Ngā Matū Tango Koura Matatau mō te Hangarau Whakarewa o Amerika ki te Tonga
Te wikitoria i ngā konganuku matatini mai i ngā maunga teitei o Andes ki te awa o Amazon
United Chemical E whakarato ana i te AuCyan™ Sodium Cyanide NaCN (≥98.3%), te AuCarb™ Gold Recovery Coconut Shell Activated Waro (≥99% Hardness), me te AuLeach™ Gold Leaching Agent (GDA) kore-mōrearea hei whakamana i ngā mahi Heap leaching, Vat leaching, CIP, CIL, me CIC puta noa i Peru, Brazil, Colombia, Chile, me te Guiana Shield.
Te Whenua Keri o Amerika ki te Tonga: He Whenua o ngā Tino Rahi o te Mahi Whakarewa
He whenua kaha rawa atu a Amerika ki te Tonga mō te hanga koura o te ao, engari kei reira ētahi o ngā wero matawhenua me te whakarewa tino uaua o te ao. Mai i ngā putunga epithermal me te porphyry teitei o te Andean Belt (Peru, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Bolivia, Argentina) ki ngā oneone laterite me te saprolite matotoru, momona i te uku o te Amazon Basin me te Guiana Shield (Brazil, Suriname, Guyana, French Guiana, Venezuela) , me whai taputapu ngā whare tukatuka kohuke ki ngā matū kounga o te ao, kāore e taea te whakahē.
United Chemical kei mua i tēnei tono ahumahi. Me te tapuwae kaweake kua manatokohia e horapa ana 77 + whenua, e hanga ana, e tuku ana hoki mātou i ngā otinga matū i hangaia hei wero i ngā konganuku ātete ki te hau, hei tu atu ki te mimiti nui o te miihini, ā, e tutuki ana hoki i ngā anga Taiao, Hapori, me te Whakahaere (ESG) e piki haere ana te kaha o ngā kāwanatanga o Amerika ki te Tonga.
Hei whakarite i te haumaru me te pono o ngā mekameka tuku, ka mahi mātou mā te uta uta moana. Ka tautoko mātou i ngā mahi ā-whenua katoa i raro i ngā tikanga FOB (ngā tauranga Haina) me ngā tikanga CIF rānei, tika tonu ki ngā pokapū nui—pērā i te Tauranga o Callao (Peru), te Tauranga o Santos (Brazil), te Tauranga o Buenaventura (Colombia), me te Tauranga o Guayaquil (Ecuador). Me whai Rahinga Ota Iti rawa (MOQ) o te 1x20' FCL ā mātou mahi , e whakamana ana i te utu tika mai i te wheketere me te tuku tonu mō ngā ara iahiko Waro-i-te-Pulp (CIP), Waro-i-te-Pull (CIL), Waro-i-te-Pou (CIC), Heap leaching, me te Vat leaching.
1. Te Wetewete i ngā Ore Whakamātao: Ngā Wāhi Mamae Tukatuka Rohe
Te Whakararuraru Cyanicide o Andean
He maha ngā wā e hono ana ngā putunga koura i te taha o ngā Maunga Andes (ina koa i Peru me Chile) ki te nui o ngā kohuke parahi me te hiriwa (cyanicides). Ka pau i ēnei konganuku taketake te nui o te cyanide ngoikore, poke rānei , ka tino whakaroa i te tere o te whakarewanga koura, ka pupuhi hoki i te matū OPEX.
Te Whakakorenga o te Uku me te Parai o te Amazon
I ngā rohe o Guiana Shield me Brazilian laterite, he tino nui te nui o te uku me te matotoru o te penupenu i roto i ngā konganuku. I roto i ngā tāke whakaoho CIP/CIL kaha, ka ngawari te kuru i te waro whakahohe iti-kounga , ka hua ake he "ngā paipa waro" kino me te ngaronga konganuku utu nui e kore e taea te whakakore.
Ngā aukati ESG me te taiao tino pakari
Kei te kaha te whakakaha a ngā kāwanatanga o Colombia, o Ecuador, me Brazil i ngā ture taiao, me te aukati i te whakamahinga o te MERCURY me te aroturuki i te cyanidation tuku iho. Kei te rapu tere ngā kaiwhakahaere tipu i ngā huarahi kē atu mō te tango wai kore-morearea hei whakatere i ngā koiora taiao tairongo.
2. United ChemicalTe Matrix Matua mō Amerika ki te Tonga
AuCyan™ Konutai Cyanide NaCN (≥98.3%)
Paerewa Parakore: ≥98.3%Hei ārai i te nui o te pokanoa parahi e kitea ana i roto i ngā whitiki porphyry o Andean, ka tukuna e te AuCyan ™ Sodium Cyanide NaCN (≥98.3%) he taumata parakore kaha, kāore he whakaiti. Kua whakamanahia i te iti rawa o te ≥98.3% (me ngā tātaritanga wheketere e eke ana ki te 98.5%), ka whakaputahia e ā mātou pereki totoka mā te waatea o te CN- ion tere me te kaha. Ka kaha ake tēnei i ngā kaiwhakamahi cyanicide, ka whakarite kia tere me te katoa te whakarewatanga koura i roto i ngā tukanga Heap, Vat, CIL, me CIP.
Te Pūmautanga Teitei: Ko te iti o te hauwai konutai (NaOH) kāore i tauhohe ka ārai i te tauine me te pupuri i ngā ārai pH tino pai i ngā taiao teitei.
Te Waka Moana Haumaru: Kua tākaihia ki roto i ngā pahu maitai 50kg kua whakamanahia e te UN, i ngā pouaka rakau whakapakaritia rānei 1,000kg me ngā raina PE taumaha, hei tiaki i te matū mai i te haumākū nui o ngā kaipuke moana me te waka Amazon.
📊Whakatakotoranga Hangarau: Te Paerewa Parakore 98.3%
I te mea e hipa ana i ngā paearu ahumahi, ka eke tonu ā mātou puranga whakaputa hou ki ngā tohu "Kounga Tino Pai". Kei raro nei ngā raraunga mahi kua whakamanahia.
| Nga Tuemi Whakamatau | Paerewa (GB/T 19306-2003) | AuCyan™ (Noa) | Pānga Whakahaere |
|---|---|---|---|
| Konutai Cyanide (NaCN) | ≥ 98.0% | 98.3 orau | Te tere o te whakarewatanga koura me ngā reiti whakaora mōrahi. |
| Konutai Waiwai (NaOH) | ≤ 0.5% | 0.13 orau | He tino pumau te pH; ka ārai i te waikura wawe. |
| Konutai Kāponāte (Na2CO3) | ≤ 0.5% | 0.18 orau | Ka whakaitihia te wawaotanga o te poke i roto i te otinga tātā. |
| Makuku (H2O) | ≤ 0.9% | 0.3 orau | Te pumau pakari kua whakapakaritia i te wā rokiroki roa me te kawe waka. |
| Nga Taonga Whakarewa | ≤ 0.05% | 0.02 orau | He tikanga ārai-aukati; he tiaki i ngā papu me ngā pūwero nui. |
Waro Whakahohe Anga Kokonati AuCarb™ Whakaora Koura (≥99% Mārō)
Te pakeke o te paraharaha poro: ≥99%Ina tukatukahia ngā uku lateritic matotoru, tino matotoru o Brazil, o te Guiana Shield rānei, ka pakaru te waro noa. Ka tukuna te waro whakahohe AuCarb™ Gold Recovery Coconut Shell ki te whakahohenga mamaoa pāmahana teitei, ka hua ake he pakeke pōro-pan tino pai kua whakamanahia i te ≥99% . Ka ātete tēnei kaha miihini whakamiharo ki te mimiti nui o te paru i roto i ngā ara iahiko CIL/CIP, ka whakakorea katoatia te ngaronga koura waro pai.
Te Kaha Utaina Kore e ōrite: Ko te nui o te CTC me te Iodine e akiaki ana i te tere o te mimiti, ā, ka taea te tango i ngā otinga koura-cyanide matatini me te whai hua.
Ngā Pūwero Moroiti Ārai-Para: I hangaia me te iti o te maha o ngā pereti toto (≤5%) hei ātete i te paitini rauropi mai i ngā mea pirau o te ngahere ua e kitea ana i ētahi wā i roto i ngā konganuku mata.
📊 Raupapa AuCarb™: Ripanga Whakataurite Ātaahua mō ngā Tawhā Matua
Hei whakahaere i tētahi tukanga whiriwhiri māmā ake e hāngai ana ki tō ara iahiko whakarewa, kua whakarāpopototia e mātou ngā tawhā hangarau matua o ā mātou momo AuCarb™ matua e whā.
| Tawhā Whakamātautau Matua | AuCarb™ BC1100 | AuCarb™ AC50 | AuCarb™ AC55 | AuCarb™ AC60 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Te Tūnga Paetae Mākete | Te Whakarewa Puranga Tikanga / Te Mahi Utu-Teitei | Hua rite: Jacobi G208S | Hua rite: Jacobi G209S | Kōwhiringa matatau mō te Tauine Nui / Taurite: Jacobi G210S |
| Te Totoi Te ahua | 0.40 - 0.50 g/ml | 0.48 - 0.55 g/ml | 0.45 - 0.55 g/ml | 0.45 - 0.55 g/ml |
| Te mārō o te paraharaha-pōro | ≥ 98.5% | ≥ 99% | ≥ 99% | ≥ 99% |
| Ihirangi Pereti | ≤ 5% | ≤ 5% | ≤ 5% | ≤ 5% |
| Whakahiatotanga | ≤ 2% | ≤ 1.5 orau | ≤ 2% | ≤ 2% |
| Ihirangi pungarehu katoa | ≤ 5% | ≤ 3% | ≤ 3% | ≤ 3% |
| makuku | ≤ 10 orau | ≤ 5% | ≤ 5% | ≤ 5% |
| Te Kaha Whakamimiti (Uara K) | / | ≥ 26 kg/t | ≥ 28 kg/t | ≥ 30 kg/t |
| Te Auau Whakamimiti (Uara R) | / | ≥ 50 orau | ≥ 55 orau | ≥ 60 orau |
| Tau Iodine | ≥ 1100 mg/g | / | / | / |
| Te Mahi Pūtāne | / | ≥ 19.5% | ≥ 21% | ≥ 23% |
| CTC (Te Mahi Waro Tetrachloride) | / | ≥ 50 orau | ≥ 55 orau | / |
* Ngā Paerewa Whakatinanatanga: E tutuki ana i ngā paerewa ASTM o Amerika me ngā paerewa whakamātautau keri ā-roto a AARL. Kua paahitia e te hua te tirotiro a te hunga tuatoru, ā, ka taea te whakarato tauira whakamātautau mēnā ka tonoa.
AuLeach™ Kaihoko Whakarewa Koura (GDA) - Kāore he Mōrearea
Tauhohenga Kore-MōreareaI te mea kei te whakatinanahia e ngā kāwanatanga o Colombia, o Ecuador, me te rohe o Amazon ngā tiakitanga taiao pakari, ka whakaratohia e AuLeach™ Gold Leaching Agent (GDA) te otinga tino pai mō te heke mai. He matū kore-morearea te whakarōpūtanga , ka whakakapia e AuLeach™ te Sodium Cyanide me te kore e whakaoho i ngā ture aukati mō ngā taonga paitini.
Whakakapinga-ā-Tomo: 100% hototahi ki ngā whakaritenga o te Heap leaching, te Vat leaching, te CIP, me te CIL. Kāore he whakapaunga whakapaipai (CAPEX) mō te whakarerekētanga taputapu.
Ngā Mahi Kawemai Ngāwari: Ka tukuna hei utanga whānui, ka karo i ngā whakaaetanga tauranga DG uaua, ngā kaitiaki kawe waka utu nui, me ngā whakaritenga rokiroki morearea i Amerika ki te Tonga.
Te Whakaora Teitei i runga i ngā Kohatu Kua Waikura: He rite tonu, he hipa rānei i ngā reiti whakaora cyanidation tuku iho, inā koa i runga i ngā putunga epithermal kua waikura.
Whakamanahia te Mahi i runga i ō Kohatu o Amerika ki te Tonga
Kei te pakaru te waro i ngā laterite uku nui? Kei te mōrearea te mahi a tō tipu i ngā ture ESG pakari? Kei te tono mātou ki ngā Kaihanga Metallurgists me ngā Kaiwhakahaere Hoko o Amerika ki te Tonga kia arotakehia ā-kanohi ā mātou hangarau.
📌 Kei te wātea ngā tauira taiwhanga kore utu:
United Chemical he harikoa ki te whakarato i ngā tauira whakamātautau taiwhanga kore utu mō te Waro Whakahohe Anga Kokonati Whakaora AuCarb™ me te AuLeach™ Kaihoko Whakarewa Koura (GDA) - Kāore he MōreareaWhakahaerehia ngā whakamātautau whānui mō te takai pounamu kia kite ai i ō mātou painga nekeneke.
* Ka tīmata ngā tukunga papatipu arumoni puta noa i te ao i te Rahinga Ota Iti rawa (MOQ) o te wheketere o te 1x20' FCL mā ngā tikanga moana FOB, CIF rānei.
Pātai Auau
P1: Me pēhea te whakahaere a AuCyan™ i ngā konganuku porphyry parahi-koura teitei i roto i ngā maunga Andes?
He "cyanide" rongonui te parahi e tere ana te pau i te cyanide ngoikore. Ko te AuCyan™ Sodium Cyanide NaCN he mea hanga ki te parakore tino teitei o te ≥98.3% . Mā tēnei kukū pakari ka whakarite ahakoa kua pau tetahi wāhanga o te matū i ngā konganuku turanga, ka noho tonu ngā iona cyanide kore utu (CN- ) hei whakatere i te tere me te whakaoti i te whakarewatanga o te koura.
Q2: Ki ēhea tauranga o Amerika ki te Tonga ka tukuna atu e koe ngā kaipuke i raro i ngā tikanga CIF?
United Chemical e tuku ana i ngā ratonga kawe waka moana whānui ki ngā tauranga arumoni nui katoa o Amerika ki te Tonga. E whakahua ana mātou i ngā kupu CIF ki Callao (Peru), Santos me Paranaguá (Brazil), Buenaventura me Cartagena (Colombia), Guayaquil (Ecuador), me Valparaíso/San Antonio (Chile). Ko ngā kawe waka katoa mai i te tauranga ūnga ka whakahaerehia e te kaihoko ā-rohe.
P3: He aha te mea nui ai te whakatauranga pakeke ≥99% mō Te Karauna Mahi i roto i te Amazon?
He maha ngā wā he lateritic, he tino matotoru hoki ngā konganuku e keria ana i te Guiana Shield me te Amazon basin. Ko te whakaohooho miihini nui e hiahiatia ana i roto i ngā tāke CIP/CIL ka hua te ahotea kutikuti nui ki ngā kirikiri waro. Ko te waro whakahohe o te AuCarb™ Gold Recovery Coconut Shell Activated Waro e whakamana ana i te pakeke o te paraharaha porowhita o te ≥99% , kia kore ai te waro e pakaru ki te puehu angiangi, ā, kia kore ai e haria tō koura kua mimitia ki te whare tango paru.
P4: He pono kua whakarōpūtia te AuLeach™ GDA hei mea kore-morearea mō te kawemai ki Colombia, ki Brazil rānei?
Āe. Kua whakamanahia te AuLeach™ Gold Leaching Agent hei matū kore-morearea mō te kawe waka me te kawemai i roto i te moana. He mea nui tēnei whakarōpūtanga mō ngā mahi keri i roto i ngā rohe taiao-aro (pēnei i te Amazon, i ngā paramo Andean rānei), nā te mea ka karohia e ia ngā here nui, ngā kaitiaki hōia, me ngā whakaaetanga uaua e pā ana ki ngā kawemai cyanide paitini.
Q5: Ka whakamahia e koe te tereina hei toro atu ki ngā rohe kāore i te mau te whenua pērā i a Bolivia?
Kāo. Nā ngā here o ngā taonga morearea o te ao me ngā āhuatanga hukapapa kāore e taea te matapae i ngā teitei, kāore mātou e whakamahi i te kawe tereina mō ā mātou kaweake matū. Ka tukuna e mātou mā te utanga moana anake (hei tauira, CIF Port of Arica, Iquique rānei i Chile mō ngā utanga kawe o Bolivia), ā, muri iho ka riro i ngā kamupene taraka raihana ā-rohe te mana whakahaere.
P6: Me whakarerekē rānei tā mātou tipu CIP/CIL kia whakamahia ai te kaihopu AuLeach™ Kāore e Mōrearea?
Kāore rawa. Kua hangaia a AuLeach™ hei whakakapinga 100% mō te cyanidation tuku iho. Ka taea e koe te whakamahi i ō tāke whakaoho, ngā pou waro, me ngā pūtau hikohiko o nāianei, me te kore e pau te pūtea ki te whakahou i ngā taputapu.
Q7: He aha te rahinga ota iti rawa (MOQ) mō ngā tuku ki Amerika ki te Tonga?
Hei pupuri i te utu tika mai i te wheketere, me te whakarite i te whai huatanga o ngā kaipuke moana puta noa i te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa, i te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa rānei, ko tā mātou MOQ tino kaha ko te 1x20' FCL (Utaina Ipu Katoa) puta noa i ngā raina hua katoa.
Q8: Ka taea e mātou te whakamātautau i ō hua i mua i te tuku i tētahi ota FCL 1x20' katoa?
Āe, e tino taunaki ana mātou kia whakamanahia te taiwhanga. Ka tukuna e mātou he tauira whakamātautau kore utu o tā mātou AuCarb™ Activated Waro me te AuLeach™ Non-Hazardous GDA . Mā tēnei ka taea e tō rōpū whakarewa te whakahaere i ngā whakamātautau hurihuri pounamu me te pou hei manatoko i te kaha o te mimiti me te tere whakaora i runga i tō konganuku motuhake i mua i te tuku i ngā tuku arumoni nui.
- Ihirangi Matapōkere
- Ihirangi wera
- Te ihirangi arotake wera
- Polyethylene Glycol PEG - 2000/4000/6000/8000 waipiro ethoxylate surfactant
- Kohikohi BLK-301/Hato Maangi Mea Hohe ≥60%
- Hamoni Nitrate Porous Prills
- Koeke Hangarau Sodiumsulfite 96%-98%
- Te konupora borohydride
- Hinu Pine 85% Hinu Pinitol Kounga Teitei 85% Kowhai Maama Ki Te Wai Hinu Taekore
- Phthalic anhydride
- 1Ko te Sodium Cyanide kua whakahekehia (CAS: 143-33-9) mo te Maina - Kounga teitei me te Utu Whakataetae
- 2Konutai Cyanide 98.3% CAS 143-33-9 NaCN, he mea nui mō ngā ahumahi matū keri
- 3Nga Ture Hou a Haina mo te Kaweake i te Sodium Cyanide me te Arataki mo nga Kaihoko Ao
- 4Sodium Cyanide (CAS: 143-33-9) Tiwhikete kaiwhakamahi mutunga (Putanga Hainamana me te reo Ingarihi)
- 5Waehere Whakahaere - Paerewa Whakaaetanga Maina Koura
- 6Haina wheketere Waikawa Sulfuric 98%
- 7Waikawa Oxalic Anhydrous 99.6% Koeke Ahumahi
- 1Konutai Cyanide 98.3% CAS 143-33-9 NaCN, he mea nui mō ngā ahumahi matū keri
- 2Te Maamaa Teitei · Te Mahinga Pumau · Te Whakaora Teitei — te konutai cyanide mo te riihi koura hou
- 3Tāpiritanga Kai Kai Te Sarcosine 99% min
- 4United ChemicalKo te Rōpū Rangahau e whakaatu ana i te mana ma roto i nga tirohanga a te Raraunga
- 5AuCyan™ Konutai Cyanide Mahi-Teitei | 98.3% Parakore mō te Keri Koura o te Ao
- 6Mamati Hiko Detonator（Wā whakaroa 0~ 16000ms）
- 7Te Kaha-Teitei, Te Whakaputanga Tube Tube-Tiki
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