Amakhemikhali Okukhipha Igolide Athuthukisiwe E-Colombian Metallurgy
Ukuthuthukisa Ama-Ore Angaguquki Kuwo Wonke Amabhande E-Antioquia Ne-Segovia
United Chemical inikeza ubumsulwa obuqinisekisiwe be-AuCyan™ Sodium Cyanide NaCN (≥98.3%), i-AuCarb™ Gold Recovery Coconut Shell Activated Carbon (≥99% Ubulukhuni), kanye ne-AuLeach™ Gold Leaching Agent (GDA) engeyona ingozi ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kwe-Heap leaching, i-VAT leaching, i-CIP, i-CIL, kanye ne-CIC kuyo yonke imboni yezimayini yaseColombia.
Indawo Yezimayini YaseColombia: Ukuhlangana Kwezinselele ZeJografi Nezemvelo
IColombia ibona inkathi yokuguqula ekukhishweni kwegolide kwezentengiselwano. Kusukela emisebenzini engaphansi komhlaba esezingeni lomhlaba e- Antioquia (njenge-Buriticá kanye ne-Segovia-Remedios belts) kuya ezindaweni ezicebile eCaldas (Marmato) naseChocó , leli zwe linikeza amandla amakhulu e-metallurgical. Kodwa-ke, i-mineralogy yaseColombia ivame ukuveza ama-ore ayinkimbinkimbi, aphikisayo e-sulfide aqukethe ama-pyrite nama-tellurides. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imvula enkulu yasezindaweni ezishisayo kanye nomswakama we-Andean geography kubeka ingcindezi enkulu ekugcinweni nasekuzinzeni kwamakhemikhali okumba.
Njengomkhiqizi ohamba phambili othumela ngokuziqhenya ku Amazwe we-77 + emhlabeni jikelele, United Chemical ihlinzeka ngengqalasizinda yamakhemikhali eyenziwe ngokwezifiso elwa nalezi zithiyo ezithile. Siyaqaphela izimfuneko eziqinile zemvelo eziphoqelelwa yi-National Authority of Environmental Licenses (ANLA) yaseColombia, ehlinzeka ngama-reagent avamile anamandla aphezulu kanye nezinye izindlela ezingezona eziyingozi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imisebenzi yakho ihlala ikhiqiza kakhulu futhi ithobela imithetho engu-100% kuyo yonke indawo. I-Carbon-in-Pulp (CIP), I-Carbon-in-Leach (CIL), I-Carbon-in-Column (CIC), I-Heap leaching, kanye ne-Vat leaching.
Ukuze siqinisekise ukuphepha okuphelele kwezokuthutha kanye nezintambo zokuphakelwa ezingaphazanyiswa, sisebenza kuphela ngempahla yolwandle. Senza ukuthengiselana ngaphansi kwemigomo ye-FOB (amachweba aseShayina) noma ye -CIF ngqo ezindleleni ezibalulekile zaseColombia zasolwandle, okuhlanganisa iPort of Buenaventura (Pacific), iPort of Cartagena, kanye nePort of Barranquilla (Caribbean) . Asisebenzisi ezokuthutha zesitimela zamazwe ngamazwe. Sisekelwa yi-Minimum Order Quantity (MOQ) eqinile ye- 1x20' FCL , siqinisekisa amanani aqondile avela efektri kubasebenzi bezentengiselwano.
1. Ukunqoba Izithiyo Zokusebenza zaseColombia
Umswakama Okwedlulele Nokugcina Izinto Ezishisayo
Izifunda ezifana neChocó kanye nemithambeka yase-Andean zithola imvula ephezulu kakhulu emhlabeni jikelele. Ukufakwa kwamakhemikhali okujwayelekile kuyahluleka ngaphansi komswakama ophezulu, okubangela ukuthi iSodium Cyanide isheshe i-hydrolyze futhi yonakale ngaphambi kokuba ifike ngisho nasezitsheni zokudonsa amanzi.
Ama-Refractory Sulfides (ama-Cyanicides)
Ibhande le-Segovia-Remedios likhiqiza ama-ore acebile ngama-sulfide (i-pyrite, i-sphalerite). Lawa asebenza njengezinto ezisusa umoya-mpilo kanye ne-cyanide , ziqeda ngokushesha ama-reagent abuthakathaka futhi zinciphise kakhulu amazinga okuncibilika kwegolide ematangini e-CIL.
Ukuhlolwa Kwezemvelo Okuqinile kwe-ANLA
Njengoba uhulumeni waseColombia elwa kanzima nokumbiwa phansi okungekho emthethweni kanye nokukhishwa kwemfucuza enobuthi, izitshalo ezinkulu zezentengiselwano zibhekene nengcindezi enkulu yokuvumela. Ukuthutha nokuhlanza i-cyanide yendabuko ye-Class 6.1 kudinga abaphelezeli abanamandla kanye nokuthobela imithetho ngokweqile i-OPEX.
2. Unxantathu Wegolide: United ChemicalIzixazululo ze-'s ze-Colombia
I-AuCyan™ Sodium Cyanide NaCN (≥98.3%)
Izinga Lokuhlanzeka: ≥98.3%Ukuze kunqotshwe ama-sulfide angenakuphikiswa atholakala emabhandeni egolide e-Antioquia, i-AuCyan™ Sodium Cyanide NaCN inikeza ulaka lwamakhemikhali olungenakuqhathaniswa. Siqinisekisa ngokuqinile ubumsulwa obuncane obungu- ≥98.3% (ngokuhlaziywa kwefektri njalo ku-98.5%). Lokhu kuhlushwa okukhulu kwama-ion e-CN⁻ amahhala kunqamula ngokushesha izinsimbi eziyisisekelo eziyinkimbinkimbi, okuqinisekisa ukuthi i-kinetics yakho yokuncibilika kwegolide ihlala ishesha futhi isebenza kahle.
Ukupakishwa Okulwa Nokushiswa Kwegesi: Kuvalwe ezigubhuni zensimbi ezingama-50kg eziqinisekiswe yi-UN noma emabhokisini ezinkuni angu-1,000kg aqinile. Isitsha ngasinye sinomugqa wangaphakathi we-Polyethylene (PE) ojiyile, ovimbela ngokuphelele ukungena komswakama ngesikhathi sokuthutha eBuenaventura kanye nokugcinwa ezindaweni ezinemvula eningi.
I-pH ezinzile Ukulungisa i-buffering: Okuqukethwe okuphansi kwe-sodium hydroxide (NaOH) okungaphenduliwe kunciphisa ukukala kwamapayipi kanye nama-heat exchanger.
📊Imininingwane Yobuchwepheshe: Izinga Lokuhlanzeka Elingu-98.3%
Njengoba sidlula amazinga okusebenza embonini, amaqoqo ethu okukhiqiza akamuva ahlala efinyelela amazinga "ekhwalithi ephezulu". Ngezansi kunedatha yokusebenza eqinisekisiwe.
| Izinto Zokuhlola | Okujwayelekile (GB/T 19306-2003) | I-AuCyan™ (Ejwayelekile) | Umthelela Wokusebenza |
|---|---|---|---|
| I-Sodium Cyanide (NaCN) | ≥ 98.0% | 98.3% | I-kinetics ephezulu yokuncibilika kwegolide kanye namazinga okululama. |
| I-Sodium Hydrooxide (NaOH) | ≤ 0.5% | 0.13% | Ukuqina kwe-pH okuphezulu; kuvimbela i-hydrolysis ngaphambi kwesikhathi. |
| I-Sodium Carbonate (Na2CO3) | ≤ 0.5% | 0.18% | Ukuphazamiseka kokungcola okuncishisiwe kwisisombululo sokuvuza. |
| Umswakama (H2O) | ≤ 0.9% | 0.3% | Ukuqina okuqinile okuthuthukisiwe ngesikhathi sokugcina isikhathi eside kanye nokuhamba olwandle. |
| Izinto Ezingancibiliki | ≤ 0.05% | 0.02% | Ifomula yokulwa nokuvaleka; ivikela amaphampu abalulekile kanye nama-nozzle. |
I-AuCarb™ Gold Recovery Coconut Shell Activated Carbon
Ukuqina kwe-Ball-Pan: ≥99%Emathangini e-CIP kanye ne-CIL agitation aqinile, i-Carbon ethambile eqaliswayo ichotshozwa ibe uthuli olucolekile, ithwale igolide lakho elifakwe emanzini liqonde ngqo edamini le-tailings. I-AuCarb™ Activated Carbon yenziwe nge- Coconut Shell ekhethwe ngesandla, enobukhulu obuphezulu ngokusebenzisa i-steam activation eqinile. Siqinisekisa ubulukhuni be-ball-pan obuphezulu obungu- ≥99% , obuqeda cishe ukulahlekelwa komshini.
I-Rapid Adsorption Kinetics: Umsebenzi we-Iodine kanye ne-CTC ophakeme kakhulu uqinisekisa ukuthi ama-complex e-gold-cyanide asuswa ngokushesha esixazululweni, okwandisa ukuphuma kwesitshalo sonke.
Okuqukethwe Okuphansi Kweplatelet: Kwenziwe ngamaplatelet angu-≤5% ukuze kumelwane nobuthi bezinto eziphilayo futhi kuqinisekiswe ukususwa okuphumelelayo kakhulu kanye nemijikelezo yokuvuselelwa kokushisa.
📊 Uchungechunge lwe-AuCarb™: Ithebula Lokuqhathanisa Okunembile Lamapharamitha Ayinhloko
Ukuze kube lula inqubo yokukhetha enembile kakhulu eklanyelwe isekethe yakho yensimbi ethile, sifingqe amapharamitha obuchwepheshe ayinhloko ezinhlobo zethu ezine ze-AuCarb™ eziphambili.
| Ipharamitha Yokuhlola Okuyinhloko | I-AuCarb™ BC1100 | I-AuCarb™ AC50 | I-AuCarb™ AC55 | I-AuCarb™ AC60 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indawo Yokulinganisa Imakethe | I-Heap Leach Ejwayelekile / Ukusebenza Okubiza Kakhulu | Umkhiqizo oqhathaniswayo: Jacobi G208AS | Umkhiqizo oqhathaniswayo: Jacobi G209AS | Ukukhetha okuthuthukisiwe kwe-Large Scale / Okungaqhathaniswa: Jacobi G210AS |
| Ukuminyana Okubonakalayo | 0.40 - 0.50 g/ml | 0.48 - 0.55 g/ml | 0.45 - 0.55 g/ml | 0.45 - 0.55 g/ml |
| Ukuqina kwepani lebhola | ≥ 98.5% | ≥ 99% | ≥ 99% | ≥ 99% |
| Okuqukethwe kweplatelet | ≤ 5% | ≤ 5% | ≤ 5% | ≤ 5% |
| Ukudla | ≤ 2% | ≤ 1.5% | ≤ 2% | ≤ 2% |
| Isamba sokuqukethwe komlotha | ≤ 5% | ≤ 3% | ≤ 3% | ≤ 3% |
| umswakama | ≤ 10% | ≤ 5% | ≤ 5% | ≤ 5% |
| Amandla Okumunca (Inani le-K) | / | ≥ 26 kg/t | ≥ 28 kg/t | ≥ 30 kg/t |
| Izinga Lokudonswa (Inani lika-R) | / | ≥ 50% | ≥ 55% | ≥ 60% |
| Inombolo ye-Iodine | ≥ 1100 mg/g | / | / | / |
| Umsebenzi we-Butane | / | ≥ 19.5% | ≥ 21% | ≥ 23% |
| I-CTC (Umsebenzi we-Carbon Tetrachloride) | / | ≥ 50% | ≥ 55% | / |
* Izindinganiso Zokusebenza: Ihambisana nezindinganiso ze-ASTM zaseMelika kanye nezindinganiso zokuhlola izimayini zangaphakathi ze-AARL. Umkhiqizo uphumelele ukuhlolwa komuntu wesithathu futhi amasampula okuhlola anganikezwa uma eceliwe.
I-AuLeach™ Gold Leaching Agent (GDA) - Ayiyona Ingozi
I-Reagent Engeyona IngoziUkuze kuhlolwe ngokujulile imithetho ye-ANLA futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuvunyelwa komphakathi komasipala baseColombia abanozwelo emvelweni, i-AuLeach™ Gold Leaching Agent (GDA) iyisisombululo esiqinisekile. Iqinisekiswe emhlabeni wonke njengekhemikhali engeyona ingozi , i-AuLeach™ ithatha indawo ye-sodium cyanide ngokuphelele , inciphisa izindleko ezinkulu zezindiza zezempi kanye nezimvume zokungenisa amakhemikhali eziyinkimbinkimbi.
I-CAPEX Yemishini Engenayo: Iyindlela yokufaka esikhundleni se-100%. Mane nje usebenzise ama-Heap leaching pads akho akhona, amathangi e-VAT leaching, kanye nengqalasizinda ye-CIL ngaphandle kokushintsha amaphampu noma ukwengeza imishini emisha.
I-Andean Logistics Engenazingxabano: Ithunyelwa njengempahla evamile, idlula imikhawulo yezimpahla eziyingozi emachwebeni aseCartagena naseBuenaventura, isheshisa izikhathi zokulethwa endaweni yemayini.
Ukunciphisa Okukhulu kwe-OPEX: Kunciphisa kakhulu izindleko zokususa ubuthi emisileni (njenge-INCO SO₂/Air) ngaphambi kokuchitha emanzini asezintabeni azwelayo.
Qinisekisa Ukusebenza Kumasampula Akho E-Colombian Ore
Ingabe ama-ore ane-sulfide ephezulu ayakubambezela ukululama kwakho? Ingabe imithetho eqinile ye-ANLA iyakulibazisa iphrojekthi yakho? Simema ochwepheshe bensimbi baseColombia, abaqondisi bezitshalo, kanye nabaphathi be-Supply Chain ukuthi bahlole ukuphakama kwethu kwamakhemikhali ngokuzimela.
📌 Ukutholakala Kwesampula Yelebhu Yamahhala:
United Chemical ngenjabulo ihlinzeka ngamasampula okuhlolwa kwaselebhu mahhala kuphela I-AuCarb™ Gold Recovery Coconut Shell Activated Carbon futhi I-AuLeach™ Gold Leaching Agent (GDA) - Ayiyona Ingozi. Yenza ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwe-bottle roll kanye nekholomu ukuqinisekisa izinzuzo zethu ze-kinetic ngaphambi kokufaka i-bulk oda.
* Ukuthunyelwa kwezimpahla eziningi kwezentengiselwano emhlabeni wonke kuqala embonini Inani Eliphansi Le-oda (MOQ) elingu-1x20' FCL ngemibandela ye-FOB noma ye-CIF yolwandle.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa: I-Colombian Metallurgy & Logistics
1. I-AuCyan™ ikugcina kanjani ukuzinza ezindaweni zaseColombia ezinomswakama kakhulu nezinemvula eningi?
I-sodium cyanide i-hygroscopic kakhulu; ukuchayeka emswakama oshisayo ezindaweni ezifana ne-Chocó noma i-Antioquia kungabangela ukuthi imunce umswakama, i-hydrolyze, futhi ilahlekelwe amandla asebenzayo e-CN⁻ ngaphambi kokusebenzisa. Ukuze kulwiwe nalokhu, i-AuCyan™ (≥98.3%) yenziwe ngomswakama ophansi kakhulu (≤0.3%) futhi ipakishwe ezigubhu zensimbi ezingama-50kg eziqinisekisiwe ze-UN noma emabhokisini ezinkuni aqinisiwe angu-1,000kg. Okubaluleke kakhulu, iphakethe ngalinye liqukethe i-liner ebanzi, evalwe ngokushisa (PE), okuqinisekisa ukuthi ama-briquette ahlala omile futhi ezinzile ngo-100% ngesikhathi sokugcina isikhathi eside endaweni yemayini.
2. Yimaphi amachweba aseColombia owasebenzisayo ukuletha izimpahla ze-CIF?
Ukuze siqinisekise ukuthi ozakwethu bezimayini bathutha kahle kakhulu, sinikeza ukuthunyelwa okubanzi kolwandle kokubili ogwini lwasePacific naseCaribbean. Ngaphansi kwemibandela ye-CIF, sithumela njalo izitsha zasolwandle ePort of Buenaventura (efanele imisebenzi yase-Andean esentshonalanga nephakathi) kanye nasePort of Cartagena / Barranquilla (yemisebenzi yasenyakatho). Uma impahla isisusiwe echwebeni lokuya kulo, umhlinzeki wezokuthutha wendawo oqokiwe weklayenti uphatha ukuthunyelwa kwamaloli angaphakathi ezweni endaweni ethile yemayini.
3. Ingabe i-ANLA (i-National Authority of Environmental Licenses) iyakuvumela ukusetshenziswa kwe-AuLeach™?
Yebo. Ngenxa yokuthi i-AuLeach™ Gold Leaching Agent (GDA) iqinisekiswe emhlabeni wonke njengekhemikhali engeyona ingozi (ngokungafani ne-DG Class 6.1 Sodium Cyanide), ihambisana kahle nemigomo eqinile yokulondolozwa kwemvelo ephoqelelwa yi-ANLA kanye nezinkampani ezizimele zesifunda (ama-CAR). Ukusebenzisa i-AuLeach™ kwenza kube lula kakhulu inqubo yokunikezwa kwelayisensi yezemvelo yezivumelwano ezintsha, kuqeda isidingo sezinkampani zokuthutha ezihlomile kakhulu, futhi kunciphisa kakhulu ubuthi bokukhishwa kwe-tailings yakho.
4. Kungani isilinganiso sobulukhuni esingu-≥99% sibalulekile Ikhabhoni Esebenzayo ezitshalweni ze-CIL zaseColombia?
Ezitshalweni zesimanje ze-Carbon-in-Leach (CIL), i-ore slurry ibhekana nokushukunyiswa okuqhubekayo, okuphezulu kokusika kwemishini. Uma i-activated carbon ithambile noma ingasebenzi kahle, ama-impeller blades azogaya ama-carbon granules abe uthuli oluncane. Le carbon encane—manje egcwele igolide lakho elikhishwe—izodlula ezikrinini zokugcina futhi ilahleke unomphela echibini le-tailings. I-AuCarb™ inikeza ubulukhuni obuqinisekisiwe be-ball-pan obungu- ≥99% , okuqinisekisa ubuqotho obukhulu besakhiwo kanye nokukhulisa isivuno sakho segolide esiphezulu.
5. Ingabe zikhona izindleko zezindleko ezinkulu (i-CAPEX) zokushintsha kusuka ku-Cyanide kuya ku-AuLeach™?
Akukho nhlobo. I-AuLeach™ yakhiwe njengendlela yokufaka esikhundleni se- Sodium cyanide ngo-100% . Abaphathi bezitshalo baseColombia akudingeki bathenge amathangi amasha okukhipha amanzi, bashintshe izinhlelo zabo zokunisela nge-Heap leach drip, noma bashintshe amasekethe abo okukhipha amanzi nge-carbon kanye ne-electrowinning. Umane ufake i-cyanide esikhundleni sakho sokulinganisa, usebenzisa i-lime ejwayelekile enamanzi ukuze ugcine izinga le-pH elifanele (ngokuvamile phakathi kuka-10.5 no-11.5).
6. I-AuCyan™ isebenza kanjani ngokumelene nama-ore e-sulfide angaphikiswa atholakala eSegovia?
Ama-ore avela ezifundeni ezifana nebhande leSegovia-Remedios avame ukuqukethe ama-sulfide angenawo umoya-mpilo (njenge-pyrite kanye ne-sphalerite) adla inani elikhulu le-oxygen kanye ne-reagent. I-AuCyan™ Sodium Cyanide inikeza ubumsulwa obuphezulu kakhulu obungu- ≥98.3% , okuqinisekisa ukuhlushwa okukhulu kwama-ion e-CN⁻ amahhala. Lokhu kwakheka okunamandla kungena ngokushesha ku-matrix ye-ore, kuvimbela izinsimbi eziyisisekelo ukuthi zingayiqedi ngokuphelele i-cyanide ngaphambi kokuba igolide lincibilike ngokuphelele, ngaleyo ndlela kuqinisekiswe amazinga aphezulu okutholakala.
7. Ingabe nihlinzeka ngezokuthutha zesitimela ukuze kuthunyelwe izinto ngaphakathi ezweni eNingizimu Melika?
Cha. Ngenxa yemithetho eqinile yokuphepha yamazwe ngamazwe elawula ukuhamba kwamakhemikhali ayingozi kanye nobunzima bezindawo zase-Andean, sikwenqabela ngokuqinile ukusetshenziswa kwezokuthutha zesitimela zamazwe ngamazwe ezithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe. Sivikela uchungechunge lwethu lokuhlinzeka kuphela ngokuthumela izitsha zasolwandle olwandle.
8. Iyini i-Minimum Order Quantity (MOQ) yokuthumela amakhemikhali okumba eColombia?
Ukuze kuqinisekiswe amanani aqondile avela efektri, kuvikelwe ubuqotho bokupakisha kwamakhemikhali, futhi kuthuthukiswe izindleko zokuthutha zasemanzini kulo lonke elasePacific, i-MOQ yethu eqinile ingu- 1x20' FCL (Umthwalo Ogcwele Wesitsha) . Le nqubomgomo isebenza kuwo wonke umuntu ku-AuCyan™, AuCarb™, kanye ne-AuLeach™. Kuye ngohlobo lomkhiqizo kanye nohlobo lokupakisha, isitsha esisodwa esingamamitha angu-20 ngokuvamile sithwala amathani aphakathi kuka-10 kuya kwangu-20 ezinto zokwakha.
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- 2Ukuhlanzeka Okuphezulu · Ukusebenza Okuzinzile · Ukubuyisela Okuphakeme — i-sodium cyanide yokucwiliswa kwegolide yesimanje
- 3United ChemicalIthimba Labacwaningi Libonisa Igunya Ngemininingwane Eqhutshwa Ngedatha
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