Litšitiso tse Tloaelehileng ho Tlhahlobo ea Titration ea Sodium Cyanide

Selelekela

Tlhahlobo ea titration ea sodium cyanide ke mokhoa oa bohlokoa ho chemistry ea tlhahlobo, haholo liindastering tse kang tsa merafo, electroplating le tlhahiso ea lik'hemik'hale. Leha ho le joalo, boteng ba lintho tse fapa-fapaneng tse sitisang ho ka ama haholo ho nepahala le ho tšepahala ha liphello tsa titration. Ho bohlokoa ho utloisisa litšitiso tsena tse tloaelehileng bakeng sa ho fumana lintlha tse nepahetseng le tse tšepahalang.

Metal Ions e le Lintho tse sitisang

Li-Ions tse boima tsa tšepe

Li-ion tsa tšepe tse boima joalo ka koporo (Cu²⁺), zinki (Zn²⁺), le nickel (Ni²⁺) li ka etsa li-complexes tse tsitsitseng ka cyanide ions. Mohlala, li-ion tsa koporo li sebetsana le cyanide ho etsa copper cyanide complexes joalo ka [Cu(CN)₂]⁻ le [Cu(CN)₄]³⁻. Liphetoho tsena tse rarahaneng tsa sebopeho li ja li-ion tsa cyanide, tse lebisang ho nyenyefatseng tsa 'nete Sodium cyanide dikahare nakong ya titration. Litharollong tsa electroplating, tse atisang ho ba le koporo le zinki hammoho le Sodium cyanide, tšitiso ena e ka phatlalatsoa ka ho khetheha.

Li-ion tsa tšepe

Li-ion tsa tšepe (Fe³⁺ le Fe²⁺) le tsona li ka kena-kenana le sodium cyanide titration. Sebakeng se nang le asiti, Fe³⁺ e khona ho sebetsana le li-ion tsa cyanide ho etsa mefuta e fapaneng ea tšepe - cyanide complexes, joalo ka metsoako e tsebahalang e putsoa ea Prussia - joalo ka metsoako. Liphetoho tsena li ka ja li-ion tsa cyanide le ho senya stoichiometry ea karabelo ea titration pakeng tsa li-ion tsa silevera (tse sebelisoang hangata ho cyanide titration) le li-ion tsa cyanide. Ho feta moo, ka boteng ba oksijene, Fe²⁺ e ka tšeloa oxidized ho Fe³⁺, e leng ho thatafatsa boemo ba tšitiso.

Litšitiso tsa Anionic

Li-ion tsa sulfide

Li-ion tsa sulfide (S²⁻) ke lintho tse tloaelehileng tse sitisang ho sodium cyanide titration. Sebakeng sa alkaline, haeba sulfide e le teng, e ka sebetsana le li-ion tsa haedrojene ho tloha maemong a asiti a sebelisoang lits'ebetsong tse ling tsa titration (kapa ea etsa khase ea hydrogen sulfide e ka tsoelang pele ho itšoara). Habohlokoa le ho feta, sulfide e ka sebetsana le li-ion tsa silevera (tse sebelisoang ka silevera - nitrate - based cyanide titrations) ho etsa silver sulfide (Ag₂S) precipitate. Sena ha se sebelise li-ion tsa silevera feela empa se boetse se pata pheletso ea titration, kaha sebopeho sa "black Ag₂S precipitate" se ka kena-kenana le ho bonoa ha silevera - cyanide complex - e thehiloeng pheletsong.

Thiocyanate Ions

Thiocyanate ions (SCN⁻) e ka ba teng e le tšitiso, haholo-holo lisampoleng moo ho bileng le lehlakore le leng - karabelo kapa tšilafalo. Li-ion tsa Thiocyanate li ka sebetsana le li-ion tsa silevera ho theha pula ea silevera ea thiocyanate (AgSCN). Ho sodium cyanide titration moo silver nitrate e sebelisoang e le titrant, sebopeho sa AgSCN se ka lebisa ho khakanyo e fetelletseng ea litaba tsa cyanide haeba e sa tlalehoe hantle, kaha li-ion tsa silevera li jeoa ha ho etsoa li-complexes tsa silevera - cyanide le silevera ea thiocyanate.

Lintho Tse Ling Tse Kenang

Metsoako ea Likokoana-hloko

Ba bang ba metsoako ea manyolo e ka kena-kenana le sodium cyanide titration. Mohlala, li-aldehyde tse ling le li-ketone li ka sebetsana le li-ion tsa cyanide ka karabelo ea tlatsetso ea nucleophilic tlasa maemo a loketseng. Karabelo ena e ja li-ion tsa cyanide mme ka hona e ama sephetho sa titration. Mehlala e tsoang lits'ebetsong tsa indasteri moo lintho tse phelang li leng teng, joalo ka metsing a litšila a tsoang limela tsa lik'hemik'hale tse ka 'nang tsa e-na le sodium cyanide le lintho tse silafatsang tsa lintho tse phelang, tšitiso ea metsoako ena ea lintho tse phelang e hloka ho nahanoa ka hloko.

Liemeli tse fokotsang oxidizing le tse fokotsang

Li-oxidizing li ka etsa oxidize li-ion tsa cyanide. Mohlala, hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) e ka sebetsana le li-ion tsa cyanide ho etsa li-ion tsa cyanate (CNO⁻) kapa lihlahisoa tse ling tse nang le oxidized. Karabelo ena ea oxidation e fokotsa bongata ba cyanide e fumanehang bakeng sa titration, e bakang tekanyo e sa nepahalang ea sodium cyanide content. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, li-agent tse fokotsang li ka boela tsa kena-kenana. Mohlala, lintho tse kang sodium sulfite (Na₂SO₃) li ka sebetsana le li-ion tsa silevera ka titration ea silevera - nitrate, ea li theola ho tšepe ea silevera kapa e tlase - oxidation - mefuta ea silevera ea naha, e sitisang ts'ebetso e tloaelehileng ea titration.

fihlela qeto e

Ka sodium cyanide tlhahlobo ea titration, li-ion tsa tšepe, li-anion tse kang sulfide le thiocyanate, metsoako ea lintho tse phelang, le li-oxidizing kapa li-reduction agents ke lintho tse tloaelehileng tse sitisang. Ho fumana sephetho se nepahetseng sa titration, hoa hlokahala ho nka mehato e nepahetseng ho felisa kapa ho fokotsa litlamorao tsa litšitiso tsena. Sena se ka kenyelletsa mehlala ea mekhoa ea pele ea kalafo joalo ka ho sefa, ho ntša, kapa tšebeliso ea masking. Ho utloisisa litšitiso tsena ke mohato oa pele oa ho ntlafatsa ho nepahala le ho ts'epahala ha tlhahlobo ea sodium cyanide titration lits'ebetsong tse fapaneng tsa indasteri le tsa tlhahlobo.