Te Whakamātau i te Horoi Koura Taumata-Hohonu me te Whakamātao i Āwherika ki te Tonga: Ngā Otinga Whakaora Matatau
Ko Āwherika ki te Tonga te pūtake hītori o te keri koura ahumahi hou. Kei reira ngā hanganga whenua rongonui pērā i te Te Puna o Witwatersrand—te kāinga mō ngā mahi huna hohonu rawa atu o te ao pērā i a Harmony Gold Te maina o Mponeng, Ngā Mara Koura Te Maina Hōhonu o te Tonga, me Sibanye-Stillwater's Ngā mahi a Driefontein—me ngā putunga pyritic tino ātete o te Whitiki Pōhatu Kakariki o Barberton (Ngā maina o Fairview me Sheba a Pan African Resources). Heoi, ko te tango koura mai i ēnei toka hohonu me ngā hanganga kohuke matatini he wero whakarewa kāore i kitea i mua mō ngā kaiwhakahaere tipu hou me ngā tohunga whakarewa matua.
I ngā whare whakarewa o Āwherika ki te Tonga o ēnei rā, kei te mōrearea tonu te whai huatanga o ngā mahi nā ngā arai nui e toru. Tuatahi, Ngā Matrix Ore Tino Ātete me te Pyritic: Ngā konganuku i tangohia mai i ngā Reefs Whakapā Waro me Ventersdorp (VCR) hohonu, mai i ngā Reefs quartz- a Barberton rāneiwaroKei roto i ngā uaua toto he kōhao piripono i roto i ngā matrices pyrite me te arsenopyrite. Ka kaha te kai a ēnei kohuke sulfide i ngā mea kore utu tina me te hāora, e tino whakaroa ana i te tere o te tātā me te whakaiti i te whakaoranga koura katoa. Tuarua, Te Ngaronga Waro Nui me te Paunga-Haputanga: Ka whakamahia e ngā tipu Waro-i-te-Pulp (CIP) me te Waro-i-te-Leach (CIL) ngā mīhini whakakorikori nui, kutikuti-teitei. Ngāwari Te Karauna Mahi ka tere te pakaru hei puehu angiangi i raro i tēnei kaha kutikuti kaha, ka haria te koura utu nui kua mimitia tika ki roto i ngā Whare Rokiroki Tailings (TSF). Hei tāpiri, ko ngā paparanga kirikiri waro tūturu i roto i te konganuku ka "preg-rob" i te koura mai i te otinga. Tuatoru, Te Tirotiro Taiao Kaha (DWS me NEMA): E whakatinana ana te Tari Wai me te Parakore o Āwherika ki te Tonga (DWS) me te Ture Whakahaere Taiao ā-Motu (NEMA) i ngā here e tino aroturukitia ana mō te tukunga cyanide kore utu me te konganuku taumaha ki roto i ngā puna paru hei ārai i te Wairewa Maina Waikawa (AMD) me te poke o te wai whenua.
United Chemical e tuku ana i tētahi hanganga matū whānui, kua whakamātauhia i te mara, kua whakaritea mō ngā tipu koura taumata-hohonu me ngā tipu koura ātete-waikura o Āwherika ki te Tonga. Mā te whakakotahi i ngā wai whakapūkara parakore-teitei, he tino pakari Te kokonati kokonati te waro, me ngā kaitārai wai kore-morearea e pai ana ki te taiao, ka whakamanahia e mātou ngā kaimaina o Awherika ki te Tonga ki te whakanui ake i te whakaora, te whakakore i te ngaronga waro, me te pupuri i te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga taiao katoa.
Matū Matū Whakaritea mō ngā Mahi Koura o Āwherika ki te Tonga
AuCyan™ Konutai Cyanide NaCN (≥98.3%)
Ko ngā konganuku hohonu o raro whenua mai i te Witwatersrand me ngā konganuku Barberton e nui ana te whanariki, e hiahia ana ki tētahi lixiviant parakore teitei hei whakakore i ngā whanariki konganuku turanga tauhohe me te whakatutuki i te rewa tere o te koura.
Te Parakore Tino Pai (≥98.3% NaCN):AuCyan™ e whakarato ana i te nui rawa o te wātea o te katote cyanide kore utu. Ka hinga i tēnei kukū matū hohe teitei ngā paparanga whakangāwari whanariki i runga i ngā konganuku pyritic, ka tere ake te tere o te tāke i roto i ngā tāke tāke hau me ngā pūnaha tāke kaha-teitei.
Ngā Whakatutukitanga Pūmau mō ngā Tūkino SANS 10228 / SANS 10231: Ka tukuna tika atu mā te Tauranga o Durban, ka tākaihia a AuCyan™ ki roto i ngā pūwero maitai taumaha kua whakamanahia e te UN me ngā arai o roto kua whakapakaritia, e tutuki ana i ngā Paerewa ā-Motu katoa o Awherika ki te Tonga mō te whakahaere taonga morearea me te kawe whenua ki uta ki ngā wāhi maina o Gauteng me Free State.
Waro Whakahohe Anga Kokonati AuCarb™ Whakaora Koura (≥99% Mārō)
Ko ngā tipu CIP o Āwherika ki te Tonga he nui te rahinga pērā i a South Deep, me whakamahi waro whakahohe e āhei ai te ātete ki te pānga miihini tonu, me te hopu kaha hoki i te koura mai i ngā paru matatini.
Ātete Tino Kaha ki te Whakakā (≥99% Te Pakari): I hangaia mai i ngā anga kokonati Initonīhia kiato nui mā te whakahohenga mamaoa motuhake, AuCarb™ He kaha ā-ringa tino pai. Ka ārai i te whakaputanga o te waro moroiti i roto i ngā mīhini kutikuti-teitei, ka tiaki i ngā hekere koura kei ngaro ki ngā toenga para.
Te Mimi Tere me te Pehi Pai rawa atu i te Hāputanga: I hangaia me te tohatoha micropore me te mesopore tino pai, ka whakaatuhia e AuCarb™ te tere o te mimiti o te koura-cyanide matatini [Au(CN)₂⁻], e whakataetae ana ki ngā matū waro waro tūturu kei roto i ngā toka o Āwherika ki te Tonga.
AuLeach™ Kaihoko Whakarewa Koura (GDA) - Kāore he Mōrearea
I te mea e whakawhāiti ana te Tari Wai me te Parakore o Āwherika ki te Tonga i ngā here tukunga paru, ka whakaratohia e AuLeach™ he huarahi tango paru kore-cyanide, he tino whai hua hoki mō ngā maina hou e aro nui ana ki te ESG.
Kore-Cyanide & e tutuki ana i ngā whakaritenga DWS/NEMA: Kua whakarōpūtia hei matū kore-morearea, AuLeach™ Ka tino whakangawaritia te whakahaere o te Whare Rokiroki Taira (TSF). Ka ārai i te kohikohinga o ngā matū paitini, ka tino whakaitihia ngā utu tango paitini, ā, ka whakangawaritia hoki te whakahoutanga o ngā raihana wai.
Te Whakahoutanga o te Whare me te Whakawhiti Tere: He whakakapinga tika a AuLeach™ mō te NaCN. Ka mahi pai i roto i ngā tāke CIL/CIP me ngā ara iahiko waikura, kāore he whakapainga whakapaipai. Hei tāpiri, hei utanga kore-morearea, ka karohia e ia ngā here kawe mōrearea mai i te Tauranga o Durban.
Te Ratonga Tukunga Koreutu: Te Tauranga o Durban ki ngā Marae Koura o Awherika ki te Tonga
Ko te tuku tonu te toto ora o ngā maina nunui o raro whenua o Āwherika ki te Tonga. United Chemical kua whakatū i tētahi mekameka tuku taonga pakari i hangaia mō ngā pokapū maina ā-rohe o Āwherika ki te Tonga.
Te Whakatakotoranga o te Tauranga o Durban me te Whakakorenga Tikanga Tere: Kei a mātou ngā ratonga tuku ipu matua ki te Tauranga o Durban, me te tautokona e ngā tuhinga tikanga kua whakangāwaritia mō ngā matū kino NaCN Akomanga 6.1 me ngā matū waro ahumahi whānui me ngā matū GDA.
Te Whakahaere Tika i ngā Ratonga Rōpū ki ngā Wāhi o ngā Tohorā: Mai i Durban, ka whakahaerehia e ō mātou hoa mahi ratonga raihana te kawe tere i runga i te rori me te tereina ki ngā whare putunga maina i City Deep (Johannesburg), Welkom (Free State), Klerksdorp (North West), me Barberton (Mpumalanga).
Whakamātauria ā Mātou Tauhohenga ki tō Kohatu o Awherika ki te Tonga
Whakarei ake i ngā tere whakaora o tō tipu, whakaitihia hoki te whakamahinga o ngā matū matū. E tonohia ana ngā Kaiwhakahaere Tipu, ngā Kaihanga Hangarau, me ngā Kaiwhakahaere Taiwhanga puta noa i Āwherika ki te Tonga ki te tono tauira kore utu o AuCyan™, AuCarb™, AuLeach™ rānei mō ngā whakamātautau pōro me te mimiti.
Tonoa he Tauira Taiwhanga Koreutu Inaianei
Ngā Pātai Auau: Te Tukatuka Koura i Āwherika ki te Tonga
1. Me pēhea te whakapai ake a AuCyan™ i te tango koura mai i ngā konganuku pyritic i roto i te Barberton Greenstone Belt?
He tino kaha te pyritic me te arsenopyritic o ngā kōhatu i Barberton (pērā i Fairview me Sheba). He uaua ki te cyanide iti te pakaru i roto i te whakakī o te matrix sulfide. AuCyan™ (≥98.3% parakore) ka whakarite i te kukū tiketike o ngā katote CN⁻ kore utu, ka pupuri i te kaha akiaki kaha o te waikura-rewanga, me te whakanui ake i te whakaoranga nekeneke i roto i ngā ara iahiko waikura pēhanga (POX) me ngā ara iahiko CIL hiku-tākai.
2. He aha te hiranga o te pakeketanga o te waro mō ngā tipu CIP nunui i ngā mara koura o Free State o Āwherika ki te Tonga?
E tukatukahia ana e ngā tipu Free State CIL/CIP ngā mano tāne o te konganuku i ia rā mā te whakamahi i ngā impeller whakaoho kaha-teitei. Ka pāngia te waro ngohengohe e te mimiti miihini, ka huri hei puehu waro e mawhiti ana i roto i ngā ārai haumaru ki roto i ngā puna paru. Waro Whakahohe AuCarb™ e tuku ana i te pakeketanga ≥99%, e ārai ana i te pakaru o te waro me te pupuri i ngā hua koura.
3. Me pēhea te āwhina a AuLeach™ i ngā maina o Āwherika ki te Tonga ki te whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga a te Tari Wai me te Parakore (DWS)?
He tino kaha te whakatinanatanga a te DWS o Āwherika ki te Tonga i ngā herenga mō ngā taumata cyanide i roto i te wai o ngā paru o te maina hei tiaki i ngā awa me ngā puna wai e karapoti ana. AuLeach™ GDA Kāore he cyanide, ā, kāore hoki e mōrearea ki te taiao, e āhei ai ngā maina ki te whakaiti nui i ngā utu maimoatanga paru me te whai ngāwari i ngā ture wai NEMA.
4. Ka taea e AuCarb™ te wikitoria i te waro kirikiri e tango ana i te waro i roto i ngā Reefs o Witwatersrand Carbon Leader?
Āe. Ka taea e ngā konganuku kei roto he kirikiri waro (he rauemi e tango ana i te konupūmā) te mimiti wawe i te koura kua rewa. AuCarb™ He tino tere te mimiti me te hanganga pūwero pai ake, e āhei ai te mimiti tere me te kaha ake i ngā matū waro hapūtanga e tango ana i te māngaro i roto i te paru.
5. He aha ngā paerewa kawe waka mō te tuku i a AuCyan™ mai i te Tauranga o Durban ki ngā maina o Gauteng?
Ngā tukunga katoa o AuCyan™ (Taonga Morearea Akomanga 6.1) kia tino tutuki i ngā paerewa SANS 10228 me SANS 10231. Ka tākaihia ngā matū matū ki roto i ngā ipu rino UN kua hiritia, he taumaha te ine, ā, ka haria mā roto i ngā waka kawe matū kua raihanahia mai i te Tauranga o Durban ki ngā whare putunga maina i Johannesburg, Carletonville, me Welkom.
6. E hototahi ana a AuLeach™ ki ngā ara iahiko whakaputa me te ara iahiko wikitoria hiko o Āwherika ki te Tonga?
Te tino. AuLeach™ GDA kāore e hiahiatia he whakarerekētanga whakapaipai. Ka hangaia he matatini koura pumau e piri pai ana ki runga Wao Whakahohe Anga Kokonati ā, ka horoia kia ma i roto i ngā tipu whakaranu me te wikitoria hiko Anglo American paerewa, Zadra rānei.
7. He pēhea te mahi a AuCyan™ i roto i ngā tauhohenga tātā wai kaha-teitei (HLR) pērā i ngā pūnaha Acacia?
Ko ngā tauhohenga parakore teitei e hiahiatia ana e ngā tauhohenga whakarewa kaha-tiketike e tukatuka ana i ngā kukū koura ā-papa. AuCyan™ (≥98.3%) ka tere, ka tino memeha, ka whakarite kia tata ki te 99% te memeha o ngā matūriki koura matotoru me ngā matūriki koura pai i roto i ngā huringa horoi puranga o te tauhohenga i roto i ngā hāora.
8. He aha i whiriwhiri ai ngā wheketere koura o Āwherika ki te Tonga i te waro anga kokonati o Initonīhia, kaua i te waro waro o te rohe?
Ahakoa e hangaia ana ngā waro waro i te rohe, he nui ake te horahanga mata moroiti o te waro whakahohe anga kokonati, ā, he tino pakari ake hoki (≥99%). AuCarb™ Waro Kokonati he nui ake te kaha uta koura (uara-K) me te iti ake o ngā reiti mimiti ina whakaritea ki te waro waro.
9. He aha te roanga o te wā e tukuna ai ngā ipu matū mai i te Tauranga o Durban ki ngā wāhi maina?
Kia tau ngā kaipuke moana ki te Tauranga o Durban, ka taea te tuku i ngā ipu i roto i ngā rā pakihi e 3 ki te 5 e ā mātou tikanga tikanga kua whakaaetia i mua. E 24 ki te 48 hāora te roa mō te kawe waka ki Gauteng, Free State, Barberton rānei, kia taea ai te whakahaere i ngā taonga.
10. Me pēhea e taea ai e ngā tohunga whakarewa tipu o Āwherika ki te Tonga te tono tauira kore utu mō ngā whakamātautau pounamu-pōtae taiwhanga?
Ka taea e ngā Kaihanga Metallurgist me ngā Kaiwhakahaere Taiwhanga Matua i Āwherika ki te Tonga te tono Ngā Tauira Whakamātautau Koreutu o AuCyan™, AuCarb™, AuLeach™ rānei mā roto i tā mātou puka whakapā paetukutuku. Ka tukuna tika atu e mātou ngā kete tauira ki tō taiwhanga pae mō ngā aromatawai pōro pounamu CIL me te mimiti nekeneke.
- Ihirangi Matapōkere
- Ihirangi wera
- Te ihirangi arotake wera
- HE TIUPAPA HAUORA ME TE WHAKAMAHI HAURAU
- 99.5% min Ammonium Chloride Mo te Whakamahi Ahumahi
- Pāhare pāhare pāporo – Kōeke Ahumahi
- Haukini Anhydrous 99% Wai
- waikawa cyanoacetic 99% paura
- Hinu Pine 85% Hinu Pinitol Kounga Teitei 85% Kowhai Maama Ki Te Wai Hinu Taekore
- Koeke Kai Te Maama Maama Te Konupora Waowao Paura Paura 99%
- 1Ko te Sodium Cyanide kua whakahekehia (CAS: 143-33-9) mo te Maina - Kounga teitei me te Utu Whakataetae
- 2Konutai Cyanide 98.3% CAS 143-33-9 NaCN, he mea nui mō ngā ahumahi matū keri
- 3Nga Ture Hou a Haina mo te Kaweake i te Sodium Cyanide me te Arataki mo nga Kaihoko Ao
- 4Sodium Cyanide (CAS: 143-33-9) Tiwhikete kaiwhakamahi mutunga (Putanga Hainamana me te reo Ingarihi)
- 5Waehere Whakahaere - Paerewa Whakaaetanga Maina Koura
- 6Haina wheketere Waikawa Sulfuric 98%
- 7Waikawa Oxalic Anhydrous 99.6% Koeke Ahumahi
- 1Konutai Cyanide 98.3% CAS 143-33-9 NaCN, he mea nui mō ngā ahumahi matū keri
- 2Te Maamaa Teitei · Te Mahinga Pumau · Te Whakaora Teitei — te konutai cyanide mo te riihi koura hou
- 3Tāpiritanga Kai Kai Te Sarcosine 99% min
- 4Nga Ture Kawemai me te Tautukunga o te Sodium Cyanide - Te Whakapumau i te Kawemai Haumaru me te Whakaritea ki Peru
- 5United ChemicalKo te Rōpū Rangahau e whakaatu ana i te mana ma roto i nga tirohanga a te Raraunga
- 6AuCyan™ Konutai Cyanide Mahi-Teitei | 98.3% Parakore mō te Keri Koura o te Ao
- 7Mamati Hiko Detonator（Wā whakaroa 0~ 16000ms）
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