Oltin konida siyanidsiz suyuqlikni tozalash usullari bo'yicha eksperimental tadqiqot

INishlab chiqarish

In Oltin qazib olish sanoati, the treatment of siyanid-poor liquid is of great significance. Sianidga ega bo'lmagan suyuqlik, such as the solution after Oltin qazib olish in Siyanizatsiya jarayoni, contains various pollutants, especially siyanid compounds, which can cause serious Atrof-muhit ifloslanishi if not properly treated. Therefore, developing efficient and cost-effective Davolash usullari uchun Cyanide-poor liquid is an urgent task. This blog post focfoydalanish on the experimental study of Davolash usullari for cyanide-poor liquid in a certain Oltin koni, aiming to provide valuable insights and references for the sanoat.

Sianid-yomon suyuqlik bilan ishlov berish usullariga umumiy nuqtai

Generally, the treatment methods for cyanide-poor liquid can be roughly divided into two caTEGories: tozalash usullari va qayta tiklash (regeneratsiya) usullari.

Tozalash usullari

1.Alkali-XlorOksidlanish usuli

• Bu nisbatan MAture method for destroying siyanidlar in wastesuv va keng qo'llaniladi elektrokaplama plants, coking plants, and Oltin eritish plants. Under the condition of pH 11 - 12. Sianidlar and metal complex ions in siyanidli oqava suvlar are oxidized into Siyanatlar, and then chlorine is added a second time to oxidize them into uglerod dioxide, nitrogen, va hokazo

• Afzalliklari : Jarayon nisbatan etuk, yaxshi davolash effektlari va keng qo'llanilishi bilan ajralib turadi. Davolash jarayonini osongina avtomatlashtirish mumkin.

• Kamchiliklari: siyanidlar cannot be recycled, the treatment cost is high, and it cannot remove temir moddasi-cyanide complexes. There is also the problem of secondary pollution.

2.Oltingugurt dioksidi - havoni oksidlanish usuli

• In a stirred container, the waste liquid is added, and air and SO₂ (liquid or gas, or sulfite solution, or obtained by burning elemental sulfur) are introduced. The pH is controlled at 7 - 10. and Laym uchun odatlangan neytrallash The kislota davomida yaratilgan Oksidlanish reaksiyasi. The reaktsiya requires the presence of eruvchanmis (kabi Katalizator).

• The Inco - SO₂/air Oksidlanish method can decompose all Sianidlar, shu jumladan, temir moddasi-cyanidesva temir-cyanides can be preCIPitated and removed using some xavfsiz va arzon reaktivlar.

3.vodorod peroksid usul

• This process is suitable for treaqalayg low - concentration Tarkibida siyanid bor oqava suvlar. Vodorod periks can oxidize cyanide in tailings into relatively weak and easily gidrolizlangan cyanic acid (HCNO), which is then removed by further oxidation and hydrolysis.

4.Ozon oksidlanish usuli

• Ozone is a Kuchli oksidlovchi vosita. When used to treat cyanide-containing wastewater, it is more complete than the alkali-chlorine oxidation method, with better Sianidni olib tashlash effects. After ozonation, the dissolved oxygen in the wastewater solution increases, which can be returned to the Sianidlanish system for recycling, faCILitaqalayg the dissolution of oltin and improving the gold Yuvish samaradorligi.

• afzalliklari: The operation is simple and convenient, easy to control, and the DEGAree ning Ishlab chiqarish automation is high. Ozone can be produced on - site, which is of great significance for siyanidlanish plants with inconvenient tashish but sufficient power sUPply. The purification samaradorlik is high, and no secondary pollution is generated.

• Kamchiliklari: The power iste'mol for producing ozone is large, and the Ishlab chiqarish tannarxi is high, which limits its wide application.

5.Elektrolitik oksidlanish usuli

• oldin elektroliz, first adjust the pH of the cyanide-poor liquid to >7. add a small amount of salt, use graphite as the anode and titanium plate as the cathode, and use an gidroksidiMis - ruxSuvli eritma as the electrolyte. When direct current is passed, metal copper and rux are produced at the cathode, and Vodorod is also generated. At the anode, CN⁻ is oxidized into CNO⁻, CO₂, N₂, and Cl⁻ is oxidized into Cl₂, and Cl₂ enters the solution to generate HClO.

6.Microbial Oxidation Method

• This method uses the bioKimyoviy xossalari of microorganisms to decompose cyanides, thiocyanates, and iron-cyanides, generating ammiak, carbon dioxide, and Sulfats, or hydrolyzing cyanides into formamide. At the same time, bacteria adsorb H.E.A.vy Metall ionlari, causing them to fall off with the biofilm and be removed.

• Muhim xususiyat : Sianidni olib tashlash tezligini o'rtacha darajada ushlab turish uchun harorat har doim 10 ℃ dan yuqori bo'lishi kerak.

Qayta tiklash (Rejeneratsiya) Methods

1. Kislotalash usuli

• The main principle of this method is to add sulfat kislota to the cyanide-containing wastewater, adjust the pH to about 1.5. and convert CN⁻ into HCN. The escaped HCN gas is introduced into an absorber and absorbed by an alkaline solution (natriy gidroksidi or kaltsiy gidroksidi solution) to obtain a 20% - 30% siyanid eritmasi, which can be recycled.

• afzalliklari: This process can maximize the Sianidlarni qayta tiklash, improve the effective utilization rate of cyanides, and reduce production costs.

• Kamchiliklari: The one - time investment cost is large, the jarayon oqimi is complex, and it is difficult for the treated cyanide-containing residual liquid to meet the discharge standards.

2.Ion almashinuvi usuli

• In the treatment of cyanide-poor liquid, ion exchange qatronlar can be used to enrich cyanides.

3.Adsorbsiya usul

• Faollashtirilgan uglerod adsorbsiyasi: adsorbsiya of Faollashtirilgan karbon mainly depends on its numerous internal pores and large muayyan sirt maydoni. The ADSORTSIYA process includes physical adsorption and chemical adsorption. The removal of cyanide mainly has three ways: oxidation, hydrolysis, and stripping. The main process is the oxidative decomposition reaction of cyanides in cyanide-containing wastewater with Vodorod peroksid yuzasida faol uglerod.

4.hal qiluvchi Ekstraksiya usuli

• Erituvchilar are used to extract valuable components and cyanides from cyanide-poor liquid.

5.Suyuq membrana usuli

• In the treatment of cyanide-poor liquid, the oil - in - water system is mainly used. The basic principle is: first, acidify the cyanide-containing wastewater to convert the siyanid ionlari in it into HCN. HCN passes through the oil - phase liquid membrane into the inner water phase and then reacts with NaOH to generate NaCN.

6. Elektrodializ usuli

• This method uses an electric field to drive the migration of ions through ion - exchange membranes to ACHieve the ayrilish and recovery of substances.

Experimental Study on a oltin koni's Cyanide-Poor Liquid

Tajriba haqida ma'lumot

The cyanide-poor liquid of a certain Oltin koni has a particularly high total cyanide content, reaching up to 13000mg/L. Such high - concentration Sianid - o'z ichiga oqava suvlar poses a great threat to the atrof-muhit and requires effective treatment.

Eksperimental usullar

1.H₂O₂ + ClO₂ + C Adsorbsiya usuli

• In this method, hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and chlorine dioxide (ClO₂) are first used as oksidlovchis to oxidize the cyanides in the cyanide - poor liquid. Then, Faollashgan uglerod (C) adsorption is carried out to further remove the remaining pollutants.

2.Three - Stage Oxidation (H₂O₂ + katalizatorlar “M”) + Chlorination Aeration + C Adsorption Method

• Uch bosqichli oksidlanish : Uch bosqichli oksidlanish uchun vodorod peroksid (H₂O₂) va maxsus “M” katalizator ishlatiladi. Bu murakkab siyanidlarni o'z ichiga olgan turli siyanid birikmalarining yanada puxta oksidlanishini ta'minlash uchun amalga oshiriladi.

• Xlorlash aeratsiyasi : Uch bosqichli oksidlanishdan so'ng, xlorlash aeratsiyasi amalga oshiriladi. Xlor aeratsiya paytida suyuqlikka kiritiladi, bu esa qolgan siyanid bilan bog'liq moddalarni va boshqa ba'zi qaytariladigan ifloslantiruvchi moddalarni yanada oksidlashi mumkin.

• C Adsorbsiya: Finally, Faollashtirilgan uglerod adsorbsiyasi is used to adsorb the remaining fine - grained pollutants and any residual cyanide - related substances to achieve the goal of purifying the cyanide - poor liquid.

Tajriba natijalari va taqqoslash

1.H₂O₂ + ClO₂ + C Adsorbsiya usuli

• Ushbu usul ma'lum darajada siyanidni olib tashlashga erishdi, ammo ishlov berilgan suyuqlikdagi yakuniy umumiy siyanid miqdori hali ham nisbatan yuqori bo'lib, qat'iy milliy tushirish standartlariga javob bermadi.

2.Uch bosqichli Oksidlanish (H₂O₂ + Katalizator “M”) + Xlorlash aeratsiyasi + C Adsorbsiya usuli

• This method showed more satisfactory results. The final total cyanide content was reduced to 0.44mg/L, which meets the national discharge standards. In addition, the content of other Og'ir metallar also met the relevant national standard talablar.

• Narx - samaradorlik: In terms of cost, although the three - stage oxidation process with a catalyst and additional chlorination aeration requires more complex Operatsiyalar and the use of certain katalizatorlar and chlorine, overall, compared with some other overly complex or high - cost methods, the cost is relatively reasonable. It can effectively treat high - concentration cyanide - poor liquid while controlling costs within an acceptable range.

Xulosa

The treatment of cyanide - poor liquid in Oltin konlari is a complex but crucial task. Through the experimental study on the cyanide - poor liquid of a certain gold mine, it can be seen that different treatment methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. The three - stage oxidation (H₂O₂ + catalyst “M”) + chlorination aeration + C adsorption method shows relatively ideal treatment effects and cost - effectiveness for the cyanide - poor liquid with high total cyanide content in this gold mine. However, continuous research and improvement are still needed in the future to develop more efficient, cost - effective, and Tabiatga zarar keltirmaydigan treatment methods to better meet the requirements of Atrof muhitni muhofaza qilish va Barqaror rivojlanish yilda Oltin qazib olish sanoati.