambia e noi i nā laʻana manuahi o AuCyan™, AuCarb™, a i ʻole AuLeach™ no ka hoʻāʻo ʻōwili ʻōmole a me ka hoʻāʻo kinetic adsorption.
E noi i nā hāpana lab manuahi i kēia manawa
Nā Nīnau i Nīnau Pinepine ʻia: Nā Kemika ʻEli Gula ma Zambia
1. Pehea e hana ai ʻo AuCyan™ me nā ʻōuli gula cupriferous (waiwai i ke keleawe) i ʻike nui ʻia ma Zambia?
Hana nā minelala keleawe ma ke ʻano he cyanicides, e omo wikiwiki ana i ka cyanide ma mua o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻana o ke gula. Hāʻawi ʻo AuCyan™ (≥98.3% maʻemaʻe) i kahi ʻano nui o nā ion CN⁻ manuahi. Ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hoʻolālā e like me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka ammonia-cyanide a i ʻole ka mālama ʻana i nā pae cyanide manuahi kiʻekiʻe, hōʻoia ʻo AuCyan™ ʻaʻole e pōloli ʻia ka hopena hoʻoheheʻe gula e ke komo ʻana o ke keleawe.
2. Pehea e hoʻoponopono ai ka hoʻohana ʻana iā AuLeach™ i nā lohi o ka transit ma waena o nā palena ma ka palena ʻo Nakonde?
ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ka Sodium Cyanide (Papa 6.1) mai Dar es Salaam a i Zambia e pono ai nā palapala ʻae hazmat paʻa a me nā ukali, e hoʻoulu pinepine ana i nā hebedoma o ka lohi ma nā pou palena e like me Nakonde/Tunduma. ʻAʻole weliweli a ʻaʻole i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo AuLeach™ GDA . Hoʻomaʻemaʻe ia i nā dute ma ke ʻano he ukana maʻamau, e hōʻemi ana i nā manawa transit a hoʻemi nui i nā overhead ukana.
3. Ke kūlike nei ʻo AuLeach™ me nā kūlana o ka Zambia Environmental Management Agency (ZEMA)?
ʻAe loa. ʻAʻohe cyanide o AuLeach™ a he aloha i ke kaiapuni. Hoʻemi nui ia i ka ʻawahia i loko o nā hale mālama tailings (TSF), e kūlike pono ana me nā kauoha palekana kaiapuni koʻikoʻi a ZEMA a hoʻomaʻalahi i nā loiloi kūlike o kāu mina.
4. No ke aha i ʻoi aku ai ka maikaʻi o ke kalapona niu AuCarb™ ma mua o ke kalapona lanahu kūloko no nā hale hana CIP Zambian?
Hoʻokomo pinepine nā kaapuni CIP Zambian i nā slurries paʻa a kiʻekiʻe ka viscosity e hoʻopuka ana i ka ikaika shear nui ma nā ʻāpana kalapona. He palupalu ke kalapona i hana ʻia ma ke kumu lanahu a haki maʻalahi, e hoʻolilo ana i ke gula i nalowale. Hana ʻia ʻo AuCarb™ (≥99% paʻakikī) mai nā pūpū niu kiʻekiʻe, e lilo ana i mea palekana i ka attrition i nā mea hoʻonāukiuki shear kiʻekiʻe.
5. Ua kūlike anei ʻo AuLeach™ me nā mea kanu gula e kū nei ma nā ʻāpana ʻo Solwezi a i ʻole Rufunsa?
ʻAe, he pani hāʻule iho ia. Hoʻohana ʻo AuLeach™ GDA i nā pahu leaching like, nā pae pH (10.5-11.5), a me nā kaapuni adsorption/elution Carbon Activated e like me Sodium Cyanide . ʻAʻohe pono o ka hoʻolilo kālā a i ʻole nā hoʻololi ʻana i nā mea kanu.
6. He aha nā ala logistics i ʻōlelo ʻia no ka hoʻouna ʻana i nā kemika i ke Zambian Copperbelt?
ʻO nā ala kūpono loa no ke Copperbelt (Ndola, Kitwe) a me ka panalāʻau ʻĀkau-Komohana (Solwezi) ma o ke awa ʻo Dar es Salaam (Tanzania) me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke alaloa TANZAM, a i ʻole ma o ke awa ʻo Durban (ʻApelika Hema) e neʻe ana i ka ʻākau ma o Zimbabwe (ka palena ʻo Chirundu).
7. Pehea ka hopena o ka ua nui o ke kau ma Zambia i ka mālama ʻana o AuCyan™?
ʻIke ʻo Zambia i nā kau ua nui. Hoʻopili ʻia ʻo AuCyan™ i loko o nā pahu kila i hoʻopaʻa paʻa ʻia, i hōʻoia ʻia e UN me nā ʻeke PVC mānoanoa a pale wai. Inā mālama ʻia lākou i loko o kahi hale kūʻai i uhi ʻia, maloʻo, a ea hoʻi, ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻopilikia ʻia e ka makū o ke kaiapuni a me nā ua kau.
8. Hiki iā AuCarb™ ke hoʻokaʻawale pono i ke gula ma nā kaapuni electrowinning Zadra?
ʻAe. Ma muli o ke kaʻina hana hoʻāla i kāohi pono ʻia ʻo AuCarb™ , mālama ia i kahi ʻano pore kūloko paʻa. ʻAe kēia iā ia e omo koke i ke gula i ka pae CIL, akā e hoʻokuʻu loa iā ia i ka wā o ka elution kaomi wela kiʻekiʻe (nā kaʻina hana Zadra a i ʻole AARL).
9. Pehea e hoʻololi ai nā mea hana lima a me nā mea ʻeli waena ma Zambia i ka hoʻohana ʻana iā AuLeach™?
No nā hana ASM e ulu ana e nānā ana e hoʻokō a hoʻohana i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka vat a i ʻole nā mea kanu CIP liʻiliʻi, ʻo AuLeach™ ke kikowaena komo palekana loa. Hoʻopau ia i nā pilikia make e pili ana i ka lawelawe ʻana i ka cyanide me ka ʻole o nā lako palekana holomua, e ʻae ana i ka scaling palekana o ka hana gula.
10. Pehea e hiki ai i nā mea hana hao Zambian ke loaʻa nā pahu laʻana no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka hale hana?
Hiki i nā mea hana eli ma Zambia ke hoʻokaʻaʻike mai iā mākou ma o kā mākou pūnaewele e noi i kahi Pahu Laʻana Lab Manuahi . E hoʻonohonoho mākou i ka lawe ʻana o AuCyan™, AuCarb™, a i ʻole AuLeach™ pololei i kāu keʻena hana metallurgical ma Zambia no nā loiloi ʻōwili ʻōmole a i ʻole nā loiloi leach kolamu kūʻokoʻa.
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