Ukuqonda i-Zinc chloride: Iipropati kunye nezicelo eziSebenzayo

I-zinc chloride yinto ebalulekileyo ekrwada yokuveliswa kweemveliso zeekhemikhali ezinoluhlu olubanzi lweempawu kunye nokusetyenziswa. Eli nqaku liza kwazisa ngokweenkcukacha iipropati, iindlela zokuvelisa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe Zinc chloride kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo.

1. Iipropati ze-zinc chloride

I-Zinc chloride ayinambala, i-transparent, i-crystalline eqinile kunye ne-hygroscopicity eqinile. Inyibilika ngokulula emanzini, nakwizinyibilikisi eziphilayo ezifana ne-ethanol, i-methanol, kunye ne-acetone. I-zinc chloride ilula kakhulu ukuba i-deliquesce emoyeni, ngoko kufuneka igcinwe yomile ngexesha lokugcinwa kunye nokusetyenziswa.

I-zinc chloride ine-reactivity ephezulu yeekhemikhali kwaye inokusabela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zetsimbi, ezingezizo, i-acids, i-alkali kunye nezinye izinto. Ukongeza, i-zinc chloride nayo inozinzo oluhle lwe-thermal kunye nokumelana nokubola.

2. Indlela yokuvelisa i-zinc chloride

I-zinc chloride inokuveliswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, ezona zixhaphakileyo zezi zilandelayo:

• I-Acid hydrolysis: yenza i-zinc oxide okanye i-zinc carbonate kunye ne-hydrochloric acid ukuvelisa i-zinc chloride kunye namanzi.

• Ukusabela kwe-metallic zinc kunye ne-hydrochloric acid: Yongeza i-zinc yensimbi ngokuthe ngqo kwi-hydrochloric acid ukuze isabele kwaye ivelise i-zinc chloride kunye ne-hydrogen.

• Indlela ye-ammonium chloride: Xuba i-zinc oxide kunye ne-ammonium chloride kwaye uzifudumeze ukuvelisa i-zinc chloride, i-ammonia kunye namanzi.

Kweyona nkqubo yokuvelisa, indlela efanelekileyo yokuvelisa inokukhethwa ngokusekelwe kwizinto ezifana nemithombo yezinto ezikrwada kunye neendleko zokuvelisa.

3. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-zinc chloride

I-zinc chloride inoluhlu olubanzi lokusetyenziswa kwintsimi yezinto ezibonakalayo zokuvelisa imichiza. Ezi zilandelayo zezinye zezinto eziphambili zokusetyenziswa:

• I-Catalyst: I-zinc chloride ingasetyenziselwa njenge-catalyst ye-chemical reactions ezininzi, ezifana ne-esterification, i-condensation, njl.

• I-Desiccant: I-zinc chloride ingasetyenziselwa njenge-desiccant ukususa umswakama kwigesi okanye ulwelo ngenxa ye-hygroscopicity yayo.

• Isisombululo se-Electroplating: I-zinc chloride ingasetyenziselwa ukulungisa isisombululo se-electroplating kwaye ifakwe kwi-metal surface ngexesha lenkqubo ye-electroplating ukuphucula ukuxhathisa ukubola kunye nokubonakala komgangatho wesinyithi.

• I-Preservative: I-zinc chloride ingasetyenziselwa ukugcinwa kwezinto ezifana neenkuni kunye nesikhumba ukwandisa ubomi babo benkonzo.

Ngamafutshane, i-zinc chloride idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwintsimi yezinto ezibonakalayo zokuvelisa imichiza. Ngokuqonda iimpawu zayo, iindlela zokuvelisa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo, sinokudlala kakuhle indima ye-zinc chloride kunye nokukhuthaza ukuphuhliswa kweshishini lemichiza.