Iyiphi ikhemikhali edla kakhulu?

Embonini yamakhemikhali, ukwazi ukuthi yimaphi amakhemikhali agqwala kakhulu kubalulekile ekukhiqizeni okuphephile nasekugcinweni kwemishini. Lesi sihloko sizongena embuzweni othi "yimaphi amakhemikhali adla kakhulu", hlaziya ambalwa kakhulu Amakhemikhali Alimazayo nezici zabo, futhi ikusize ukwazi kangcono ulwazi olufanele.

1. I-Hydrofluoric Acid

IHydrofluoric acid ingelinye lamakhemikhali aziwa kakhulu adlayo. Ayincibilikisi ingilazi kuphela, kodwa futhi ihlasela cishe zonke izinsimbi. Ukugqwala kwe I-Hydrofluoric Acid ivela emsebenzini ophakeme kakhulu we-fluoride ion (F⁻), okwazi ukuphula izibopho zamakhemikhali zezinto ze-silicate, okuholela ekuboleni kwengilazi namaminerali amaningi. I-Hydrofluoric acid yonakalisa kakhulu isikhumba nezicubu zomuntu, futhi ukuthintana kungabangela ukushisa okukhulu kwamakhemikhali futhi kube nemiphumela elimazayo emathanjeni.

2. I-Sulfur Acid

I-Sulfuric acid iyikhemikhali evamile kodwa ebola kakhulu esetshenziswa kabanzi ekukhiqizeni izimboni. Kugxilile I-Sulfuric Acid ingamunca ngokushesha amanzi futhi ikhiphe kakhulu amanzi emzimbeni, okwenza idle kakhulu ezintweni eziningi eziphilayo. I-sulfuric acid nayo ingasabela ngezinsimbi eziningi ukuze ikhiqize i-hydrogen nosawoti wensimbi, iqhubekisele phambili ukusheshisa inqubo yokugqwala. I-sulfuric acid igqwala kakhulu ezintweni ezisetshenziswayo emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, ngakho-ke ukuvikelwa okukhethekile kufanele kuthathwe uma uyisebenzisa.

3. Igesi Ye-Chlorine

I-Chlorine iyigesi enobuthi ephuzi-luhlaza emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni nokucindezela, futhi igqwala kakhulu. I-Chlorine ingasabela emanzini ukuze ikhiqize i-hydrochloric acid ne-hypochlorous acid, kokubili okuyizinto ezonakalisa kakhulu, ikakhulukazi i-hydrochloric acid, enomthelela oqinile wokugqwala ezinsimbi. I-chlorine ingasabela ngokuqondile ngezinsimbi eziningi ukuze ikhiqize ama-chloride ensimbi, ngaleyo ndlela ibhebhethekise umonakalo wokugqwala kwezinto zokusebenza. Ku Ukukhiqizwa Kwamakhemikhali, ukuvuza kwe I-chlorine kuyingozi enkulu yokuphepha, futhi kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo eziqinile zokuzivikela.

4. I-Nitric Acid

I-nitric acid ingenye ikhemikhali edla kakhulu, ikakhulukazi efomini eligxilile. Kuyi-oxidizing eqinile futhi ihlangana nezinsimbi eziningi ukwenza ama-nitrate futhi ikhiphe igesi ye-nitrogen dioxide enobuthi. I-nitric acid iphinde ihlasele izinto eziningi eziphilayo, ikakhulukazi amaprotheni nama-carbohydrate, okwenza idle kakhulu izicubu zezinto eziphilayo. I-nitric acid ingabangela ukusabela kwamakhemikhali anobudlova lapho uthintana nezinto ezithile, okudala ingozi yokuqhuma.

5. I-Sodium Hydroxide

Nakuba I-Sodium Hydroxide iyi-alkali, ukugqwala kwayo akufanele kuthathwe kancane. Ingagqwalisa kakhulu izinsimbi, ikakhulukazi i-aluminium ne-zinc, futhi ingabola nezinto eziningi eziphilayo ezinjengamaprotheni namafutha, okubangele ukusha okukhulu kwamakhemikhali. I-sodium hydroxide iphinde ibe nomthelela othize ogqwalile engilazini nasezitsheni zobumba ekugxilweni okuphezulu, ngakho-ke izinto ezikhethekile ezimelana ne-alkali ziyadingeka ukuze kugcinwe futhi kuphathwe.

Isifinyezo

Embuzweni othi "iyiphi ikhemikhali edla kakhulu," singabona ukuthi i-hydrofluoric acid, i-sulfuric acid, i-chlorine, I-Nitric Acid kanye ne-sodium hydroxide wonke angamakhemikhali adla kakhulu. Izindlela zokugqwala kwazo ezihlukene kanye nezinhloso zazo zihlukile, kodwa iphuzu elivamile ukuthi zingaba yingozi enkulu emzimbeni womuntu, izinto zokusebenza kanye nendawo ezungezile. Enqubweni yokukhiqiza nokucutshungulwa kwamakhemikhali, kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo eziqinile zokuvikela ukugwema izingozi zokuphepha ezibangelwa amakhemikhali agqwalayo.