Ụzọ ọgwụgwọ na mkpachapụ anya nke Sodium Sulfide

Sodium sulfide mmiri mkpofu, nke sitere na usoro mmepụta ihe dị iche iche dị ka imepụta kemịkalụ, ngwuputa ihe, na mmepụta pulp, na-ebute nnukwu ihe egwu gburugburu ebe obibi na ahụike n'ihi oke nsi na nrụrụ ya. Ịgwọ mmiri mkpofu a nke ọma dị oke mkpa iji belata mmetụta ọjọọ ya. Blọọgụ a ga-ewebata usoro ọgwụgwọ yana ihe mkpachapụ anya maka sodium sulfide mmiri mkpofu.

1. Usoro ọgwụgwọ

1.1 Mmiri mmiri ọgwụ

Mmiri mmiri ozuzo bụ otu n'ime ụzọ a na-ejikarị agwọ mmiri mkpofu sodium sulfide. N'ime usoro a, a na-agbakwunye nnu ígwè dị ka nnu ígwè (ferrous sulfate, ferric chloride) ma ọ bụ nnu ọla kọpa na mmiri mkpofu. Ions sulfide dị na sodium sulfide na-emeghachi omume na ion ígwè, na-ebute nguzobe nke sulfide metal na-adịghị edozi. Mgbe mmeghachi omume mmiri ozuzo gasịrị, a na-eme nkewa siri ike - mmiri mmiri site na sedimentation ma ọ bụ nzacha, na-ewepụ sulfide nke ọma na mmiri mkpofu. Usoro a dị nnọọ mfe, ọnụ ahịa - dị irè, ma dị mma maka ịgwọ mmiri mkpofu na nnukwu sulfide.

1.2 Ọgwụgwọ Oxidation

Ọgwụgwọ oxidation nwere ike ịtụgharị sulfide na mmiri mkpofu sodium sulfide ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-adịghị emerụ ahụ. Ụzọ oxidation na-emekarị gụnyere ikuku oxidation, chlorine oxidation, na usoro oxidation dị elu (AOPs).

• Oxidation ikuku: N'ebe ndị na-emepụta ihe dị ka manganese dioxide, a na-ebute ikuku n'ime mmiri mkpofu. N'okpuru ọnọdụ ikuku, sulfide bụ oxidized na sọlfọ elemental ma ọ bụ sulfate. Usoro a bụ ume-arụ ọrụ nke ọma mana ọ chọrọ ogologo oge mmeghachi omume ma dabara adaba maka ịgwọ mmiri mkpofu na obere mkpokọta sulfide dị ntakịrị.

• Chlorine oxidation: Chlorine - nwere oxidants dị ka sodium hypochlorite ma ọ bụ chlorine gas na-eji oxidize sulfide. Chlorine oxidation dị ngwa ma dị irè, ma ọ nwere ike ịmepụta ihe na-emerụ ahụ site na - ngwaahịa, ya mere njikwa nlezianya nke usoro onunu ogwu dị mkpa.

• Usoro Oxidation dị elu (AOPs): AOPs, dị ka Fenton oxidation na ozone oxidation, na-emepụta radicals hydroxyl nke ukwuu. Ndị a radicals nwere ike ngwa ngwa oxidize sulfide na kpamkpam mineralize ya. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, Fenton oxidation na-eji hydrogen peroxide na ion ferrous iji mepụta radicals hydroxyl, nke nwere ike ịgwọ ma mmiri mkpofu sulfide dị ala na nke dị elu.

1.3 Ọgwụgwọ ndu

Ọgwụgwọ nke ndu na-eji microorganisms weda sulfide n'ime mmiri ahịhịa. Usoro ọgwụgwọ anaerobic, dị ka mgbaze anaerobic, nwere ike ịtụgharị sulfide ka ọ bụrụ gas hydrogen sulfide n'okpuru ọnọdụ anaerobic, nke enwere ike wepụ ya site na gas - usoro nchịkọta. Ọgwụgwọ usoro ndụ nke ikuku na-agụnye microorganisms aerobic nke na-eme ka sulfide na sulfate dị ka akụkụ nke usoro metabolic ha. Ọgwụgwọ nke ndu bụ ihe enyi na gburugburu ebe obibi ma na-adigide, mana ọ chọrọ ọnọdụ arụ ọrụ kwụsiri ike yana oge ọgwụgwọ dị ogologo.

2. Kpachara anya

2.1 Nchedo Nchedo

• Mmiri mkpofu sodium sulfide na-egbu egbu nke ukwuu ma nwee ike ịhapụ gas hydrogen sulfide na-egbu egbu mgbe ọ na-akpakọrịta na acid ma ọ bụ n'okpuru ọnọdụ ụfọdụ. Ya mere, n'oge usoro ọgwụgwọ ahụ, ndị ọrụ ga-eyi ngwá ọrụ nchebe kwesịrị ekwesị, gụnyere ihe mkpuchi gas, uwe aka, na uwe nchebe, iji gbochie iku ume na mmetụ akpụkpọ ahụ na ihe ndị na-egbu egbu.

• Ụlọ ọrụ ọgwụgwọ kwesịrị ịdị mma - ventilashị iji hụ na mwepụ nke hydrogen sulfide gas n'oge, na-ebelata ihe ize ndụ nke nchịkọta gas na mgbawa. Ịchọpụta gas mgbe niile na mpaghara ọgwụgwọ dị mkpa iji nyochaa mkpokọta hydrogen sulfide na ikuku ndị ọzọ na-emerụ ahụ.

2.2 Akpachara anya arụ ọrụ

• Njikwa usoro ọgwụgwọ reagent: Na mmiri ozuzo na ọgwụgwọ oxidation, njikwa ziri ezi nke usoro onunu ogwu nke reagents dị oke mkpa. Usoro ọgwụgwọ reagent ezughi oke nwere ike ibute ọgwụgwọ ezughị oke, ebe oke onunu ogwu ọ bụghị naanị na-abawanye ụgwọ ọgwụgwọ mana ọ nwekwara ike ibute mmetọ nke abụọ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, na mmiri ozuzo kemịkalụ, oke nnu igwe nwere ike ibute ọnụnọ nke ion metal fọdụrụnụ na mmiri a na-agwọ.

• Njikwa pH: Uru pH nke mmiri mkpofu na-emetụta nke ọma ọgwụgwọ. Na mmiri ozuzo kemịkalụ, ọla sulfide dị iche iche na-ebuli na-etolite nke ọma n'ime oke pH. Na ọgwụgwọ oxidation, ọnụego mmeghachi omume oxidation na ihe mejupụtara ngwaahịa nwekwara njikọ chiri anya na uru pH. Ya mere, nleba anya na-aga n'ihu na nhazi nke pH uru n'oge usoro ọgwụgwọ dị mkpa.

• Mmezi Ngwa: Ịkwado akụrụngwa ọgwụgwọ mgbe niile, dị ka nfuli, mixers, na tankị sedimentation, dị mkpa iji hụ na arụ ọrụ nkịtị nke usoro ọgwụgwọ ahụ. Corrosion - ekwesịrị iji ihe na-eguzogide ọgwụ maka akụrụngwa na kọntaktị na mmiri mkpofu sodium sulfide iji gbasaa ndụ ọrụ nke akụrụngwa.

2.3 Nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi

• sludge a na-emepụta n'oge usoro ọgwụgwọ, karịsịa na mmiri ozuzo, nwere nnukwu ọnụọgụ nke sulfide metal na-ebuli ma nwee ike ịnwe reagent fọdụrụnụ. A ghaghị ikpochapụ sludge a nke ọma iji gbochie mmetọ nke abụọ. Enwere ike iziga ya na ụlọ ọrụ ọgwụgwọ ihe egwu dị ize ndụ maka mkpofu.

• Mgbe a gwọchara ya, ekwesịrị ileba anya nke ọma n'ịdị mma mmiri na-asọpụta iji hụ na ọ na-emezu ụkpụrụ mkpochapụ gburugburu ebe obibi na obodo na mpaghara dị mkpa. Ọ bụrụ na ịdị mma na-asọ asọ adịghị emezu ihe ndị a chọrọ, a chọrọ ọgwụgwọ ọzọ ma ọ bụ nhazi usoro.

N'ikpeazụ, ịgwọ mmiri mkpofu sodium sulfide chọrọ nghọta zuru oke nke usoro ọgwụgwọ dị iche iche yana nrube isi na nlezianya. Site n'ịhọrọ usoro ọgwụgwọ kwesịrị ekwesị na ịgbaso usoro ọrụ ziri ezi, anyị nwere ike belata mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi nke mmiri mkpofu sodium sulfide nke ọma ma nye aka na nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi.