Daidaita Zubar da Kwantena Sodium Cyanide Wacce Aka Yashe

Gabatarwa

Sodium cyanide wani sinadari ne mai guba wanda ake amfani da shi sosai a masana'antu kamar hakar ma'adinai, samar da wutar lantarki, da kuma hada sinadarai. Saboda gubarsa, Zubar da Kwantena Sodium Cyanide da aka yi watsi da su yana da matukar muhimmanci. Yin amfani da waɗannan kwantena ba bisa ka'ida ba na iya haifar da gurɓataccen muhalli mai tsanani kuma yana haifar da babbar barazana ga lafiyar ɗan adam. Wannan labarin zai samar da cikakken jagora kan yadda ake zubar da irin waɗannan kwantena cikin aminci da kyau.

Hatsarin kwantena Sodium Cyanide da Aka Yashe

Sodium cyanide yana da guba sosai. Ko da ƙananan adadi na iya zama mai mutuwa idan an sha, an shaƙa, ko kuma idan ya taɓa fata. Kwantena da aka yi watsi da su na iya ƙunsar ragowar sodium cyanide , wanda zai iya zubewa akan lokaci. Lokacin da Sodium cyanide ya taɓa ruwa ko acid, yana iya samar da iskar hydrogen cyanide, wani abu mai canzawa kuma mai guba sosai. Wannan iskar gas ɗin ya fi iska nauyi kuma yana iya taruwa a wurare masu ƙasƙanci, yana jefa rayuwar waɗanda ke kusa cikin haɗari. Bugu da ƙari, idan ragowar sodium cyanide ya shiga cikin ƙasa ko tushen ruwa, yana iya gurɓata muhalli, yana haifar da lalacewar yanayi na dogon lokaci da kuma yiwuwar shiga cikin sarkar abinci.

Yarda da Ka'idoji

Kafin fara aikin zubar da ciki, yana da mahimmanci a sani kuma a bi duk ƙa'idodin gida, na ƙasa, da na ƙasa da ƙasa. Yankuna daban-daban suna da takamaiman dokoki game da kulawa da zubar da sharar gida mai haɗari, musamman abubuwa masu guba kamar sodium cyanide. Waɗannan ƙa'idodin sun ƙunshi nau'o'i kamar sanya alamar da ta dace na sharar gida, takaddun tsarin zubarwa, da amfani da wuraren zubar da izini. Rashin bin ka'ida na iya haifar da hukunci mai tsanani, gami da tara tara da lamunin doka. Misali, a Amurka, Hukumar Kare Muhalli (EPA) tana da tsauraran ka'idoji a karkashin Dokar Kare Albarkatu da Farfadowa (RCRA) da ke tafiyar da sharar da ke da hadari, wanda sharar fage mai alaka da sodium cyanide ke faduwa.

Mataki-Ta- Matakin Cire Tsari

1. Ƙimar Farko

Da farko, duba ganuwar da aka watsar da gani. Bincika kowane alamun yabo, lalata, ko lalacewa. Idan akwai ɗigogi na bayyane, kar a yi ƙoƙarin motsa kwandon ba tare da taka tsantsan ba. Alama wurin da ke kusa da akwati don hana shiga mara izini.

Yi ƙoƙarin ƙayyade adadin sodium cyanide da ya rage a cikin akwati. Wannan bayanin zai zama da amfani ga matakan zubarwa na gaba, musamman lokacin zabar hanyar zubar da ta dace da adadin reagents da ake buƙata don magani (idan an zartar).

2. Tsaron Tsaro

Saka kayan kariya masu dacewa (PPE). Wannan ya haɗa da sinadarai - safofin hannu masu juriya, cikakken kwat ɗin hazmat na jiki, tabarau masu aminci, da na'urar numfashi mai babban tace iska mai ƙarfi (HEPA) ko iskar gas mai dacewa - harsashi don kariya ta cyanide.

Yi aiki a cikin rijiyar da iskar iska, zai fi dacewa a waje ko a cikin hurumin hayaƙi idan akwai. Idan aiki a waje, zaɓi wuri nesa da wuraren da jama'a ke da yawa, wuraren ruwa, da magudanan ruwa.

Yi kayan zube a jiran aiki. Kayan aikin zubewa ya kamata ya ƙunshi kayan da za su sha ruwa, abubuwan da za su hana ruwa gudu (kamar maganin sodium hypochlorite don zubewar cyanide), da kayan aikin tsaftace zube.

3. Rufe kwantena (idan zai yiwu)

Idan kwandon yana da murfi ko tsarin rufewa wanda bai lalace ba, a hankali rufe kwandon don hana ƙarin zubewa. Yi amfani da kayan rufewa da suka dace kamar tef ɗin bututu (zai fi dacewa sinadarai - mai juriya) ko akwati na musamman - mahadi masu rufewa. Koyaya, idan kwandon ya lalace sosai, wannan matakin bazai yuwu ko tasiri ba.

4. Maganin Residual Sodium Cyanide (Na zaɓi amma Shawarwari)

Hanya ɗaya ta gama gari don sanya ragowar sodium cyanide ƙasa mai guba shine oxidation. Alal misali, za ka iya amsa shi tare da wani karfi oxidizing wakili kamar potassium permanganate. A cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje - sikelin ko ƙananan - halin da ake ciki, shirya wani bayani na potassium permanganate a cikin ruwa a daidaitaccen taro (yawanci kusan 5 - 10% ta nauyi). A hankali ƙara sodium - cyanide - mai ɗauke da abu daga akwati zuwa maganin potassium permanganate yayin motsawa a hankali. Wannan halayen zai canza sodium cyanide zuwa wani abu mai guba wanda ake kira sodium cyanate.

Wani zabin kuma shine a yi amfani da hadewar bleach (sodium hypochlorite) da sodium hydroxide. Na farko, narkar da ƙaramin adadin sodium hydroxide a cikin ruwa don yin maganin 5% na ruwa. Sa'an nan, ƙara da sodium - cyanide - dauke da abu zuwa wannan bayani. Bayan haka, ƙara yawan bleach. Wannan tsari kuma zai maida sodium cyanide zuwa wani abu mara lahani. Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa lokacin amfani da wannan hanya, yakamata a aiwatar da martanin a waje ko a cikin wurin da ke da iska mai kyau saboda ana iya samar da iskar iskar nitrogen a yayin da ake amsawa, kuma idan jirgin ruwan ya rufe sosai, matsa lamba na iya tasowa.

5. Marufi don Sufuri

Sanya kwandon da aka rufe (ko magani) a cikin akwati na biyu, mai zubewa - kwandon shaida. Wannan na iya zama ganga mai ƙarfi na filastik ko kuma na musamman mai haɗari - kwandon shara. Akwatin na biyu ya kamata a yi masa alama a fili tare da alamun haɗari masu dacewa, yana nuna cewa yana ɗauke da datti da datti mai haɗari, musamman masu alaƙa da sodium cyanide.

Tsare akwati a cikin akwati na biyu don hana motsi yayin sufuri. Yi amfani da kayan manne kamar su kumfa ko kumfa don kwantar da akwati na ciki.

6. Tafiya zuwa Wurin Zubar da Izini

Tuntuɓi mai haɗari mai lasisi - kamfanin sufuri na sharar gida. Tabbatar cewa sun kware wajen jigilar abubuwa masu guba kamar sodium cyanide. A ba su duk bayanan da suka dace game da sharar, gami da adadin, nau'in kwantena, da duk wani magani da aka yi.

Bi duk ƙa'idodin sufuri, waɗanda ƙila sun haɗa da takamaiman buƙatun tuƙi, matakan tsaro, da amfani da motocin sufuri masu dacewa sanye take da fasalulluka na aminci kamar tsarin hana zubewa.

7. Zubar da Wuta a Wurin Wuta Mai Izini

Wuraren zubar da izini don sharar gida mai haɗari, musamman waɗanda ke mu'amala da abubuwa masu guba kamar sodium cyanide, suna da kayan aiki na musamman da matakai don tabbatar da zubar da lafiya. Waɗannan wurare na iya amfani da hanyoyi kamar ƙona zafin jiki mai girma a cikin yanayi mai sarrafawa don lalata gaba ɗaya cyanide sodium. A lokacin ƙonawa, ana ƙone sodium cyanide a yanayin zafi mai zafi, yana mai da shi zuwa mara - mai guba ko ƙasa - mai guba ta - samfura kamar carbon dioxide, nitrogen, da sodium salts.

Wasu wurare kuma na iya amfani da hanyoyin sarrafa sinadarai don ƙara lalata sharar kafin zubar da ƙarshe. Wurin zai kuma kula da tokar da duk wani ragowa daga tsarin zubar da ciki daidai da ka'idojin muhalli.

Buga - Tabbatarwar Zubarwa

Bayan an gama aikin zubarwa, sami takardar shaidar zubarwa daga wurin da aka ba da izini. Wannan takaddun shaida yana zama hujja cewa an zubar da kwandon sodium cyanide da aka yi watsi da shi yadda ya kamata tare da bin duk ƙa'idodi.

Ajiye bayanan duk matakan da ke cikin tsarin zubar da ciki, gami da kima na farko, matakan tsaro da aka ɗauka, cikakkun bayanan jiyya (idan akwai), takaddun sufuri, da takardar shaidar zubarwa. Ana iya buƙatar waɗannan bayanan don bincikar tsari ko don rikodin kamfani na ciki - dalilai na kiyayewa.

Kammalawa

Zubar da Kwantena Sodium Cyanide da Aka Yi Wa Juna da Kyau tsari ne mai sarkakiya kuma mai tsari sosai wanda ke buƙatar kulawa sosai ga cikakkun bayanai da kuma bin ƙa'idodin aminci sosai. Ta hanyar bin matakan da aka bayyana a cikin wannan labarin, tun daga tantancewa ta farko zuwa zubar da shi na ƙarshe a wurin da aka ba da izini, za a iya rage haɗarin da ke tattare da waɗannan kwantena masu guba, wanda ke kare lafiyar ɗan adam da muhalli. Ku tuna, lokacin da ake mu'amala da sodium cyanide, aminci ya kamata ya zama babban fifiko.