Mmanya a na-ahụkarị na nyocha titration sodium Cyanide

Okwu Mmalite

Nnyocha nke sodium cyanide nke nhazi usoro bụ ụzọ dị oke mkpa na kemistri nyocha, ọkachasị na ụlọ ọrụ dịka igwu ala, electroplating, na imepụta kemịkalụ. Agbanyeghị, ọnụnọ nke ihe dị iche iche na-egbochi ihe nwere ike imetụta izi ezi na ntụkwasị obi nke nsonaazụ nhazi usoro ...

Metal Ions dị ka ihe na-etinye aka

Igwe igwe dị arọ

Iọn ígwè dị arọ dịka ọla kọpa (Cu²⁺), zinc (Zn²⁺), na nickel (Ni²⁺) nwere ike ịmepụta mgbagwoju anya kwụsiri ike na ion cyanide . Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ion ọla kọpa na-emeghachi omume na cyanide iji mepụta mgbagwoju anya cyanide ọla kọpa dịka [Cu(CN)₂]⁻ na [Cu(CN)₄]³⁻. Mmeghachi omume nhazi mgbagwoju anya ndị a na-eri ion cyanide, na-eduga na enweghị nkọwa nke ọdịnaya Sodium Cyanide n'ezie n'oge titration. Na ngwọta electroplating, nke na-enwekarị ọla kọpa na zinc yana Sodium cyanide , enwere ike ịkọwapụta nnyonye anya a nke ọma.

Ígwè ion

Iron ion (Fe³⁺ na Fe²⁺) nwekwara ike igbochi titration sodium cyanide. N'ime usoro acidic, Fe³⁺ nwere ike meghachi omume na ion cyanide iji mepụta ígwè dị iche iche - cyanide complexes, dị ka nke ọma Prussian blue - dị ka ogige. Mmeghachi omume ndị a nwere ike iri ion cyanide ma mebie stoichiometry nke mmeghachi omume titration n'etiti ion ọlaọcha (nke a na-ejikarị na cyanide titration) na ion cyanide. Na mgbakwunye, na ọnụnọ oxygen, Fe²⁺ nwere ike oxidized na Fe³⁺, na-eme ka ọnọdụ nnyonye anya na-akawanye njọ.

Mmanya Anionic

Sulfide ion

Sulfide ion (S²⁻) bụ ihe na-emetụtakarị na titration sodium cyanide. N'ihe gbasara alkaline, ọ bụrụ na sulfide dị, ọ nwere ike imeghachi omume na ion hydrogen site na ọnọdụ acidic ejiri mee ihe na usoro titration ụfọdụ (ma ọ bụ mepụta hydrogen sulfide gas nke nwere ike imeghachi ọzọ). Nke kachasị mkpa, sulfide nwere ike imeghachi omume na ion ọlaọcha (eji na ọlaọcha - nitrate - titration cyanide dabeere) iji mee ọlaọcha sulfide (Ag₂S) precipitate. Ọ bụghị naanị na nke a na-eri ion ọlaọcha kamakwa na-ekpuchi njedebe njedebe nke titration, n'ihi na nguzobe nke black Ag₂S precipitate nwere ike igbochi nchọpụta anya nke ọlaọcha - cyanide complex - nke dabeere na njedebe.

Thiocyanate ion

Thiocyanate ion (SCN⁻) nwere ike ịnọ dị ka nnyonye anya, ọkachasị na nlele ebe enwere akụkụ - mmeghachi omume ma ọ bụ mmetọ. Thiocyanate ion nwere ike meghachi omume na ion ọla ọcha iji mepụta ọla ọcha thiocyanate (AgSCN). N'ime titration sodium cyanide ebe a na-eji nitrate ọlaọcha mee ihe dị ka titrant, nhazi nke AgSCN nwere ike iduga n'ịtụle ọdịnaya cyanide ma ọ bụrụ na agụghị ya nke ọma, dịka ion ọlaọcha na-eri na nhazi nke ọlaọcha abụọ - cyanide complexes na silver thiocyanate precipitate.

Ihe ndị ọzọ na-egbochi

Ngwakọta Organic

Ụfọdụ ihe ndị dị ndụ nwere ike igbochi sodium cyanide titration. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ụfọdụ aldehydes na ketone nwere ike imeghachi omume na ion cyanide na mmeghachi omume mgbakwunye nucleophilic n'okpuru ọnọdụ kwesịrị ekwesị. Mmeghachi omume a na-eri ion cyanide ma si otú a na-emetụta nsonaazụ titration. N'ihe atụ sitere na usoro ụlọ ọrụ ebe ihe ndị dị ndụ dị, dịka n'ime ụfọdụ mmiri mkpofu sitere na osisi kemịkalụ nke nwere ike ịnwe ma sodium cyanide na ihe ndị na-emerụ emerụ, a ga-atụle nke ọma nnyonye anya sitere na ihe ndị a dị ndụ.

Oxidizing na Mbelata Agent

Ndị na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe nwere ike oxidize ion cyanide. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) nwere ike imeghachi omume na ion cyanide iji mepụta ion cyanate (CNO⁻) ma ọ bụ ngwaahịa ndị ọzọ oxidized. Mmeghachi omume oxidation a na-ebelata ọnụọgụ cyanide dị maka titration, na-ebute nha na-ezighi ezi nke ọdịnaya sodium cyanide. N'aka nke ọzọ, ndị na-ebelata ego nwekwara ike itinye aka. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ihe ndị dị ka sodium sulfite (Na₂SO₃) nwere ike meghachi omume na ions ọlaọcha na ọlaọcha - nitrate - titration dabeere na ya, na-ebelata ha na ọlaọcha ọlaọcha ma ọ bụ ala - oxidation - ụdị ọlaọcha steeti, nke na-emebi usoro titration nkịtị.

mmechi

Na nyocha nke sodium cyanide titration , ion metal, anions dị ka sulfide na thiocyanate, organic compounds, na oxidizing ma ọ bụ reducing agents bụ ihe ndị a na-ahụkarị na-egbochi ihe. Iji nweta nsonaazụ titration ziri ezi, ọ dị mkpa ime ihe kwesịrị ekwesị iji wepụ ma ọ bụ belata mmetụta nke nnyonye anya ndị a. Nke a nwere ike ịgụnye usoro ọgwụgwọ tupu oge eruo dịka nzacha, mwepụ, ma ọ bụ iji ihe mkpuchi ihu. Ịghọta nnyonye anya ndị a bụ nzọụkwụ mbụ iji melite izi ezi na ntụkwasị obi nke nyocha titration sodium cyanide na ngwa ụlọ ọrụ na nyocha dị iche iche.